AMD Turion - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

AMD Turion is the brand name AMD applies to its 64-bit

Bit

A bit is the basic unit of information in computing and telecommunications; it is the amount of information stored by a digital device or other physical system that exists in one of two possible distinct states...

low-power consumption (mobile) processors

Central processing unit

The central processing unit is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, to perform the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system. The CPU plays a role somewhat analogous to the brain in the computer. The term has been in...

codenamed K8L. The Turion 64 and Turion 64 X2/Ultra processors compete with Intel's

Intel Corporation

Intel Corporation is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most...

mobile processors, initially the Pentium M
Pentium M
The Pentium M brand refers to a family of mobile single-core x86 microprocessors introduced in March 2003 , and forming a part of the Intel Carmel notebook platform under the then new Centrino brand...

and the Intel Core

Intel Core

Yonah was the code name for Intel's first generation of 65 nm process mobile microprocessors, based on the Banias/Dothan-core Pentium M microarchitecture. SIMD performance has been improved through the addition of SSE3 instructions and improvements to SSE and SSE2 implementations, while integer...

and Intel Core 2

Intel Core 2

Core 2 is a brand encompassing a range of Intel's consumer 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture. The single- and dual-core models are single-die, whereas the quad-core models comprise two dies, each containing two cores, packaged in a...

processors.

Features

Earlier Turion 64 processors are compatible with AMD's Socket 754

Socket 754

Socket 754 is a CPU socket originally developed by AMD to succeed its Athlon XP platform . Socket 754 was the first socket developed by AMD to support their new consumer version of the 64 bit microprocessor family known as AMD64.-Technical specifications:Socket 754 was the original socket for...

. The newer "Richmond" models are designed for AMD's Socket S1

Socket S1

Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:...

. They are equipped with 512 or 1024 KiB

Kibibyte

The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information. The binary prefix kibi means 1024; therefore, 1 kibibyte is . The unit symbol for the kibibyte is KiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 1999 and has been accepted for use...

of L2 cache, a 64-bit single channel on-die DDR-400 memory controller, and an 800 MHz HyperTransport

HyperTransport

HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

bus. Battery saving features, like PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, are central to the marketing and usefulness of these CPUs.

colspan="5"|AMD Turion processor family
Code-named	Core	Date released
Lancaster Richmond Sable	solo (90 nm) solo (90 nm) solo (65 nm)	Mar 2005 Sep 2006 Jun 2008
Taylor Trinidad Tyler Lion	dual (90 nm) dual (90 nm) dual (65 nm) dual (65 nm)	May 2006 May 2006 May 2007 Jun 2008
Lion	dual (65 nm)	Jun 2008
Caspian	dual (45 nm)	Sep 2009
Champlain	dual (45 nm)	May 2010

Turion 64 X2

Turion 64 X2 is AMD's 64-bit

64-bit

64-bit is a word size that defines certain classes of computer architecture, buses, memory and CPUs, and by extension the software that runs on them. 64-bit CPUs have existed in supercomputers since the 1970s and in RISC-based workstations and servers since the early 1990s...

dual-core

Multi-core (computing)

A multi-core processor is a single computing component with two or more independent actual processors , which are the units that read and execute program instructions...

mobile CPU

Notebook processor

A notebook processor is a CPU optimized for notebook computers.One of the main characteristics differentiating notebook processors from other CPUs is low-power consumption....

, intended to compete with Intel's Core

Intel Core

and Core 2

Intel Core 2

CPUs. The Turion 64 X2 was launched on May 17, 2006, after several delays. These processors use Socket S1

Socket S1

, and feature DDR2

DDR2 SDRAM

DDR2 SDRAM is a double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory interface. It supersedes the original DDR SDRAM specification and has itself been superseded by DDR3 SDRAM...

memory. They also include AMD Virtualization Technology

X86 virtualization

In computing, x86 virtualization is the facility that allows multiple operating systems to simultaneously share x86 processor resources in a safe and efficient manner, a facility generically known as hardware virtualization...

and more power-saving features.

AMD first produced the Turion 64 X2 on IBM

IBM

International Business Machines Corporation or IBM is an American multinational technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas...

