Vincent van Gogh chronology
Encyclopedia
This is a chronology
of the artist Vincent van Gogh
. It is based as far as possible on Van Gogh's correspondence. However, it has only been possible to construct the chronology by drawing on additional sources. Most of his letters are not dated, and it was only in 1973 that a sufficient dating was established by Jan Hulsker
, subsequently revised by Ronald Pickvance and marginally corrected by others. Many other relevant dates in the chronology derive from the biographies of his brother Theo
, his uncle and godfather Cent, his friends Émile Bernard
and Paul Gauguin
, and others.
Facts and dates which are undisputed (see Resources), remain unreferenced.
:
1850 1851 1852 1853 1855 1857 1859
1861 1862 1864 1866 1867 1868 1869
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
1890 1891
Footnotes
References
External links
Chronology
Chronology is the science of arranging events in their order of occurrence in time, such as the use of a timeline or sequence of events. It is also "the determination of the actual temporal sequence of past events".Chronology is part of periodization...
of the artist Vincent van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh
Vincent Willem van Gogh , and used Brabant dialect in his writing; it is therefore likely that he himself pronounced his name with a Brabant accent: , with a voiced V and palatalized G and gh. In France, where much of his work was produced, it is...
. It is based as far as possible on Van Gogh's correspondence. However, it has only been possible to construct the chronology by drawing on additional sources. Most of his letters are not dated, and it was only in 1973 that a sufficient dating was established by Jan Hulsker
Jan Hulsker
Jan Hulsker studied Dutch literature in Leiden and was promoted with a thesis on the author Aart van der Leeuw....
, subsequently revised by Ronald Pickvance and marginally corrected by others. Many other relevant dates in the chronology derive from the biographies of his brother Theo
Theo van Gogh (art dealer)
Theodorus "Theo" van Gogh was a Dutch art dealer. He was the younger brother of Vincent van Gogh, and Theo's unfailing financial and emotional support allowed his brother to devote himself entirely to painting...
, his uncle and godfather Cent, his friends Émile Bernard
Émile Bernard
Émile Henri Bernard is known as a Post-Impressionist painter who had artistic friendships with Van Gogh, Gauguin and Eugene Boch, and at a later time, Cézanne. Most of his notable work was accomplished at a young age, in the years 1886 through 1897. He is also associated with Cloisonnism and...
and Paul Gauguin
Paul Gauguin
Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin was a leading French Post-Impressionist artist. He was an important figure in the Symbolist movement as a painter, sculptor, print-maker, ceramist, and writer...
, and others.
Facts and dates which are undisputed (see Resources), remain unreferenced.
:
1850 1851 1852 1853 1855 1857 1859
1861 1862 1864 1866 1867 1868 1869
1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879
1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
1890 1891
Footnotes
References
External links
1850
- November 6: Vincent van Gogh (Uncle Cent) married Cornelia Carbentus, in The Hague.
1851
- May 21: Ds. Theodorus van Gogh, since 1849 pastore in Groot-Zundert, marries Anna Cornelia Carbentus, his sister-in-law, in The Hague.
1853
- March 30: Vincent Willem van Gogh, called Vincent, is born in Groot-Zundert (today ZundertZundertZundert is a municipality and a town in Noord Brabant, the Netherlands.Zundert lies about 10 metres above Dutch sea level , and is located 15 km south-west of the city of Breda, and 35 km north-east of Antwerp, Belgium...
).
1857
- May 1: brother Theodorus van Gogh, called TheoTheo van Gogh (art dealer)Theodorus "Theo" van Gogh was a Dutch art dealer. He was the younger brother of Vincent van Gogh, and Theo's unfailing financial and emotional support allowed his brother to devote himself entirely to painting...
, is born.
1866
- August: leaves Zevenbergen.
- September 3: enters secondary school at Tilburg.
1872
- January 29: Uncle Cent, until then one of three shareholders of Goupil & Cie., retires from business, but continues holding his share, now 6/30 (and formerly 1/3?); Adolphe and Albert Goupil hold 7/30 each, and Léon Goupil 10/30.
1873
- January 1: Theo starts apprenticeship with Goupil & Cie, BrusselsBrusselsBrussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
. - February 19: the lot to serve in the army has fallen on Vincent, but father bought him out (and therefore, according to Dutch law, his younger brothers Theo and Cor, too).
