14th century in poetry
Encyclopedia
Works
- Old Hungarian 'Lamentations of Mary'Old Hungarian 'Lamentations of Mary'The Old Hungarian Lamentations of Mary is the oldest extant Hungarian poem, copied in about 1300 into a Latin codex, similarly to the first coherent written Hungarian text , which was written down between 1192 and 1195...
, first Hungarian poem, is transcribed at the beginning of the century - Erikskronikan ("Eric's Chronicle"), 1320–1321, Sweden
- 1398 – Anselm TurmedaAnselm TurmedaAnselm Turmeda or Abd-Allah at-Tarjuman was a Majorcan writer born in Palma in 1355 and died in Tunis in 1423. Early in his life he was a Franciscan friar, but converted later to Islam from Christianity and lived in Tunis. He is one of few writers who have written in Arabic and a European...
, also known as "Abd-Allah at-Tarjuman" عبد الله الترجمان , Llibre dels bons amonestaments SpanishSpanish poetrySpanish poetry is the poetic tradition of Spain. It may include elements of Spanish literature, and literatures written in languages of Spain other than Castilian, such as Catalan literature....
work by a poet who later converted to Islam and wrote in Arabic
British Isles
- Hendregadredd manuscriptHendregadredd manuscriptThe Hendregadredd Manuscript , is a medieval Welsh manuscript containing an anthology of the poetry of the "Poets of the Princes"; it was written during the period between 1282 and 1350...
, containing the Welsh Poetry of the Princes anthology, and the Red Book of HergestRed Book of HergestThe Red Book of Hergest is a large vellum manuscript written shortly after 1382, which ranks as one of the most important medieval manuscripts written in the Welsh language. It preserves a collection of Welsh prose and poetry, notably the tales of the Mabinogion, Gogynfeirdd poetry...
, another important Welsh literary manuscript. - The pearl poetPearl PoetThe "Pearl Poet", or the "Gawain Poet", is the name given to the author of Pearl, an alliterative poem written in 14th-century Middle English. Its author appears also to have written the poems Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Patience, and Cleanness; some scholars suggest the author may also have...
wrote Sir Gawain and the Green KnightSir Gawain and the Green KnightSir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English alliterative romance outlining an adventure of Sir Gawain, a knight of King Arthur's Round Table. In the poem, Sir Gawain accepts a challenge from a mysterious warrior who is completely green, from his clothes and hair to his...
in Northern EnglandNorthern EnglandNorthern England, also known as the North of England, the North or the North Country, is a cultural region of England. It is not an official government region, but rather an informal amalgamation of counties. The southern extent of the region is roughly the River Trent, while the North is bordered...
in the second half of the century. - Barbour composed The BrusThe BrusThe Brus is a long narrative poem of just under 14,000 octosyllabic lines composed by John Barbour which gives a historic and chivalric account of the actions of Robert the Bruce and the Black Douglas in the Scottish Wars of Independence during a period from the circumstances leading up the English...
in 1375, the earliest poem in vernacular ScotsEarly ScotsEarly Scots describes the emerging literary language of the Northern Middle English speaking parts of Scotland in the period before 1450. The northern forms of Middle English descended from Northumbrian Old English...
. - Canterbury Tales of Chaucer composed in South East EnglandSouth East EnglandSouth East England is one of the nine official regions of England, designated in 1994 and adopted for statistical purposes in 1999. It consists of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, East Sussex, Hampshire, Isle of Wight, Kent, Oxfordshire, Surrey and West Sussex...
the final decades of the century.
Arab world
- Ibn JuzayyIbn JuzayyAbū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ahmad Ibn Juzayy al-Kalbi was a scholar, writer of poetry, history, and law from Al-Andalus. He is also known as the writer who dictated the travels of Ibn Battuta...
(1321–1340) - Safi al-din al-Hilli, (died c. 1339)
- Ibn Nubatah al-Misri, (died 1366)
- Anselm TurmedaAnselm TurmedaAnselm Turmeda or Abd-Allah at-Tarjuman was a Majorcan writer born in Palma in 1355 and died in Tunis in 1423. Early in his life he was a Franciscan friar, but converted later to Islam from Christianity and lived in Tunis. He is one of few writers who have written in Arabic and a European...