's 90 nm Silicon on insulator

Silicon on insulator

Silicon on insulator technology refers to the use of a layered silicon-insulator-silicon substrate in place of conventional silicon substrates in semiconductor manufacturing, especially microelectronics, to reduce parasitic device capacitance and thereby improving performance...

(SOI) process (cores with the Taylor codename). As of May 2007, they have switched to a 65 nm Silicon-Germanium stressed process, which was recently achieved through the combined effort of IBM

IBM

and AMD, with 40% improvement over comparable 65 nm processes. The earlier 90 nm devices were codenamed Taylor and Trinidad, while the newer 65 nm cores have codename Tyler.

Turion X2 Ultra

Turion X2 Ultra (codenamed Griffin) is the first processor family from AMD

Advanced Micro Devices

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. or AMD is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Sunnyvale, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for commercial and consumer markets...

solely for the mobile platform, based on the Athlon 64

AMD K8

The AMD K8 is a computer processor microarchitecture designed by AMD as the successor to the AMD K7 microarchitecture. The K8 was the first implementation of the AMD64 64-bit extension to the x86 processor architecture.Processors based on the K8 core include:...

(K8 Revision G) architecture with some specific architectural enhancements similar to current Phenom

AMD K10

The AMD Family 10h is a microprocessor microarchitecture by AMD. Though there were once reports that the K10 had been canceled, the first third-generation Opteron products for servers were launched on September 10, 2007, with the Phenom processors for desktops following and launching on November...

processors aimed at lower power consumption and longer battery life. The Turion Ultra processor was released as part of the "Puma" mobile platform in June 2008.

The Turion X2 Ultra is a dual-core processor to be fabricated on 65 nm

65 nanometer

The 65 nm process is an advanced lithographic node used in volume CMOS semiconductor fabrication. Printed linewidths can reach as low as 25 nm on a nominally 65 nm process, while the pitch between two lines may be greater than 130 nm.. For comparison, cellular ribosomes are...

technology using 300 mm SOI wafers. It will support DDR2-800

DDR2 SDRAM

DDR2 SDRAM is a double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory interface. It supersedes the original DDR SDRAM specification and has itself been superseded by DDR3 SDRAM...

SO-DIMM

A SO-DIMM, or small outline dual in-line memory module, is a type of computer memory built using integrated circuits.SO-DIMMs are a smaller alternative to a DIMM, being roughly half the size of regular DIMMs...

s and features a DRAM prefetcher to improve performance and a mobile-enhanced northbridge

Northbridge (computing)

The northbridge has historically been one of the two chips in the core logic chipset on a PC motherboard, the other being the southbridge. Increasingly these functions have migrated to the CPU chip itself, beginning with memory and graphics controllers. For Intel Sandy Bridge and AMD Fusion...

(memory controller, HyperTransport controller, and crossbar switch). Each processor core comes with 1 MiB

Mebibyte

The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...

L2 cache for a total of 2 MiB L2 cache for the entire processor. This is double the L2 cache found on the current Turion 64 X2 processor. Clock rates range from 2.0 GHz to 2.4 GHz, and thermal design power (TDP) will range from 32 watts to 35 watts.

Tthe Turion X2 Ultra processor, unlike earlier Turions, implements three voltage planes: one for the northbridge and one for each core. This, along with multiple phase-locked loop

Phase-locked loop

A phase-locked loop or phase lock loop is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the phase of an input "reference" signal. It is an electronic circuit consisting of a variable frequency oscillator and a phase detector...

s (PLL), allows one core to alter its voltage and operating frequency independently of the other core, and independently of the northbridge. Indeed, in a matter of microseconds, the processor can switch to one of 8 frequency levels and one of 5 voltage levels. By adjusting frequency and voltage during use, the processor can adapt to different workloads and help reduce power consumption. It can operate as low as 250 MHz to conserve power during light use.

Additionally, the processor features deep sleep state C3, deeper sleep state C4 (AltVID), and HyperTransport

HyperTransport

3.0 up to 2.6 GHz, or up to 41.6 GB

Gigabyte

The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information storage. The prefix giga means 109 in the International System of Units , therefore 1 gigabyte is...