- May 12: Vincent leaves for ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
where he visits the Paris branches of Goupil & Cie, the annual Salon and the Musée du LuxembourgMusée du LuxembourgMusée du Luxembourg is a museum in Paris, France. It occupies the east wing of the Palais du Luxembourg, whose matching west wing originally housed Ruben's Marie de' Medici cycle. Since 2000 it has been run by the French Ministry of Culture and the Senate and is devoted to temporary exhibitions...
. - a week later: takes up work at the LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
branch of Goupil & Cie; it is not known where he first lodged. - August: moves to the house of Ursula Loyer and her daughter Eugenie in Brixton, 87 Hackford RoadHackford RoadHackford Road is a road in Brixton, Lambeth, south London, England. It runs north-south and is located between Clapham Road to the west and Brixton Road to the east. To the north is the Oval tube station....
.
1874
- June 27 - July 15: summer holiday with his family in Helvoirt.
- August: moves to Kennington (Ivy Cottage, 395 Kennington Road).
- November: on the demand of Uncle Cent, Vincent is transferred to Paris to get acquainted with the headquarters of Goupil & Cie.
- November 26: Jet Carbentus, a cousin of Vincent, marries Anton MauveAnton MauveAnthonij Rudolf Mauve was a Dutch realist painter who was a leading member of the Hague School. He signed his paintings 'A. Mauve' or with a monogrammed 'A.M.'. He was a very significant early influence on his cousin-in-law Vincent van Gogh.Most of Mauve's work depicts people and animals in...
. - Christmas: with his family in Helvoirt.
1875
- January 2: returns to London.
- May 24: Goupil's London opens its first exhibition.
- end of May: Vincent is re-transferred to Paris head quarters.
- October 18: Van Gogh's family moves to EttenEttenEtten may refer to:* Etten-Leur, the Netherlands* Etten , a village* Nick Etten , an American baseball player...
. - Christmas: with his family in Etten.
- December 30: visits Uncle C. M. in the Hague to talk about his future.
- December 31: father thinks he has to advise Vincent to resign.
1876
- January 4: back to Paris, a talk with Léon Boussod ends with Van Gogh's resignation.
- March 30: his last day at Goupil's.
- March 31: returns to Etten for a fortnight.
- April 7: Theo, too, is on visit in Etten.
- April 14: Vincent leaves for England.
- April 16: arrives at RamsgateRamsgateRamsgate is a seaside town in the district of Thanet in east Kent, England. It was one of the great English seaside towns of the 19th century and is a member of the ancient confederation of Cinque Ports. It has a population of around 40,000. Ramsgate's main attraction is its coastline and its main...
to teach at the school of William Stokes, 6 Royal Road; he lodges nearby at 11 Spencer Square. - June: Stokes transfers his school to Linkfield House, 183 Twickenham Road, IsleworthIsleworthIsleworth is a small town of Saxon origin sited within the London Borough of Hounslow in west London, England. It lies immediately east of the town of Hounslow and west of the River Thames and its tributary the River Crane. Isleworth's original area of settlement, alongside the Thames, is known as...
. - July 3: Van Gogh moves to the school of Reverend Thomas Slade-Jones (1829–1883) at Holme Court, 158 Twickenham Road, Isleworth.
- September 26:Theo misses work because he has fallen seriously ill.
- October 23:Theo, still ill, and his mother travel to Etten.
- October 29: Vincent's first sermon at Richmond Methodist Church.
- November 16:Theo finally well enough to leave Etten.
- Christmas: Vincent returns to EttenEttenEtten may refer to:* Etten-Leur, the Netherlands* Etten , a village* Nick Etten , an American baseball player...
.
1877
- January to May: works as a bookseller's assistant in DordrechtDordrechtDordrecht , colloquially Dordt, historically in English named Dort, is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the fourth largest city of the province, having a population of 118,601 in 2009...
. - May 14: moves to AmsterdamAmsterdamAmsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
to study for entrance into the university.
1878
- ?: Uncle Cent withdraws his shares from Goupil & Cie.
- March: Tersteeg has recommended Theo to assist Goupil & Cie in Paris during the World FairExposition Universelle (1878)The third Paris World's Fair, called an Exposition Universelle in French, was held from 1 May through to 10 November 1878. It celebrated the recovery of France after the 1870 Franco-Prussian War.-Construction:...
. - July 5: Vincent abandons studies and returns to Etten.
