431

Eastern Roman Empire

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Religion

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Events

By Place

Western Roman Empire

• Aëtius
  Flavius Aëtius
  
  Flavius A?tius or simply A?tius, , dux et patricius, was a Roman Empire general of the closing period of the Western Roman Empire. He was an able military commander and the most influential man of the Western Roman Empire for two decades ....
   pushes the Franks
  Franks
  
  The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
   back across the Somme
  Somme
  
  The Somme is a departments of France of France, located in the north of the country and named after the Somme River. It is part of the Picardie regions of France....
  .

Eastern Roman Empire

• Marcian
  Marcian
  
  Flavius Marcianus, known in English as Marcian, was the List of Byzantine Emperors of the Byzantine Empire from 450 until his death. Marcian's rule marked a recovery of the Eastern Empire, which the emperor protected from external menaces and reformed economically and financially....
  , future Eastern Roman Emperor, is captured while fighting the Vandals
  Vandals
  
  The Vandals were an East Germanic tribe that entered the late Roman Empire during the 5th century. The Goths Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths and regent of the Visigoths, was allied by marriage with the Vandals as well as with the Burgundians and the Franks under Clovis I....
  .

Europe

• Hippo Regius
  Hippo Regius
  
  Hippo Regius is the ancient name of the modern city of Annaba , Algeria. Under this name, it was a major city in Roman Empire Africa, hosting several early Christian councils, and was the home of the philosopher and theologian Augustine of Hippo....
   becomes the capital of the Vandal kingdom.

Americas

• K'uk' B'alam I, the first known ruler of the Mayan city of Palenque
  Palenque
  
  Palenque is a Maya civilization archeological site near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas, located about 130 km south of Ciudad del Carmen ....
  , comes to power.

By Topic

Arts and Sciences

• Greek
  Greek philosophy
  
  Greek philosophy focused on the role of reason and inquiry. Many philosophers today concede that Greek philosophy has shaped the entire Western thought since its inception....
   Neoplatonist philosopher Proclus
  Proclus
  
  Proclus Lycaeus , called "The Successor" or "Diadochos" , was a Greek philosophy Neoplatonist philosophy, one of the last major Classical philosophers ....
   begins studying at the Academy
  Academy
  
  An academy is an institution of higher learning, research, or honorary membership.The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 385 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom, north of Ancient Athens, Greece....
   in Athens
  Athens
  
  Athens , the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery; as one of the List of cities by time of continuous habitation, its recorded history spans around 3,400 years....
  .

Religion

• June — Council of Ephesus
  Council of Ephesus
  
  The First Council of Ephesus was held in 431 at the Church of Mary in Ephesus, Asia Minor. The council was called due to the contentious teachings of Nestorius, bishop of Constantinople....
  : Nestorianism
  Nestorianism
  
  Nestorianism is the doctrine that Christ exists as two ,persons the man Jesus and the divine Son of God, or Jesus Christ the Logos, rather than as two natures of one divine essence....
   is rejected, the Nicene creed
  Nicene Creed
  
  The Nicene Creed is the creed or profession of faith that is most widely used in Christianity liturgy. It is called Nicene because, in its original form, it was adopted in the city of Iznik by the first ecumenical council, which met there in 325....
   is declared to be complete. Nestorius
  Nestorius
  
  Nestorius was Patriarch of Constantinople from 10 April 428 to 22 June 431. He was accused by his political enemy Cyril of Alexandria of a heresy that later bore his name, Nestorianism, because he objected to the popular practice of calling the Virgin Mary the "Mother of God" theotokos; he instead preached that "Mother of Christ" would be m...
   is deposed from his see
  Patriarch of Constantinople
  
  The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is the Archbishop of Constantinople ? New Rome ? ranking as primus inter pares in the Eastern Orthodox Church organization, which is seen by followers as the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church....
  .
• October 1 — Maximianus
  Archbishop Maximianus of Constantinople
  
  Maximianus was the archbishop of Constantinople from 25 October 431 until his death on 12 April 434.Maximianus had led a monastic life and had entered presbyteral orders; his action in building, at his own expense, tombs for the remains of holy men had obtained for him a reputation of sanctity....
   is enthroned as Patriarch of Constantinople
  Patriarch of Constantinople
  
  The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is the Archbishop of Constantinople ? New Rome ? ranking as primus inter pares in the Eastern Orthodox Church organization, which is seen by followers as the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church....
  .
• Pope Celestine I
  Pope Celestine I
  
  Pope Saint Celestine I was pope from 422 until April 6, 432.Celestine I was a Ancient Rome. Nothing is known of his early history except that his father's name was Priscus....
   dispatches Palladius
  Palladius
  
  Palladius was the first Bishop of the Christians of Ireland, preceding Saint Patrick.It is believed that he is the same Palladius that is earlier described as the deacon of Saint Germanus of Auxerre....
   to serve as bishop to the Irish
  Ireland
  
  Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
  .

Births

Deaths

• June 22, Saint Paulinus of Nola
  Paulinus of Nola
  
  Saint Paulinus of Nola or Pontius Meropius Anicius Paulinus was a Roman senate who converted to a severe monasticism in 394. He eventually became Bishop of Nola, helped to resolve the disputed election of Pope Boniface I, and was recognized as a saint....
  , early Christian bishop
  Bishop
  
  A bishop is an ordination or consecration member of the Clergy#Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight....
  , poet
• Qifu Mumo
  Qifu Mumo
  
  Qifu Mumo , courtesy name Anshiba , was the last prince of the History of China/Xianbei state Western Qin. When he succeeded his father Qifu Chipan in 428, Western Qin was already in a state of decline, under incessant attack by Northern Liang, Xia , Tuyuhun, and Chouchi, but under Qifu Mumo, who had a violent temper, Western Qin dec...