/s bandwidth per link at 16-bit link width and dynamic scaling of HT link width down to 0-bit ("disconnected") in both directions from and to the chipset

Chipset

A chipset, PC chipset, or chip set refers to a group of integrated circuits, or chips, that are designed to work together. They are usually marketed as a single product.- Computers :...

for four different usage scenarios . It also implements multiple on-die thermal sensors through integrated SMBUS (SB-TSI) interface (replaces and eliminates the thermal monitor circuit chip through SMBUS in its predecessors) with additional MEMHOT signal sent from embedded controller to the processor, and reduces memory temperature.

The Turion X2 Ultra processor uses the same socket S1 as its predecessor, Turion 64 X2, but the pinout is different. It is designed to work with the RS780M chipset.

Given the above enhancements on the architecture, the cores were minimally modified and are based on the K8 instead of the K10

AMD K10

microarchitecture. AMD Fellow Maurice Steinman has said the cores are almost transistor-for-transistor identical to those found in the 65 nm Turion 64 X2 processors .

Turion II Ultra

Turion II Ultra (codenamed Caspian) is the mobile version of the K10.5 architecture produced using 45 nm fabrication process, also known by its desktop variant Regor. It is a dual core processor, and features clock speeds of 2.4 GHz to 2.7 GHz, 2 MB total L2 cache (1 MB per core), HyperTransport at 3.6 GT/s, and a 128 bit FPU. It maintains a TDP of 35W from its predecessor Turion X2 Ultra (codenamed Griffin).

Turion II

Turion II is identical to Turion II Ultra, except that the Turion II features only 1 MB of L2 cache (512KB per core), and lower clock speeds ranging from 2.2 GHz to 2.5 GHz.

Model naming methodology

The model naming scheme does not make it obvious how to compare one Turion with another, or even an Athlon 64

Athlon 64

The Athlon 64 is an eighth-generation, AMD64-architecture microprocessor produced by AMD, released on September 23, 2003. It is the third processor to bear the name Athlon, and the immediate successor to the Athlon XP...

. The model name is two letters, a dash, and a two digit number (for example, ML-34). The two letters together designate a processor class, while the number represents a performance rating (PR). The first letter is M for single core processors and T for dual core Turion 64 X2 processors. The later in the alphabet that the second letter appears, the more the model has been designed for mobility (frugal power consumption). Take for instance, an MT-30 and an ML-34. Since the T in the MT-30 is later in the alphabet than the L in ML-34, the MT-30 consumes less power than the ML-34. But since 34 is greater than 30, the ML-34 is faster than the MT-30.

The release of the Turion II Ultra and Turion II lineups have simplified name methodology; all newly released Turions have the letter "M" followed by a number designating relative performance. The higher the number, the higher the clock speed. For example, the Turion II M500 has a clock speed of 2.2 GHz while the Turion II M520 has a clock speed of 2.3 GHz.

Lancaster (90 nm SOI)

Stepping E5
L1 cache: 64 + 64 KiB (data + instructions)
L2 cache: 512 or 1024 KiB, fullspeed
MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, AMD64, PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, NX Bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...
Socket 754
Socket 754
Socket 754 is a CPU socket originally developed by AMD to succeed its Athlon XP platform . Socket 754 was the first socket developed by AMD to support their new consumer version of the 64 bit microprocessor family known as AMD64.-Technical specifications:Socket 754 was the original socket for...

, HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(800 MHz, HT800)
VCore: 1.00 V - 1.45 V
Power consumption (TDP
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...

): 25/35 watt max
First release: March 10, 2005
Clock rate: 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400 MHz
- 25W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - MT-28: 1600 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)
  - MT-30: 1600 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - MT-32: 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)
  - MT-34: 1800 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - MT-37: 2000 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - MT-40: 2200 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
- 35W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - ML-28: 1600 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-30: 1600 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-32: 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-34: 1800 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-37: 2000 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-40: 2200 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-42: 2400 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)
  - ML-44: 2400 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)

Richmond (90 nm SOI)

The models support the same features available in Lancaster, plus AMD-V.

L1 cache: 64 + 64 KiB (data + instructions)
L2 cache: 512 KiB, fullspeed
MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, AMD64, PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, NX Bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...

, AMD-V
Socket S1
Socket S1
Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:...

, HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(800 MHz, HT800)
VCore: 1.00 V - 1.45 V
Power consumption (TDP
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...