- July 16–17: father introduces Vincent to the governors of the Evangelical College (Vlaamse opleidingsschool) in Laeken, near Brussels, accompanied by Reverend Jones. (One of six founders in 1875 was Abraham van der Waeyen PieterszenAbraham van der Waeyen PieterszenAbraham van der Waeyen Pieterszen was a Dutch-born painter, trained in Antwerp. From 1844 Pieterszen worked as a deacon, later as a preacher for the Protestant Union of Belgium in Antwerp, Brussels, Mecheln and Leuven, finally in Maria-Horebeke...
). - 24 August: having postponed his departure to assist at the wedding of his sister Anna (August 21), Vincent moves to Laeken.
- October 27: C. M. Vos, husband of Kee Vos Stricker, dies.
- December: fails exams.
- December 26: turns to the Committee (Comité d'Evangélisation) and asks to be accepted for the Borinage.
1879
- January: for 6 months on trial, Vincent is accepted to do evangelical work in the Borinage.
- late June: Vincent learns his temporary contract will not be renewed; he is given three months to find something else.
- July 31: his contract ends.
- August 1: next day, Vincent sets out on a first walk to find employment, all across the Borinage up to the North. Finally, in Tournai, he shifts to North-east to visit Reverend Abraham van der Waeyen PieterszenAbraham van der Waeyen PieterszenAbraham van der Waeyen Pieterszen was a Dutch-born painter, trained in Antwerp. From 1844 Pieterszen worked as a deacon, later as a preacher for the Protestant Union of Belgium in Antwerp, Brussels, Mecheln and Leuven, finally in Maria-Horebeke...
in Maria-Hoorebeeke, but when he arrives on Sunday afternoon (August 3), Pieterszen is out for some days in Brussels, where they meet on Monday morning (August 4). - August 5: he is in CuesmesCuesmesCuesmes is a village near the Belgian town Mons in the province of Hainaut. The artist Vincent Van Gogh was a resident....
"again," close to MonsMonsMons is a Walloon city and municipality located in the Belgian province of Hainaut, of which it is the capital. The Mons municipality includes the old communes of Cuesmes, Flénu, Ghlin, Hyon, Nimy, Obourg, Baudour , Jemappes, Ciply, Harmignies, Harveng, Havré, Maisières, Mesvin, Nouvelles,...
; as Theo is expected to pass Mons by train soon, Vincent asks his brother to meet there. - August ?: spends a day with Theo, leaves for WasmesWasmesWasmes is a village in the municipality of Colfontaine in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.Vincent van Gogh lived there for a while in 1880....
in the evening where he is lodged by J. B. Denis, Rue du Petit Wasmes à Wasmes (Hainaut). - August 15 Vincent arrives back at Etten to stay with his parents.
1880
- Spring ???: stays with family at Etten
- March 11: Vincent is still with his parents.
- mid March ???: when father tries to put him to an asylum (Gheel), he escapes to Cuesmes.
- end March ???: Vincent sets out on a second walk to find employment in the Borinage; in the end he walks to CourrièresCourrièresCourrières is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France.-Geography:An ex-coalmining commune, now a light industrial and farming town, situated some northeast of Lens, at the junction of the D46 and D919 roads and next to the A1 autoroute...
and goes to visit Jules BretonJules Adolphe Aimé Louis BretonJules Adolphe Aimé Louis Breton was a 19th-century French Realist painter. His paintings are heavily influenced by the French countryside and his absorption of traditional methods of painting helped make Jules Breton one of the primary transmitters of the beauty and idyllic vision of rural...
, but doesn't have the nerve to enter the property. - April 16: Abraham van der Waeyen PieterszenAbraham van der Waeyen PieterszenAbraham van der Waeyen Pieterszen was a Dutch-born painter, trained in Antwerp. From 1844 Pieterszen worked as a deacon, later as a preacher for the Protestant Union of Belgium in Antwerp, Brussels, Mecheln and Leuven, finally in Maria-Horebeke...
dies in Maria-Horebeke. - first days of July: a while after his return to Cuesmes, Vincent learns that money recently sent by his parents was in fact from Theo; thanking him for his support, Vincent tries to explain his present situation; he is staying with Ch. Decrucq, Rue du Pavillon 8, Cuesmes. Theo forwarded this letter to the parents who commented on July 5.
- August 20: takes up correspondence with Theo again.
- September: works after Charles BargueCharles BargueCharles Bargue was a French artist, a lithographer as well as a painter, who devised a drawing course.-Life and career:...