, also known as "Abd-Allah at-Tarjuman" (1355–1423), Catalan SpanishSpanish poetrySpanish poetry is the poetic tradition of Spain. It may include elements of Spanish literature, and literatures written in languages of Spain other than Castilian, such as Catalan literature....
, then ArabicArabic poetryArabic poetry is the earliest form of Arabic literature. Present knowledge of poetry in Arabic dates from the 6th century, but oral poetry is believed to predate that. Arabic poetry is categorized into two main types, rhymed, or measured, and prose, with the former greatly preceding the latter...
poet
Persian-language poets
- Hafiz, poet (born about 1310-1325)
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, Jewish convert into Islam (1247-1318)
- Khosravi DehlaviAmir KhusroAb'ul Hasan Yamīn ud-Dīn Khusrow , better known as Amīr Khusrow Dehlawī , was an Indian musician, scholar and poet. He was an iconic figure in the cultural history of the Indian subcontinent...
,(from IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
) - Shams e Tabrizi
- Khwaju KermaniKhwaju KermaniKhwaju Kermani whose full name is Abu’l-ʿAṭā Kamāl-al-Din Maḥmud b. ʿAli b. Maḥmud Morshedi was a famous Persian poet and Sufi mystic from Persia.-Life:He was born in Kerman, Iran in 24 December 1290....
- Mahmud ShabistariMahmud ShabistariMahmūd Shabistarī is one of the most celebrated Persian Sufi poets of the 14th century.-Life and work:Shabistari was born in the town of Shabestar near Tabriz in 1288 , where he received his education. He became deeply versed in the symbolic terminology of Ibn Arabi...
- Obeid Zakani
- Meulana Shahin ShiraziMeulana Shahin ShiraziMeulana Shahin Shirazi was a Persian Jewish poet of the 14th century.He put the Pentateuch into Persian verse under the title Musa Nameh, an imitation of the famous Shah nameh in style....
- Junayd ShiraziJunayd ShiraziMo'in al-Din Junayd ibn Mahmud ibn Muhammad Baghnovi Shirazi was a Sufi mystic and poet of Persia from the 14th century.He has two works, namely, a divan, and Shadd al-Izar . The latter work contains the biographies of over three hundred famous persons buried in Shiraz, Iran.-References:* E.G....
- Kamal ad-Din of Isfahan کمال الدین اصفهانی
- Jamal ad-Din Esfahani جمال الدین اصفهانی
- Auhadi-e-Maraghehei
- Ghiyathu'd-Din ibn Rashid'ud-Din
- Shah Nimatullah
Japanese works published
Imperial poetry anthologies:- Gyokuyō Wakashū
- Shokusenzai Wakashū
- Shokugoshūi Wakashū
- Fūga Wakashū
- Shinsenzai Wakashū
- Shinshūi Wakashū
- Shingoshūi Wakashū
Japanese poets
- Asukai GayuAsukai Gayuwas a Kamakura period nobleman and poet. He lived in Kamakura and occupied a high position in the .Eighty six of his poems are represented in the official collection . He also has a personal collection, ....
飛鳥井雅有, also known as "Asukai Masaari" (12411241 in poetry-Events:*Peire Bremon Ricas Novas and Sordello attack each other in a string of sirventes-Deaths:* September 26 – Fujiwara no Teika 藤原定家, also known as "Fujiwara no Sadaie" or "Sada-ie" , a widely venerated, Japanese waka poet and extremely influential critic; also a scribe, scholar and...
–1301), Kamakura periodKamakura periodThe is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura Shogunate, officially established in 1192 in Kamakura by the first shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo....
nobleman and poet; has 86 poems in the official anthology Shokukokin Wakashū - Chūgan EngetsuChugan Engetsu, Japanese poet, occupies a prominent place in Japanese Literature of the Five Mountains, literature in Chinese written in Japan. Chugan's achievement was his mastery of this difficult medium, a signal of the ripening of Five Mountains poetry and prose in Japan. He was born in Kamakura of a family...
(1300–1375), poet and Zen Buddhist monk of the Rinzai sect who headed many Zen establishments - Eifuku-mon InEifuku-mon Inor was a celebrated Japanese poet of the Kamakura period, and a consort of the 92nd emperor, Fushimi. She was a member of the , and her work appears in the Gyokuyōshū.-References:...