): 31 watt max
First release: September 1, 2006
Clock rate: 2000, 2200 MHz
- 31W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - MK-36: 2000 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)
  - MK-38: 2200 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)

Taylor & Trinidad (90 nm SOI)

Dual AMD64 core
Stepping F2
L1 cache
CPU cache
A CPU cache is a cache used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access memory. The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations...

: 64 + 64 KiB
Kibibyte
The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information. The binary prefix kibi means 1024; therefore, 1 kibibyte is . The unit symbol for the kibibyte is KiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 1999 and has been accepted for use...

(data
Data (computing)
In computer science, data is information in a form suitable for use with a computer. Data is often distinguished from programs. A program is a sequence of instructions that detail a task for the computer to perform...

+ instructions) per core
L2 cache: 256 KiB (Taylor) or 512 KiB (Trinidad) per core, fullspeed
Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-667 MHz
MMX, Extended 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, AMD64, PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, NX bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...
Socket S1
Socket S1
Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:...

, HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(800 MHz, 1600 MT
Megatransfer
In computer technology, transfers per second and its more common derivatives gigatransfers per second and megatransfers per second are informal language that refer to the number of operations transferring data that occur in each second in some given data-transfer channel. It is also known as...

/s, 10.7 GB
Gigabyte
The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information storage. The prefix giga means 109 in the International System of Units , therefore 1 gigabyte is...

/s CPU-RAM + 6.4 GB/s CPU-I/O transfer rate)http://www.amd.com/us-en/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_13909_13911,00.html
Power consumption (TDP
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...

): 31, 33, 35 watt max
First release: May 17, 2006
Clock rate: 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200 MHz
- 31W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - TL-50: 1600 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TL-52: 1600 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
- 33W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - TL-56: 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
- 35W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - TL-60: 2000 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TL-64: 2200 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)

Tyler (65 nm SOI)

Dual AMD64 core
Steppings G1, G2
L1 cache: 64 + 64 KiB (data + instructions) per core
L2 cache: 256 KiB per core (All Athlon & Turion TL-50) or 512 KiB per core (All Others), fullspeed
Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-667 MHz (10.6 GB/s full-duplex CPU/RAM bandwidth)
100 MHz granularity (Dynamic P-state Transitions)
MMX, Extended 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, AMD64, PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, NX Bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...

, AMD-V
Socket S1
Socket S1
Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:...

, HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(800 MHz / 1600 MT/s)
Power consumption (TDP
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...

): 31, 35 watt max.
First release: 2007
Clock rate: 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400 MHz
- 31W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - TK-53 1700 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) - ※Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core for Notebooks
  - TK-55 1800 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) - ※Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core for Notebooks
  - TL-56 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TK-57 1900 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) - ※Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core for Notebooks
  - TL-58 1900 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TL-60 2000 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
- 35W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - TL-62 2100 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TL-64 2200 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TL-66 2300 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)
  - TL-68 2400 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)

Lion (65 nm SOI)

Dual AMD64 core
B1 Stepping
L1 cache
CPU cache
A CPU cache is a cache used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access memory. The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations...

: 64 + 64 KiB
Kibibyte
The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information. The binary prefix kibi means 1024; therefore, 1 kibibyte is . The unit symbol for the kibibyte is KiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 1999 and has been accepted for use...

(data
Data (computing)
In computer science, data is information in a form suitable for use with a computer. Data is often distinguished from programs. A program is a sequence of instructions that detail a task for the computer to perform...

+ instructions) per core
- L2 cache: 512 KiB
  Kibibyte
  The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information. The binary prefix kibi means 1024; therefore, 1 kibibyte is . The unit symbol for the kibibyte is KiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 1999 and has been accepted for use...
  
  per core, fullspeed, or
- L2 cache: 1 MiB
  Mebibyte
  The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...
  
  per core, fullspeed
Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-800 MHz
MMX, Extended 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, AMD64, PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, NX bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...

, AMD-V
Socket S1 (S1g2)
Socket S1
Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:...
HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(1800 MHz, 3600 MT
Megatransfer
In computer technology, transfers per second and its more common derivatives gigatransfers per second and megatransfers per second are informal language that refer to the number of operations transferring data that occur in each second in some given data-transfer channel. It is also known as...

/s, 12.8 GB
Gigabyte
The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information storage. The prefix giga means 109 in the International System of Units , therefore 1 gigabyte is...