's platework (Cours de dessin), which he got on loan from Tersteeg, head of Goupil & CieGoupil & CieGoupil & Cie was a leading art dealership in 19th century France, with headquarters in Paris. Step by step, Goupil established a worldwide trade with reproductions of paintings and sculptures, with a network of branches in London, Brussels, The Hague, Berlin and Vienna, as well as in New York and...
in The Hague. - October: moves to Brussels, takes the advice of Willem RoelofsWillem RoelofsWillem Roelofs was a Dutch painter, water-colourist, etcher, lithographer and draughtsman. Roelofs was one of the forerunners of the Dutch Revival art, after the Romantic Classicism of the beginning of the 19th century, which led to the formation of The Hague school.Willem Roelofs was born in...
and enrolls in a beginners art course at the Academy; as suggested by Theo, he meets RappardAnthon van RappardAnthon Gerard Alexander van Rappard was a Dutch painter and draughtsman. He was a pupil of Lawrence Alma-Tadema and for about four years a friend and mentor of Vincent van Gogh, who appreciated him, amongst other reasons, for his social engagement.-Biography:According to the RKD he worked in...
.
1881
- April: moves back to Etten and draws.
- April 17: meets Theo.
- Mid-June: Rappard on visit in Etten.
- Summer: Kee Vos Stricker spends some time in Etten with Vincent's parents, who falls in love with her.
- August 23–26: trip to The Hague; he visits Anton MauveAnton MauveAnthonij Rudolf Mauve was a Dutch realist painter who was a leading member of the Hague School. He signed his paintings 'A. Mauve' or with a monogrammed 'A.M.'. He was a very significant early influence on his cousin-in-law Vincent van Gogh.Most of Mauve's work depicts people and animals in...
and Théophile de BockThéophile de BockThéophile Emile Achille de Bock was a Dutch painter belonging to the Hague School....
, sees some exhibitions and the recently opened Panorama MesdagPanorama MesdagPanorama Mesdag is a panorama by Hendrik Willem Mesdag. Housed in a purpose-built museum in The Hague, the panorama is a cylindrical painting more than 14 metres high and about 40 metres in diameter...
. - late November: writes letter to Uncle Stricker, and within a couple of days goes to Amsterdam in person himself.
- ?: arrives in Amsterdam and demands to see Kee but does not see her; aunt and uncle Stricker accompany him to a good and cheap lodging, where he stays for some days.
- November 27 or December 4: "Sunday evening" at about 7 o'clock, he arrives in The Hague to stay with Anton MauveAnton MauveAnthonij Rudolf Mauve was a Dutch realist painter who was a leading member of the Hague School. He signed his paintings 'A. Mauve' or with a monogrammed 'A.M.'. He was a very significant early influence on his cousin-in-law Vincent van Gogh.Most of Mauve's work depicts people and animals in...
for some time. Mauve encourages him to work in oils and watercolours. - December 19: Vincent is still in The Hague and unable to leave, as he is short of money. A few days later he is back to Etten, and confesses that recently—evidently for the first time in his life—he has accepted the invitation of a back-street girl.
- December 25: On Christmas Day, Vincent quarrels with his father who had tried to force him to assist the Christmas service, and leaves for The Hague.
1882
- January: moves into a small studio, Schenkweg 138.
- mid to late January: meets Clasina Maria Hoornik ("Sien")Sien (Van Gogh series)Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik lived with Vincent van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien, a pregnant prostitute,...
and sets up a domestic relationship with her. - June 7: admitted to municipal hospital to be treated for gonorrheaGonorrheaGonorrhea is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The usual symptoms in men are burning with urination and penile discharge. Women, on the other hand, are asymptomatic half the time or have vaginal discharge and pelvic pain...
. - July 1: leaves the hospital; in the next days he moves next door into a larger studio, Schenkweg 136 (since 1884: Schenkstraat 13).
- July 2: Sien gives birth to a baby boy, who is given the name Willem.
- August: following a visit of Theo who supplied money for colour, Van Gogh starts painting in oil at the sea coast in Scheveningen.
- November: has trial proofs of 6 lithographs printed.
1883
- September: leaves SienSien (Van Gogh series)Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik lived with Vincent van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien, a pregnant prostitute,...
, and moves to DrentheDrentheDrenthe is a province of the Netherlands, located in the north-east of the country. The capital city is Assen. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and Germany to the east.-History:Drenthe, unlike many other parts of the Netherlands, has been a...
