1920 in art
Encyclopedia
Events
- The Cologne DadaDadaDada or Dadaism is a cultural movement that began in Zurich, Switzerland, during World War I and peaked from 1916 to 1922. The movement primarily involved visual arts, literature—poetry, art manifestoes, art theory—theatre, and graphic design, and concentrated its anti-war politics through a...
ist group is formed by Jean ArpJean ArpJean Arp / Hans Arp was a German-French, or Alsatian, sculptor, painter, poet and abstract artist in other media such as torn and pasted paper....
, Max ErnstMax ErnstMax Ernst was a German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was one of the primary pioneers of the Dada movement and Surrealism.-Early life:...
and Alfred GrünwaldJohannes Theodor BaargeldJohannes Theodor Baargeld was a pseudonym of Alfred Emanuel Ferdinand Grünwald , a German painter and poet who, together with Max Ernst, founded the Cologne Dada group. He also used the name Zentrodada in connection with Dada.Baargeld was born in Stettin , Prussian Pomerania. He studied...
. - Katherine Dreier, Man RayMan RayMan Ray , born Emmanuel Radnitzky, was an American artist who spent most of his career in Paris, France. Perhaps best described simply as a modernist, he was a significant contributor to both the Dada and Surrealist movements, although his ties to each were informal...
and Marcel DuchampMarcel DuchampMarcel Duchamp was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist movements. Considered by some to be one of the most important artists of the 20th century, Duchamp's output influenced the development of post-World War I Western art...
form Société AnonymeSociété Anonyme (art)Société Anonyme, Inc. was an art organization founded in 1920 by Katherine Dreier, Man Ray and Marcel Duchamp. The society sponsored lectures, concerts, publications, and exhibitions of modern art, including the International Exhibition of Modern Art at the Brooklyn Museum in 1926...
. - Bernard LeachBernard LeachBernard Howell Leach, CBE, CH , was a British studio potter and art teacher. He is regarded as the "Father of British studio pottery"-Biography:...
and Shoji HamadaShoji Hamadawas a Japanese potter. He was a significant influence on studio pottery of the twentieth century, and a major figure of the mingei folk-art movement, establishing the town of Mashiko as a world-renowned pottery centre.- Biography :...
set up the Leach PotteryLeach PotteryThe Leach Pottery was founded in 1920 by Bernard Leach and Shoji Hamada in St Ives, Cornwall, in the United Kingdom.The buildings have grown from an old cow / tin-ore shed in the 19th century to a pottery in the 1920s when Hamada and Leach first attempted to construct a climbing kiln, this was the...
in St Ives, CornwallSt Ives, CornwallSt Ives is a seaside town, civil parish and port in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The town lies north of Penzance and west of Camborne on the coast of the Celtic Sea. In former times it was commercially dependent on fishing. The decline in fishing, however, caused a shift in commercial...
.
Works
- Cecilia BeauxCecilia BeauxCecilia Beaux was an American society portraitist, in the manner of John Singer Sargent. She was a near contemporary of better-known American artist Mary Cassatt and also received her training in Philadelphia and France...
- portrait of Georges ClemenceauGeorges ClemenceauGeorges Benjamin Clemenceau was a French statesman, physician and journalist. He served as the Prime Minister of France from 1906 to 1909, and again from 1917 to 1920. For nearly the final year of World War I he led France, and was one of the major voices behind the Treaty of Versailles at the... - Thomas Hart BentonThomas Hart Benton (painter)Thomas Hart Benton was an American painter and muralist. Along with Grant Wood and John Steuart Curry, he was at the forefront of the Regionalist art movement. His fluid, almost sculpted paintings showed everyday scenes of life in the United States...
- People of Chilmark - Pierre BonnardPierre BonnardPierre Bonnard was a French painter and printmaker, as well as a founding member of Les Nabis.-Biography:...
- Landscape in Normandy - Alexander Stirling CalderAlexander Stirling CalderAlexander Stirling Calder was an American sculptor and teacher; son of the sculptor Alexander Milne Calder, and father of the sculptor Alexander Calder...