/s CPU-RAM + 14.4 GB/s CPU-I/O transfer rate)
HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(2200 MHz, 4400 MT
Megatransfer
In computer technology, transfers per second and its more common derivatives gigatransfers per second and megatransfers per second are informal language that refer to the number of operations transferring data that occur in each second in some given data-transfer channel. It is also known as...

/s on ZM-85 only)
Power consumption (TDP
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...

): 32, 35 watt max
First release: June 4, 2008
- Clock rate: 2000, 2100, 2200 MHz (RM-7x, L2 cache: 1 MiB
  Mebibyte
  The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...
  
  )
- Clock rate: 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400 MHz (ZM-8x, L2 cache: 2 MiB)
- 31W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - RM-70: 2000 MHz
- 32W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - ZM-80: 2100 MHz
- 35W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - RM-72: 2100 MHz
  - RM-74: 2200 MHz
  - ZM-82: 2200 MHz
  - ZM-84: 2300 MHz
  - ZM-85: 2300 MHz
  - ZM-86: 2400 MHz

Caspian (45 nm SOI)

Dual Stars
AMD K10
The AMD Family 10h is a microprocessor microarchitecture by AMD. Though there were once reports that the K10 had been canceled, the first third-generation Opteron products for servers were launched on September 10, 2007, with the Phenom processors for desktops following and launching on November...

core
- L2 cache: 512 KiB
  Kibibyte
  The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information. The binary prefix kibi means 1024; therefore, 1 kibibyte is . The unit symbol for the kibibyte is KiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 1999 and has been accepted for use...
  
  per core, fullspeed (For Turion II, Athlon II and Sempron II), or
- L2 cache: 1 MiB
  Mebibyte
  The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...
  
  per core, fullspeed (For Turion II Ultra)
Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-800 MHz
MMX, Extended 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, SSE4a, AMD64, PowerNow!
PowerNow!
PowerNow! is speed throttling and power saving technology of AMD's processors used in laptops. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise...

, NX bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...

, AMD-V
Socket S1
Socket S1
Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:...

g3
HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...

(1800 MHz, 3600 MT
Megatransfer
In computer technology, transfers per second and its more common derivatives gigatransfers per second and megatransfers per second are informal language that refer to the number of operations transferring data that occur in each second in some given data-transfer channel. It is also known as...

/s on M6xx/M5xx models, 1600 MHz, 3200 MT
Megatransfer
In computer technology, transfers per second and its more common derivatives gigatransfers per second and megatransfers per second are informal language that refer to the number of operations transferring data that occur in each second in some given data-transfer channel. It is also known as...

/s for M3xx models)
Power consumption (TDP
Thermal Design Power
The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...

): 35 watt max
- Clock rate: 2000 (M1xx, L2 cache 512 KiB
  Kibibyte
  The kibibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for quantities of digital information. The binary prefix kibi means 1024; therefore, 1 kibibyte is . The unit symbol for the kibibyte is KiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 1999 and has been accepted for use...
  
  )
- Clock rate: 2000, 2100, 2200 MHz (M3xx, L2 cache: 1 MiB
  Mebibyte
  The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...
  
  )
- Clock rate: 2200, 2300, 2400 MHz (M5xx, L2 cache: 1 MiB
  Mebibyte
  The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...
  
  )
- Clock rate: 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700 MHz (M6xx, L2 cache: 2 MiB
  Mebibyte
  The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 220, therefore 1 mebibyte is . The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB. The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission in 2000 and has been accepted for use by all major...
  
  )
- 25W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - M100: 2000 MHz - Sempron II Single-Core (only 64 bit FPU)
  - M120: 2100 MHz - Sempron II Single-Core (only 64 bit FPU)
- 35W TDP
  Thermal Design Power
  The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...
  