. - September 11: arrives in HoogeveenHoogeveenHoogeveen is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands.- Population centres :Elim, Fluitenberg, Hoogeveen and Noordscheschut, which still have the canals which used to be throughout the town...
, late in the evening, and lodges with Albertus Hartsuiker, Groote Kerkstraat - October 2: leaves Hoogeveen on the tow boat for Nieuw-Amsterdam/VeenoordVeenoordVeenoord is a village in the Netherlands and it is part of the Emmen municipality in Drenthe. Veenoord has an altitude of 13 meters and a population of about 2,200 .-External links:*...
: Van Gogh wrote his brother that he is staying in the first place, while his lodgings with Hendrik Scholte were indeed part of the latter village close-by. - November 1: visits ZweelooZweelooZweeloo is a village in the municipality of Coevorden, located in the province of Drenthe, The Netherlands.Zweeloo was a separate municipality from 1819 to 1998, when it was merged with Coevorden.-Monuments:The rural church of Zweeloo was erected in 1252...
- December 4: walks down from Veenoord to Hoogeveen to catch the train for NuenenNuenenNuenen is a town in the municipality of Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten, in the Netherlands.Vincent Van Gogh resided in Nuenen from 1883-1885. During that time he painted many character studies of peasants and weavers that culminated in The Potato Eaters...
. - December 5: Vincent arrives in Nuenen to stay with his parents.
- December 7: date of the postmark on the back of a pen drawing (F.1237) that signalized Theo his arrival in Nuenen.
1884
- ? : the Goupil family retires, the firm is again transformed and renamed in Boussod, Valadon & Cie, successeurs de Goupil & CieGoupil & CieGoupil & Cie was a leading art dealership in 19th century France, with headquarters in Paris. Step by step, Goupil established a worldwide trade with reproductions of paintings and sculptures, with a network of branches in London, Brussels, The Hague, Berlin and Vienna, as well as in New York and...
. - January 17: descending from a train, Van Gogh's mother breaks her leg; Vincent is caring for her.
- end March: Theo starts buying and selling Impressionists, beginning with a painting by Pissarro.
- August ???: Margot Begemann attempts suicide.
1885
- March 26: Vincent's father dies.
- March 27: Theo travels to Nuenen for the funeral.
- March 30: father 's funeral.
- May: Vincent leaves his mother's house.
- July: on their way back to Holland to spend their holidays with their parents, Theo and Andries Bonger visit the museums in LillePalais des Beaux-Arts de LilleThe Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille is one of the largest museums in France, and the largest French museum outside of Paris....
, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp. - c. July 28 - August 7: Theo stays in Nuenen.
- August 7: Theo visits Bonger in Amsterdam and meets his sister Jo for the first time.
- August: first public display of works by Van Gogh, in windows of the art dealer Leurs in The HagueThe HagueThe Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...
.
- October 6–8: visit to AmsterdamAmsterdamAmsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
and the RijksmuseumRijksmuseumThe Rijksmuseum Amsterdam or simply Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum in Amsterdam, located on the Museumplein. The museum is dedicated to arts, crafts, and history. It has a large collection of paintings from the Dutch Golden Age and a substantial collection of Asian art...
. - November 24: leaves for Antwerp.
1886
- January 18: enrolls in Antwerp Academy of Art (Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende Kunsten) for the winter term 1885-1886 in the Antique class.
- mid March: arrives in ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and asks Theo to see him in the Louvre. - March - June (?): studies for three months at studio of Fernand CormonFernand CormonFernand Cormon was a French painter born in Paris. He became a pupil of Alexandre Cabanel, Eugène Fromentin, and Jean-François Portaels, and one of the leading historical painters of modern France....
. - April 3: relegated by the council of the Antwerp Academy to the entrance course; by this time Van Gogh is already in Paris.
- May 15: Opening of the 8th Impressionist exhibition; running through June 15.
- June: the Van Gogh brothers move from Rue de Laval to a larger apartment, Rue Lepic 54.
- August: Theo is on vacation in Holland, discusses with family and uncles his plan to establish an art gallery of his own. Meanwhile Vincent falls ill, and for some time Andries Bonger shares the apartment to care for Vincent and "S.," Theo's mistress.
- August 19 or 26: Theo is back to Paris.
- August 21: Opening of the 2nd exhibition of the Artistes IndépendantsSociété des Artistes Indépendants—The Société des Artistes Indépendants formed in Paris in summer 1884 choosing the device "No jury nor awards" . Albert Dubois-Pillet, Odilon Redon, Georges Seurat and Paul Signac were among its founders...