永福門院, also written "Eifuku Mon'in", also known as Saionji Shōko 西園寺しょう子, 西園寺鏱子 (12711271 in poetry-Births:* Eifuku-mon In , Japanese poet of the Kamakura period and member of the Kyōgoku school of verse* Awhadi of Maragheh , Persian...
–1342) Kamakura periodKamakura periodThe is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura Shogunate, officially established in 1192 in Kamakura by the first shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo....
poet and a consort of the 92nd emperor, FushimiEmperor FushimiEmperor Fushimi was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession...
; she belonged to the Kyōgoku school of verse; has poems in the Gyokuyōshū anthology - IkkyūIkkyuwas an eccentric, iconoclastic Japanese Zen Buddhist monk and poet. He had a great impact on the infusion of Japanese art and literature with Zen attitudes and ideals.-Childhood:...
一休宗純, Ikkyū Sōjun (1394–1481), eccentric, iconic, Rinzai Zen Buddhist priest, poet and sometime mendicant flute player who influenced Japanese art and literature with an infusion of Zen attitudes and ideals; one of the creators of the formal Japanese tea ceremonyJapanese tea ceremonyThe Japanese tea ceremony, also called the Way of Tea, is a Japanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of matcha, powdered green tea. In Japanese, it is called . The manner in which it is performed, or the art of its performance, is called...
; well-known to Japanese children through various stories and the subject of a popular Japanese children's television program; made a character in animeAnimeis the Japanese abbreviated pronunciation of "animation". The definition sometimes changes depending on the context. In English-speaking countries, the term most commonly refers to Japanese animated cartoons....
fiction - Jakushitsu GenkōJakushitsu Genkowas a Japanese Rinzai master, poet, flute player, and first abbot of Eigen-ji . His poetry is considered to be among the finest of Zen poetry. He traveled to China and studied Ch'an with masters of the Linji school from 1320 to 1326, then returned to Japan and lived for many years as a hermit...
寂室元光 (12901290 in poetry-Births:* Jyotirishwar Thakur , Sanskrit poet and an early Maithili writer* Jakushitsu Genkō , Japanese Rinzai master, poet, flute player, and first abbot of Eigen-ji...
–1367), Rinzai Zen master, poet, flute player, and first abbot of Eigen-jiEigen-jiis one of fourteen autonomous branches of the Rinzai school of Japanese Zen, founded in 1361 by the lord of Ōmi province—Sasaki Ujiyori. The temple is located in modern day Higashiōmi, Shiga prefecture of Japan, and its first Abbot was the famous poet and roshi Jakushitsu Genko...
, which was constructed solely for him to teach Zen - JienJienJien was a Japanese poet, historian, and Buddhist monk.-Biography:Jien was the son Fujiwara no Tadamichi, a member of the Fujiwara family of powerful aristocrats. He joined a Buddhist monastery of the Tendai sect early in his life, first taking the Buddhist name Dokaie, and later changing it to...
慈円 (1155–12251225 in poetry-Births:* Paio Gomes Charinho , poet and troubadour* Guan Hanqing , Chinese playwright and poet in the Yuan Dynasty* Shem-Tov ibn Falaquera , Hebrew poet in Al-Andalus-See also:* Poetry* List of years in poetry...
) poet, historian, and Buddhist monk - Jinzai KiyoshiJinzai Kiyoshiwas a Japanese novelist, translator and literary critic active during the Shōwa period of Japan.-Early life:Jinzai was born in Tokyo; his father was an official in the Home Ministry. As his father was frequently transferred, as a child Jinzai lived in many locations around Japan, the longest period...
神西清 (19031903 in poetryNationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature .-Canada:* Bliss Carman, From the Green Book of Bards* E. Pauline Johnson, also known as "Tekahionwake", Canadian Born...
–19571957 in poetryNationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature .-Events:* Howl obscenity trial in San Francisco brings significant attention to beat poetry, Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Allen Ginsberg...