- Swann Memorial FountainSwann Memorial FountainThe Swann Memorial Fountain is a fountain sculpture located in the center of Logan Circle in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States....
, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,... - Lovis CorinthLovis CorinthLovis Corinth was a German painter and printmaker whose mature work realized a synthesis of impressionism and expressionism....
- Flowers and Wilhelmine - Stanton MacDonald-Wright - Airplane Synchromy in Yellow-Orange
- Henri MatisseHenri MatisseHenri Matisse was a French artist, known for his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter...
- Interior at Nice - Georg ScholzGeorg ScholzGeorg Scholz was a German realist painter.Scholz was born in Wolfenbüttel and had his artistic training at the Karlsruhe Academy, where his teachers included Hans Thoma and Wilhelm Trübner. He later studied in Berlin under Lovis Corinth...
- Industrial Farmers (Von der Heydt Museum, WuppertalWuppertalWuppertal is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in and around the Wupper river valley, and is situated east of the city of Düsseldorf and south of the Ruhr area. With a population of approximately 350,000, it is the largest city in the Bergisches Land...
) - Mario SironiMario SironiMario Sironi was an Italian modernist artist who was active as a painter, sculptor, illustrator, and designer. His typically somber paintings are characterized by massive, immobile forms.-Biography:...
- Truck
January to June
- January 12 - Bill ReidBill ReidWilliam Ronald Reid, OBC was a Canadian artist whose works included jewelry, sculpture, screen-printing, and painting. His work is featured on the Canadian $20 banknote.-Biography:...
, Canadian artist (d.19981998 in art-Events:*April – Fans of Newcastle United FC decorate the newly-erected Angel of the North sculpture with a giant replica of Alan Shearer's no. 9 shirt...
). - January 17 - Georges PichardGeorges PichardGeorges Pichard was a French comics artist, known for numerous BD magazine covers, serial publications and albums, stereotypically featuring partially exposed voluptuous women.-Biography:...
, French comics artistComics artistA comics artist is an artist working within the comics medium on comic strips, comic books or graphic novels. The term may refer to any number of artists who contribute to produce a work in the comics form, from those who oversee all aspects of the work to those who contribute only a part.-Comic...
(d.20032003 in art-Events:*January 21 – The Spire of Dublin is completed.*May 11 – Benvenuto Cellini's Saliera is stolen from the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna.*November – Gustav Klimt's Landhaus am Attersee sells for $29,128,000.-Full date unknown:...
). - January 30 - Patrick HeronPatrick HeronPatrick Heron , was an English painter, writer and designer, based in St. Ives, Cornwall.- Early life :...
, English painter, writer and designerDesignerA designer is a person who designs. More formally, a designer is an agent that "specifies the structural properties of a design object". In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, such as consumer products, processes, laws, games and graphics, is referred to as a...
(d.19991999 in art-Events:*28 May – After 22 years of restoration work, Leonardo da Vinci's "The Last Supper" is placed back on display in Milan, Italy.*The Stuckism movement is founded by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson.-Works:*Louise Bourgeois – Maman...
). - March 14 - Hank KetchamHank KetchamHenry King "Hank" Ketcham was an American cartoonist who created the Dennis the Menace comic strip, writing and drawing it from 1951 to 1994, when he retired from drawing the daily page and took up painting full time in his studio at his home. He received the Reuben Award for the strip in 1953...
, American cartoonistCartoonistA cartoonist is a person who specializes in drawing cartoons. This work is usually humorous, mainly created for entertainment, political commentary or advertising...
(d.20012001 in art-Events:*1 January – A black monolith measuring approximately 9 feet tall appears in Seattle, Washington's Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous artist in reference to the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey....
). - March 27 - Robin JacquesRobin JacquesRobin Jacques was an illustrator whose work was published in more than 100 novels and children's books in the 20th century. He is notable for his long collaboration with Ruth Manning-Sanders, serving as the illustrator for many of her collections of fairy tales from all over the world...