; running through September 21. - October 25: Van Gogh proposes an exchange of works with Charles AngrandCharles AngrandCharles Angrand was a French artist who gained renown for his Neo-Impressionist paintings and drawings. He was an important member of the Parisian avant-garde art scene in the late 1880s and early 1890s.-Early life and work:...
.
1887
- January: Vincent signs his first portrait of "Père" Tanguy, and later this year portraits of "Mère" Tanguy and one of their friends.
- March 11: Theo states that it is impossible to get on with Vincent.
- March 26: Opening of the 3rd exhibition of the Artistes Indépendants; running through June 8.
- April 26: Vincent and Theo have made peace.
- Spring: Vincent campaigns in Asnières
- November 14: Paul GauguinPaul GauguinEugène Henri Paul Gauguin was a leading French Post-Impressionist artist. He was an important figure in the Symbolist movement as a painter, sculptor, print-maker, ceramist, and writer...
arrives in Paris, just back from Martinique. - December: Gauguin consigns paintings to Theo van Gogh.
- December 26: Theo's first sale of a painting by Gauguin
- December/January (?): Vincent arranges an exhibition of paintings by himself, BernardÉmile BernardÉmile Henri Bernard is known as a Post-Impressionist painter who had artistic friendships with Van Gogh, Gauguin and Eugene Boch, and at a later time, Cézanne. Most of his notable work was accomplished at a young age, in the years 1886 through 1897. He is also associated with Cloisonnism and...
, AnquetinLouis AnquetinLouis Anquetin was a French painter.Anquetin was born in Étrépagny, France and educated at the Lycée Pierre Corneille in Rouen....
, and (probably) Toulouse-Lautrec in the Restaurant du Chalet, 43 Avenue de Clichy, on Montmartre. Bernard and Anquetin sell their first painting, Vincent exchanges work with Gauguin.
1888
- January 1: Theo, accompanied by a second person (probably Manzi, not Vincent?), visits Gauguin in his atelier and acquires 3 paintings for Boussod & Valadon.
- January 4: Theo acquires, privately, Gauguin's Negresses, and Manzi a seascapeSeascapeA seascape is a photograph, painting, or other work of art which depicts the sea, in other words an example of marine art. By a backwards development, the word has also come to mean the view of the sea itself, and be applied in planning contexts to geographical locations possessing a good view of...
- January 12: Theo acquires, privately, Toulouse-Lautrec's "Poudre de riz."
- February 5: Anton MauveAnton MauveAnthonij Rudolf Mauve was a Dutch realist painter who was a leading member of the Hague School. He signed his paintings 'A. Mauve' or with a monogrammed 'A.M.'. He was a very significant early influence on his cousin-in-law Vincent van Gogh.Most of Mauve's work depicts people and animals in...
dies. - February 19: Vincent departs from Paris.
- February 20: arrives in ArlesArlesArles is a city and commune in the south of France, in the Bouches-du-Rhône department, of which it is a subprefecture, in the former province of Provence....
. - March 22: Opening of the 4th exhibition of the Artistes Indépendants; Van Gogh contributes 3 paintings.
- May 1: takes lease on the Yellow HouseYellow House (Arles)The Yellow House is the title generally given to an oil painting by the 19th-century Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh.This title refers to the right wing of the building, 2, Place Lamartine, Arles, France, the house where, on May 1, 1888, Van Gogh rented four rooms, two large ones...
. - June: works for a week in Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer.
- September 8: buys two beds for the Yellow House.
- September 17: spends first night in the Yellow House.
- October 23: Paul GauguinPaul GauguinEugène Henri Paul Gauguin was a leading French Post-Impressionist artist. He was an important figure in the Symbolist movement as a painter, sculptor, print-maker, ceramist, and writer...
arrives to stay with Vincent. - November: Gauguin receives the invitation to exhibitPaul Gauguin's exhibit at Les XX, 1889Paul Gauguin's exhibit at Les XX, 1889 was the first important display of his works, and added to the recognition that he had begun to receive in 1888. The annual exhibition was organized by Les XX, and participation was by invitation only. Gauguin's exhibit comprised paintings from Martinique,...
with Les XXLes XXLes XX was a group of twenty Belgian painters, designers and sculptors, formed in 1883 by the Brussels lawyer, publisher, and entrepreneur Octave Maus. For ten years 'Les Vingt' , as they called themselves, held an annual exhibition of their art; each year twenty international artists were also...