  :
  - M300: 2000 MHz – Athlon II Dual-Core (only 64 bit FPU)
  - M320: 2100 MHz – Athlon II Dual-Core (only 64 bit FPU)
  - M340: 2200 MHz – Athlon II Dual-Core (only 64 bit FPU)
  - M500: 2200 MHz – Turion II Dual-Core
  - M520: 2300 MHz – Turion II Dual-Core
  - M540: 2400 MHz – Turion II Dual-Core
  - M600: 2400 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core
  - M620: 2500 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core
  - M640: 2600 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core
  - M660: 2700 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core

Champlain

Based on the AMD K10 microarchitecture
AMD K10
The AMD Family 10h is a microprocessor microarchitecture by AMD. Though there were once reports that the K10 had been canceled, the first third-generation Opteron products for servers were launched on September 10, 2007, with the Phenom processors for desktops following and launching on November...
All models support: MMX, SSE
Streaming SIMD Extensions
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series processors as a reply to AMD's 3DNow! . SSE contains 70 new instructions, most of which work on single precision floating point...

, SSE2
SSE2
SSE2, Streaming SIMD Extensions 2, is one of the Intel SIMD processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2001. It extends the earlier SSE instruction set, and is intended to fully supplant MMX. Intel extended SSE2 to create SSE3...

, SSE3
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions , is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revision of their Pentium 4 CPU...

, SSE4a, Enhanced 3DNow!
3DNow!
3DNow! is an extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices . It adds single instruction multiple data instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform simple vector processing, which improves the performance of many graphic-intensive applications...

, NX bit
NX bit
The NX bit, which stands for No eXecute, is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors...

, AMD64, Cool'n'Quiet
Cool'n'Quiet
Cool'n'Quiet is a CPU speed throttling and power saving technology introduced by AMD with its Athlon 64 processor line. It works by reducing the processor's clock rate and voltage when the processor is idle. The aim of this technology is to reduce overall power consumption and lower heat...

, AMD-V
Memory support: DDR3 SDRAM
DDR3 SDRAM
In computing, DDR3 SDRAM, an abbreviation for double data rate type three synchronous dynamic random access memory, is a modern kind of dynamic random access memory with a high bandwidth interface. It is one of several variants of DRAM and associated interface techniques used since the early 1970s...

, DDR3L SDRAM

"Champlain" (45 nm, Dual-core)

Model number	Frequency	L2 cache	FPU width	HT HyperTransport HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...	Multiplier¹	Voltage	TDP Thermal Design Power The thermal design power , sometimes called thermal design point, refers to the maximum amount of power the cooling system in a computer is required to dissipate. For example, a laptop's CPU cooling system may be designed for a 20 watt TDP, which means that it can dissipate up to 20 watts of heat...	Socket!!Release date!!Order part number
Turion II P520	2.3 GHz	2 × 1 MB	128-bit	1.8 GHz	11.5×		25 W	Socket S1 Socket S1 Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006.-Technical specifications:... g4	May 12, 2010	TMP520SGR23GM
Turion II P540	2.4 GHz	2 × 1 MB	128-bit	1.8 GHz	12×		25 W	Socket S1g4	October 4, 2010	TMP540SGR23GM
Turion II P560	2.5 GHz	2 × 1 MB	128-bit	1.8 GHz	12.5×		25 W	Socket S1g4	October 19, 2010	TMP560SGR23GM
Turion II N530	2.5 GHz	2 × 1 MB	128-bit	1.8 GHz	12.5×		35 W	Socket S1g4	May 12, 2010	TMN530DCR23GM
Turion II N550	2.6 GHz	2 × 1 MB	128-bit	1.8 GHz	13×		35 W	Socket S1g4	October 4, 2010	TMN550DCR23GM

External links

AMD official website
Reuters news report on the announcement of the chips
Physorg report on the chip becoming available
AMD Processor Roadmaps for 2007
PCworld Turion based notebooks review
Turion64 Inside Story from Mobility Guru
Acer Aspire 5020 Series Review from www.notebookreview.com
Detailed review at www.anandtech.com
Detailed review at www.gamepc.com by Chris Connolly, 4 April 2005
The Register : AMD, IBM "stress" silicon for 65nm process, by Tony Smith
Silent PC Review: Turion 64 on the Desktop
AMD Competitive Comparison
List of desktop motherboards which support the Turion 64
AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile Technology Product Page
Article from ExtremeTech: AMD Adds Second Core To Turion Notebook Chip
Turion 64 X2 Press release
http://support.amd.com/us/psearch/Pages/psearch.aspx?type=2.2%3b2.3&product=2.2.8&contentType=Tech+Doc+Embedded&ostype=&keywords=&items=20

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.