, English illustratorIllustratorAn Illustrator is a narrative artist who specializes in enhancing writing by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text...
(d.19951995 in art-Works:*Lucian Freud – Benefits Supervisor Sleeping*Eduardo Paolozzi – Newton-Awards:*Archibald Prize – William Robinson, Self-portrait with stunned mullet*Schock Prize in Visual Arts – Claes Oldenburg*Turner Prize – Damien Hirst...
). - April 24 - Paul WonnerPaul WonnerPaul John Wonner was an American artist who was born in Tucson, Arizona. He received a B.A. in 1952, an M.A. in 1953, and an M.L.S. in 1955―all from the University of California, Berkeley...
, American painter (d.20082008 in art-Awards:* Caldecott Medal – Brian Selznick, The Invention of Hugo Cabret* Hugo Boss Prize – Emily Jacir* Doug Moran National Portrait Prize – Fiona Lowry* Rolf Schock Prize in Visual Arts – Mona Hatoum...
). - May 8
- Saul BassSaul BassSaul Bass was a Jewish-American graphic designer and filmmaker, best known for his design of motion picture title sequences....
, American graphic designerGraphic designerA graphic designer is a professional within the graphic design and graphic arts industry who assembles together images, typography or motion graphics to create a piece of design. A graphic designer creates the graphics primarily for published, printed or electronic media, such as brochures and...
and filmmaker (d.19961996 in art-Awards:*Archibald Prize – Wendy Sharpe, Self Portrait as Diana of Erskineville*Jan Amos Comenius Medal – Yaacov Agam, for the "Agam Method" for visual education of young children* The Inaugural Hugo Boss Prize – Matthew Barney...
). - Tom of FinlandTom of FinlandTouko Laaksonen, best known by his pseudonym Tom of Finland was a Finnish artist notable for his stylized androerotic and fetish art and his influence on late twentieth century gay culture. He has been called the "most influential creator of gay pornographic images" by cultural historian Joseph W...
, Finnish fetish artist (d.19911991 in art-Events:*14 April – In the Netherlands, thieves steal 20 paintings worth $500 million from the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Less than an hour later they are found in an abandoned car near the museum.*Opening of the Irish Museum of Modern Art....
).
- Saul Bass
- June 4 - Alejandro ObregónAlejandro ObregónDaniel Alberto Alejandro María de la Santísima Trinidad Obregón Roses commonly known as Alejandro Obregón was a Colombian painter, muralist, sculptor and engraver.-Career:...
, ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
n painter, muralist, sculptor and engraver (d.19921992 in art-Awards:*Archibald Prize: – Bryan Westwood – The Prime Minister *Turner Prize: – Grenville Davey-Works:*Banksy – First graffiti art *Grenville Davey – Hal*Anya Gallaccio – Red on Green...
). - June 24
- John CoplansJohn CoplansJohn Coplans was a British artist. A veteran of World War II and a photographer, he emigrated to the United States in 1960 and had many exhibitions in Europe and North America...
, painter, photographer (d.20032003 in art-Events:*January 21 – The Spire of Dublin is completed.*May 11 – Benvenuto Cellini's Saliera is stolen from the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna.*November – Gustav Klimt's Landhaus am Attersee sells for $29,128,000.-Full date unknown:...
) - Jimmy ErnstJimmy ErnstJimmy Ernst was an American painter born in Germany.-Early life:Jimmy Ernst was born in 1920 in Cologne, Germany, the son of surrealist painter Max Ernst and Luise Straus, a well-known art historian and journalist. His parents divorced in 1922 and Ernst staying with his mother in Cologne...
, American painter born in Germany (d.19841984 in art-Works:*Felim Egan - Battle of Hercules and Antaeus*John Doubleday - Statue of Dylan Thomas -January to June:*6 February - Jimmy Ernst, American painter born in Germany ....
).