in spring 1889. - December: Gauguin and Van Gogh on a trip to MontpellierMontpellier-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
visit the Musée FabreMusée FabreThe Musée Fabre is a museum in the southern French city of Montpellier, capital of the Hérault département.The museum was founded by François-Xavier Fabre, a Montpellier painter, in 1825. Beginning in 2003, the museum underwent a 61.2 million euro renovation, which was completed in January 2007...
to see the BruyasAlfred BruyasAlfred Bruyas was an art collector and a personal friend of many important artists of his time, among them Gustave Courbet. He donated his collection to the Musée Fabre, in Montpellier....
collection. - December 23: Van Gogh cuts off part of his ear after arguing with Gauguin.
- December 24: Van Gogh is found "lying in his bed, giving almost no sign of life", and taken to the Old Hospital in ArlesHospital in Arles (Van Gogh series)Hospital at Arles is the subject of two paintings that Vincent van Gogh made of the hospital in which he stayed in December 1888 and again in January 1889. The hospital is located in Arles in southern France...
. - December 25: Theo visits Vincent in hospital; that evening Theo and Gauguin leave for Paris.
1889
- January 5: Theo goes to Amsterdam.
- January 8: Vincent leaves hospital.
- January 9: engagement party of Theo and Jo in Amsterdam.
- January 14: Theo is back to Paris.
- February 7: Vincent is again taken to hospital after a second attack.
- February 17: he leaves hospital again.
- February 18: citizens' petition against Van Gogh.
- February 26: he is confined to hospital on police orders.
- March 23–24: Paul SignacPaul SignacPaul Signac was a French neo-impressionist painter who, working with Georges Seurat, helped develop the pointillist style.-Biography:Paul Victor Jules Signac was born in Paris on 11 November 1863...
, on the request of Theo, visits Vincent in the hospital. - March 31: Theo departs for Amsterdam.
- April 18: Theo marries Johanna Gesina BongerJohanna van Gogh-BongerJohanna Gezina van Gogh-Bonger was the wife of Theo van Gogh, art dealer, and the sister-in-law of the painter Vincent van Gogh. After the death of Vincent and her husband she worked assiduously on editing the brothers' correspondence, producing the first volume in Dutch in 1914...
. - May 8: Vincent admits himself to the asylum at Saint-Rémy-de-ProvenceSaint-Rémy-de-ProvenceSaint-Rémy-de-Provence is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in southern France.-Geography:...
; the only other option was to be transferred to a maison de santé elsewhere. - June ?: Gauguin and friends organize an exhibition of their works in the Café VolpiniThe Volpini Exhibition, 1889The Exhibition at the Café des Arts in summer 1889 was arranged by Paul Gauguin and his circle, on the walls of a café just outside the gates of the Exposition universelle, and run by a certain Monsieur Volpini...
(Exposition des Peintures du Groupe impressioniste et synthétiste, faite dans le local de M. Volpini au Champ-de-Mars 1889); Vincent is invited to participate, but Theo thinks it is inappropriate. - July 8: visit to Arles.
- July 15: last batch of paintings from Arles sent to Paris.
- July 18: crisis, lasting to midth end of August.
- September: Van Gogh takes up work again.
- September 3: Opening of the 5th exhibition of the Artistes Indépendants, running through October 4; Van Gogh contributes 2 paintings.
- November 15: Octave MausOctave MausOctave Maus was a Belgian art critic, writer, and lawyer.Maus worked with fellow writer/lawyer Edmond Picard, and they together with Victor Arnould and Eugène Robert founded the weekly L'Art moderne in 1881....
, secretary of Les XXLes XXLes XX was a group of twenty Belgian painters, designers and sculptors, formed in 1883 by the Brussels lawyer, publisher, and entrepreneur Octave Maus. For ten years 'Les Vingt' , as they called themselves, held an annual exhibition of their art; each year twenty international artists were also...
, invites Van Gogh to participate in their forthcoming 7th annual exhibition in February 1890; Van Gogh accepts.
1890
- January 18: Opening of the 7th annual exhibition of Les XXLes XXLes XX was a group of twenty Belgian painters, designers and sculptors, formed in 1883 by the Brussels lawyer, publisher, and entrepreneur Octave Maus. For ten years 'Les Vingt' , as they called themselves, held an annual exhibition of their art; each year twenty international artists were also...