) Showa periodShowa periodThe , or Shōwa era, is the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of the Shōwa Emperor, Hirohito, from December 25, 1926 through January 7, 1989.The Shōwa period was longer than the reign of any previous Japanese emperor...
novelist, translator, literary critic, poet and playwright - MunenagaMunenaga, an imperial prince and a poet of the Nijō poetic school of Nanboku-chō period, mostly known for his compilation of the Shin'yō Wakashū....
宗良 親王 (1311 – c. 1385) Nanboku-chō period imperial princeShinnokewas the collective name for the four cadet branches of the Imperial Household of Japan, which were until 1947 entitled to provide a successor to the Chrysanthemum throne if the main line failed to produce an heir...
(eighth son of Emperor Godaigo) and poet of the Nijō poetic schoolNijo poetic schoolThe refers to descendants of Fujiwara no Tameie's eldest son, Nijō Tameuji . The family name took after Nijō district of Kyoto where the family had resided. This hereditary house of Japanese waka poetry is generally known for its conservative slant toward the politics and poetics aimed at...
who is known for his compilation of the Shin'yō WakashūShin'yo WakashuThe is a Nanboku-chō period collection of Japanese poetry compiled by Munenaga Shinnō ca. 1381. Although commissioned by Emperor Chōkei of the Southern Court, it is not included in the Nijūichidaishū, i.e., the twenty-one imperial anthologies for political reasons – the "official"...
poetry anthology - Sesson YūbaiSesson Yubaiwas a Japanese Zen Buddhist monk of the Rinzai sect. This priest and poet who is considered "the first important poet of the Five Mountains.-In China:...
雪村友梅 (12901290 in poetry-Births:* Jyotirishwar Thakur , Sanskrit poet and an early Maithili writer* Jakushitsu Genkō , Japanese Rinzai master, poet, flute player, and first abbot of Eigen-ji...
–1348), poet and Buddhist priest of the Rinzai sect who founded temples - ShōtetsuShotetsuShōtetsu was a Japanese poet during the Muromachi period, and is considered to have been the last poet in the courtly waka tradition ; a number of his disciples were important in the development of the renga art form, which led to the haiku....
正徹 (1381–1459), considered by some the last great poet in the courtly wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
tradition; his disciples were important in the development of rengaRenga' is a genre of Japanese collaborative poetry. A renga consists of at least two or stanzas, usually many more. The opening stanza of the renga, called the , became the basis for the modern haiku form of poetry....
, which led to haikuHaiku' , plural haiku, is a very short form of Japanese poetry typically characterised by three qualities:* The essence of haiku is "cutting"... - Ton'aTon'a, also spelled as Tonna; lay name – Nikaidō Sadamune 二階堂貞宗. A Japanese Buddhist poet, student of Nijō Tameyo 二条為世. Ton'a took a tonsure at Enryaku-ji Temple, but was later associated with the Ji sect 時宗 . He looked up to Saigyō's poetic genius...
頓阿 also spelled as "Tonna"; lay name: Nikaidō Sadamune 二階堂貞宗 (12891289 in poetry-Events:*Joan Esteve wrote Planhen ploran ab desplazer, a planh for Guilhem de Lodeva, the French admiral...
–1372), poet and Buddhist monk
Other in East Asia
- Yi SaekYi SaekYi Saek , also known as Mokeun, is a Korean writer and poet. His family belonged to the Hansan Yi clan. Yi Saek played a crucial role in the introduction and localisation of philosophy of Zhu Xi...
(1328–1395), KoreaKorean poetryKorean poetry is poetry performed or written in the Korean language or by Korean people. Traditional Korean poetry is often sung in performance. Until the 20th century, much of Korean poetry was written in Hanja and later Hangul.- History :... - U Tak (1262–1342), KoreaKorean poetryKorean poetry is poetry performed or written in the Korean language or by Korean people. Traditional Korean poetry is often sung in performance. Until the 20th century, much of Korean poetry was written in Hanja and later Hangul.- History :...
South Asia
- Nund Reshi (1377–1440), IndianIndian poetryIndian poetry, and Indian literature in general, has a long history dating back to Vedic times. They were written in various Indian languages such as Vedic Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit, Oriya, Tamil, Kannada, Bengali and Urdu. Poetry in foreign languages such as Persian and English also have a...
, Kashmiri-language poet