- John Coplans
- June 29 - Ray HarryhausenRay HarryhausenRay Harryhausen is an American film producer and special effects creator...
, stop-motion animator, sculptor.
July to December
- July 20 - Arthur BoydArthur BoydArthur Merric Bloomfield Boyd, AC, OBE was one of the leading Australian painters of the late 20th Century. A member of the prominent Boyd artistic dynasty in Australia, his relatives included painters, sculptors, architects or other arts professionals. His sister Mary Boyd married John Perceval,...
, Australian painter and sculptor (d.19991999 in art-Events:*28 May – After 22 years of restoration work, Leonardo da Vinci's "The Last Supper" is placed back on display in Milan, Italy.*The Stuckism movement is founded by Billy Childish and Charles Thomson.-Works:*Louise Bourgeois – Maman...
). - July 21 - Constant NieuwenhuysConstant NieuwenhuysConstant Anton Nieuwenhuys was a Dutch painter, and one of the foremost innovators of Unitary Urbanism. In 1941, he became deeply interested in the work of Paul Cézanne, Cubism and German Expressionism....
, Dutch painter, one of the innovators of Unitary UrbanismUnitary UrbanismUnitary urbanism was the critique of status quo urbanism employed by the Lettrist International and then further developed by the Situationist International between approximately 1953 and 1960....
(d.20052005 in art-Events:*12–27 February, 2005 – Christo and wife Jeanne-Claude create The Gates in New York's Central Park*30 September – Controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.-Awards:...
). - August 5 - George TookerGeorge TookerGeorge Clair Tooker, Jr. was a figurative painter whose works are associated with the Magic realism and Social realism movements...
, painter. - August 22 - Gene DavisGene Davis (painter)Gene Davis was an American painter known especially for his paintings of vertical stripes of color, and was a member of the group of abstract painters in Washington DC during the 1960s known as the Washington Color School....
, American painter (d.19851985 in art-Events:*Charles Saatchi's collection opens to the public, arousing interest in Neo-expressionism-Awards:*Archibald Prize: Guy Warren – Flugelman with Wingman*Turner Prize – Howard Hodgkin-Works:*Wayne Thiebaud – Sunset Streets...
). - August 26
- Mauri FavénMauri FavénProfessor Mauri Favén was a Finnish painter. His uncle was the painter Antti Favén and his grandfather's brother was the painter Aukusti Uotila.-Biography:...
, Finnish painter (d.20062006 in art-Events:*Rembrandt 400: Series of activities to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the birth of Rembrandt.*31 August – The stolen Edvard Munch paintings The Scream and Madonna are recovered in a police raid in Oslo, Norway....
). - Brant Parker, American cartoonistCartoonistA cartoonist is a person who specializes in drawing cartoons. This work is usually humorous, mainly created for entertainment, political commentary or advertising...
(d.20072007 in art-Events:*18 October – In New York City one of the worlds leading art galleries, the Salander-O'Reilly Galleries, is forced into closure on the evening of the opening of a major Caravaggio exhibition, amidst scandal and lawsuits....
).
- Mauri Favén
- October 31 - Helmut NewtonHelmut NewtonHelmut Newton, born Helmut Neustädter was a German-Australian photographer. He was a "prolific, widely imitated fashion photographer whose provocative, erotically charged black-and-white photos were a mainstay of Vogue and other publications."-Early life:Newton was born in Berlin, the son of Klara...
, photographer (d.20042004 in artThe year 2004 in art involved some significant events.-Events:*24 May – A fire in the Momart storage warehouse destroys major works by Helen Chadwick, Tracey Emin, Patrick Heron, Damien Hirst and other British artists.-Awards:...
). - November 23 - Wayne ThiebaudWayne ThiebaudWayne Thiebaud is an American painter whose most famous works are of cakes, pastries, boots, toilets, toys and lipsticks. He is associated with the Pop art movement because of his interest in objects of mass culture, although his works, executed during the fifties and sixties, slightly predate...