, Brussels, running through February 23; Van Gogh contributes 6 paintingsVincent van Gogh's display at Les XX, 1890Vincent van Gogh's display at Les XX, 1890, in Brussels is an important testament to the recognition he received amongst avant-garde peers during his own lifetime. Participation in the annual exhibition of Les XX was for members and by invitation only...
, one of them is sold to Anna BochAnna BochAnna Rosalie Boch was a Belgian painter, born in Saint-Vaast, Hainaut. Anna Boch died in Ixelles in 1936 and is interred there in the Ixelles Cemetery, Brussels, Belgium.-Artistic style:...
. At the dinner, Henry de GrouxHenry de GrouxHenry de Groux was a Belgian Symbolist painter, sculptor and lithographer. His 1889 painting Christ aux Outrages, widely described as his masterwork, depicted Jesus being attacked by a mob...
insults van Gogh's paintings and refuses to allow his work to be displayed alongside Van Gogh's; Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec challenges de Groux to a duelDuelA duel is an arranged engagement in combat between two individuals, with matched weapons in accordance with agreed-upon rules.Duels in this form were chiefly practised in Early Modern Europe, with precedents in the medieval code of chivalry, and continued into the modern period especially among...
in Van Gogh's defense, and Paul SignacPaul SignacPaul Signac was a French neo-impressionist painter who, working with Georges Seurat, helped develop the pointillist style.-Biography:Paul Victor Jules Signac was born in Paris on 11 November 1863...
declares that he would continue in Van Gogh's defense if Lautrec should be killed. De Groux is subsequently expelled from les XX. - January 31: Theo's son Vincent is born.
- February 22–23: while on a visit to Arles, Van Gogh falls ill and has to be brought back to Saint-Rémy on a carriage. This crisis, lasting about nine weeks until the last days of April, is the longest recorded.
- March 20: Opening of the 6th exhibition of the Artistes Indépendants, running through April 27; Van Gogh contributes 10 paintings, 5 of which have already been shown at Les XX in Brussels. Gauguin, Guillaumin and other colleagues propose to exchange works; Monet sends his congratulations.
- May 1: recovered, he has taken up work again.
- May 16: Vincent is discharged from Saint Rémy, he travels to Paris, arrives May 17, at 10 in the morning.
- May 17–20: stays with Theo in Paris.
- May 20: moves to Auvers-sur-OiseAuvers-sur-OiseAuvers-sur-Oise is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. It is associated with several famous artists, the most prominent being Vincent van Gogh.-History:...
. - June 8: Theo and family visit.
- July 6: visits Theo in Paris.
- July 15: Theo accompanies his wife and son to Holland; travelling via Antwerp.
- July 19: he is back in Paris.
- July 23: business forces Theo out for a day in Antwerp. Vincent conceives his last letter.
- July 27: Sunday evening, Vincent injures himself with a gun; Dr. Gachet is summoned at 9 p.m.
- July 29: Vincent diesVincent van Gogh's deathThe death of Vincent van Gogh, the Dutch post-Impressionist painter, occurred in the early morning of 29 July 1890, in his room at the Auberge Ravoux in the village of Auvers-sur-Oise in northern France. He suffered a gunshot wound two days earlier not far from the inn...
, at 1.30 in the morning. Among his last words: "I wanted it to end like this." - July 30: funeral, assisted by Theo, Gachet, Tanguy, Bernard, Laval, Lucien Pissarro, Lauzet and others.
- August 7: L'Echo Pontoisien, a weekly published every Thursday, reports Van Gogh's attempt to commit suicide and his death.
- September 14: Theo and his young family move nextdoor.
- September 20: Theo, assisted by Emile BernardÉmile BernardÉmile Henri Bernard is known as a Post-Impressionist painter who had artistic friendships with Van Gogh, Gauguin and Eugene Boch, and at a later time, Cézanne. Most of his notable work was accomplished at a young age, in the years 1886 through 1897. He is also associated with Cloisonnism and...
, mounts an improvised retrospective exhibition of his brother's works in Theo's former appartement. - October 9: Theo collapses mentally and physically, and is admitted to the Maison Dubois hospital, Faubourg St. Denis, later to a clinic in Passy.
- November 18: Theo is transferred to the Willem Arntzkliniek in UtrechtUtrecht (city)Utrecht city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, and is the fourth largest city of the Netherlands with a population of 312,634 on 1 Jan 2011.Utrecht's ancient city centre features...
.
External links
- Another chronology based on Susan Alyson Stein Van Gogh: A Retrospective, ISBN 0-88363-310-8.