, Amreican painter. - December 18 - Enrique GrauEnrique GrauEnrique Grau was a Colombian artist, renowned for his depictions of Amerindian and Afro Colombian figures...
, ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
n painter and sculptor (d.20042004 in artThe year 2004 in art involved some significant events.-Events:*24 May – A fire in the Momart storage warehouse destroys major works by Helen Chadwick, Tracey Emin, Patrick Heron, Damien Hirst and other British artists.-Awards:...
).
Full date unknown
- Elaine HamiltonElaine Hamilton-O'NealElaine Hamilton-O'Neal, , professionally known as Elaine Hamilton, was an internationally known American abstract painter and muralist born near Catonsville, Maryland...
, painter. - Daniel O'Neill, IrishIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
painter (d.19741974 in art-Births:* 31 May - Adrian Tomine, American cartoonist.* 16 June - Paul Lee, English artist.* 1 September - Jhonen Vasquez, American comic book artist, cartoonist and writer.* 8 November - Masashi Kishimoto, Japanese manga artist....
).
Deaths
- January 24 - Amedeo ModiglianiAmedeo ModiglianiAmedeo Clemente Modigliani was an Italian painter and sculptor who worked mainly in France. Primarily a figurative artist, he became known for paintings and sculptures in a modern style characterized by mask-like faces and elongation of form...
, painter and sculptor (b. 18841884 in art-Works:*Edvard Munch - Morning*Georges-Pierre Seurat - Bathers at Asnières-Births:*5 February - Vlastislav Hofman, Czech painter and architect -Works:*Edvard Munch - Morning*Georges-Pierre Seurat - Bathers at Asnières-Births:*5 February - Vlastislav Hofman, Czech painter and architect...
) - January 26 - Jeanne HébuterneJeanne HébuterneJeanne Hébuterne was a French artist, best known as the frequent subject and common-law wife of the artist Amedeo Modigliani.- Early life :...
, artist, Modigliani's mistress and model (suicide) (b. 18981898 in art-Paintings:*Herbert James Draper – The Lament for Icarus*Paul Gauguin – The White Horse *Edvard Munch – Metabolism-January to June:*3 February – Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect and designer...
) - March 15 - Edith HoldenEdith HoldenEdith Blackwell Holden was a British artist and art teacher. She became famous following the posthumous publication of her Nature Notes for 1906, in facsimile form, as the book The Country Diary of an Edwardian Lady in 1977, which was an enormous publishing success, frequently given as a gift...
, nature artist and art teacher (b. 18711871 in art-Paintings:*The Narrows, Lake George by Daniel Huntington*The Old Stagecoach by Eastman Johnson*The Harbour at Bordeaux by Édouard Manet *The Barricade by Édouard Manet...
) - March 26 - Samuel ColmanSamuel ColmanSamuel Colman was an American painter, interior designer, and writer, probably best remembered for his paintings of the Hudson River....
, painter and designer (b. 18321832 in art-Awards:*Prix de Rome**for painting – Antoine Wiertz**for sculpture – François Jouffroy-Works:*Hokusai – The Great Wave off Kanagawa-Births:*January 6 – Gustave Doré, French illustrator *January 23 – Édouard Manet, French painter,...
) - April 27 - Jacob UngererJacob UngererJacob Ungerer was a German sculptor and Professor of Fine Arts.-Life:Jacob Ungerer was born and died in Munich-Untersendling. On his father's side he descended from a family of Munich Cafetiers and brewery owners who had grown rich in the 19th Century and who had become technical pioneers Jacob...
, sculptor (b. 18401840 in art-Works:*Francis Danby – The Deluge*Eugène Delacroix – Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople *Edwin Landseer – Laying Down The Law, or Trial by Jury...
) - August 4 - C. G. Finch-DaviesC. G. Finch-DaviesClaude Gibney Finch-Davies was a British soldier, ornithologist and painter who produced a series of paintings of birds of South Africa in the early part of the 20th century.-Life history:...
, bird painter (b. 18751875 in art-Paintings:*Gustave Caillebotte - Floor-scrapers *Jean-Paul Laurens - L'Excommunication de Robert le Pieux ...
) - August 6 - Edward Francis SearlesEdward Francis SearlesEdward Francis Searles was an interior and architectural designer.-Biography:Searles was born on July 4, 1841, in Methuen, Massachusetts, USA to Jesse Gould Searles and Sarah Searles...
, interior designer (b. 18411841 in art-Events:*American artist John G. Rand invents the collapsible zinc oil paint tube, marketed by Winsor & Newton of London.*John Ruskin publishes The King of the Golden River, with illustrations by Richard Doyle.-Births:...
) - August 12 - Walter WinansWalter WinansWalter W. Winans was an American marksman, horse breeder, sculptor, and painter who participated in the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics. He won two medals for shooting: a gold in 1908 and a silver in 1912. He also won a gold medal for his sculpture An American Trotter at Stockholm in 1912...
, sculptor and painter (b. 18521852 in art-Works:*Gustave Courbet - Village Damsels and A Girl Spinning*William Holman Hunt - The Light of the World*Sir John Everett Millais - Ophelia-Births:*April 1 - Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter and illustrator...
) - August 22 - Anders ZornAnders ZornAnders Leonard Zorn was one of Sweden’s foremost artists who obtained international success as a painter, sculptor and printmaker in etching.-Biography:...
, Swedish portrait painter (b. 18601860 in art-Awards:* Grand Prix de Rome, painting:* Grand Prix de Rome, sculpture:* Grand Prix de Rome, architecture:* Grand Prix de Rome, music: Emile Paladilhe.-Works:*Hiroshige II – Mushroom gathering at Kumano in Kishū*Lawrence Alma-Tadema - A Bargain...
) - September 24 - Peter Carl FabergéPeter Carl FabergéPeter Karl Fabergé also known as Karl Gustavovich Fabergé in Russia was a Russian jeweller of Baltic German-Danish and French origin, best known for the famous Fabergé eggs, made in the style of genuine Easter eggs, but using precious metals and gemstones rather than more mundane materials.-Early...
, jeweller (b. 18461846 in art-Works:*Thomas Cole – Catskill Landscape*Louis Hersent – Portrait of Delphine Gay*Edward Hicks – Noah's Ark*Jean-François Millet – Prometheus Unbound*George Frederic Watts – Paolo and Francesca-Births:...
) - November 13 - Luc-Olivier MersonLuc-Olivier MersonLuc-Olivier Merson was a French academic painter and illustrator also known for his postage stamp and currency designs....
, French painter (b. 18461846 in art-Works:*Thomas Cole – Catskill Landscape*Louis Hersent – Portrait of Delphine Gay*Edward Hicks – Noah's Ark*Jean-François Millet – Prometheus Unbound*George Frederic Watts – Paolo and Francesca-Births:...
) - date unknown
- Edith CorbetEdith CorbetEdith Corbet , was a Victorian landscape painter, having close associations with the Macchiaioli group , who, in a break with tradition, painted outdoors in order to capture natural light effects and favoured a panoramic format for their paintings...
, landscape painter (b. 18461846 in art-Works:*Thomas Cole – Catskill Landscape*Louis Hersent – Portrait of Delphine Gay*Edward Hicks – Noah's Ark*Jean-François Millet – Prometheus Unbound*George Frederic Watts – Paolo and Francesca-Births:...
) - Briton RivièreBriton RivièreBriton Rivière was an artist born in London, England, of Hugenout descent.His father, William Rivière, was for some years drawing-master at Cheltenham College, and afterwards an art teacher at Oxford University. He was educated at Cheltenham College and at Oxford, where he took his degree in 1867...
, painter (b. 18401840 in art-Works:*Francis Danby – The Deluge*Eugène Delacroix – Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople *Edwin Landseer – Laying Down The Law, or Trial by Jury...
)
- Edith Corbet