United Nations Security Council Resolution 1409
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
1409, adopted unanimously on May 14, 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on Iraq
, including resolutions 986
(1995), 1284
(1999), 1352
(2001), 1360
(2001) and 1382
(2001) concerning the Oil-for-Food Programme
, the Council extended provisions relating to the export of Iraqi petroleum
or petroleum products in return for humanitarian aid
for a further 180 days and approved a list of revised sanctions against the country. Its adoption streamlined the sanctions program, with restrictions on shipping civilian goods to Iraq lifted though prohibitions on weapon
s and military goods remained.
The Security Council was convinced of the need for a temporary measure to provide humanitarian assistance to the Iraqi people until the Iraqi government fulfilled the provisions of Resolution 687
(1991) and 1284, and had distributed aid throughout the country equally. It noted that the decision to adopt a Goods Review List in Resolution 1382 that was to come into effect from May 30, 2002.
Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
, the Council extended the Oil-for-Food Programme for 180 days beginning at 00:01 EST
on May 30, 2002. At the same time, countries were to adopt the Goods Review List of restricted items and that funds in the escrow account would be used to finance authorised commodities and products for export to Iraq. Reviews of the Goods Review List and implementation of the measures would take place on a regular basis. The Secretary-General Kofi Annan
was required to submit an assessment of the implementation of the Goods Review List.
Enclosed in the resolution were revised procedures relating to the review of applications for exports to Iraq by the Office of the Iraq Programme, United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
and International Atomic Energy Agency
. Applications had to contain detailed information about the goods and commodities to be exported, including whether the goods or commodities included items on the Goods Review List.
Resolution 1409 was adopted unanimously although Syria
sought to include a reference relating to Iraq's right to defend itself
, though this was rejected.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
1409, adopted unanimously on May 14, 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, including resolutions 986
United Nations Security Council Resolution 986
United Nations Security Council Resolution 986, adopted unanimously on April 14, 1995, after reaffirming all resolutions on Iraq and noting the serious humanitarian situation with the Iraqi civilian population, the Council, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, established a...
(1995), 1284
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1284
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1284, adopted on December 17, 1999, after recalling previous relevant resolutions on Iraq, including resolutions 661 , 687 , 699 , 707 , 715 , 986 , 1051 , 1153 , 1175 , 1242 and 1266 , the Council established the United Nations Monitoring, Verification...
(1999), 1352
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1352
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1352, adopted unanimously on June 1, 2001, after recalling all previous resolutions on Iraq, including resolutions 986 , 1284 and 1330 concerning the Oil-for-Food Programme, the Council extended provisions relating to the export of Iraqi petroleum or...
(2001), 1360
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1360
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1360, adopted unanimously on July 3, 2001, after recalling all previous resolutions on Iraq, including resolutions 986 , 1284 , 1330 and 1352 concerning the Oil-for-Food Programme, the Council extended provisions relating to the export of Iraqi...
(2001) and 1382
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1382
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1382, adopted unanimously on November 29, 2001, after recalling all previous resolutions on Iraq, including resolutions 986 , 1284 , 1352 and 1360 concerning the Oil-for-Food Programme, the Council extended provisions relating to the export of Iraqi...
(2001) concerning the Oil-for-Food Programme
Oil-for-Food Programme
The Oil-for-Food Programme , established by the United Nations in 1995 was established with the stated intent to allow Iraq to sell oil on the world market in exchange for food, medicine, and other humanitarian needs for ordinary Iraqi citizens without allowing Iraq to boost its military...
, the Council extended provisions relating to the export of Iraqi petroleum
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling...
or petroleum products in return for humanitarian aid
Humanitarian aid
Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian crises including natural disaster and man-made disaster. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity...
for a further 180 days and approved a list of revised sanctions against the country. Its adoption streamlined the sanctions program, with restrictions on shipping civilian goods to Iraq lifted though prohibitions on weapon
Weapon
A weapon, arm, or armament is a tool or instrument used with the aim of causing damage or harm to living beings or artificial structures or systems...
s and military goods remained.
The Security Council was convinced of the need for a temporary measure to provide humanitarian assistance to the Iraqi people until the Iraqi government fulfilled the provisions of Resolution 687
United Nations Security Council Resolution 687
United Nations Security Council Resolution 687, adopted on April 3, 1991, after reaffirming resolutions 660, 661, 662, 664, 665, 666, 667, 669, 670, 674, 677, 678 and 686 , the Council set the terms, in a comprehensive resolution, with which Iraq was to comply after losing the Gulf War.The...
(1991) and 1284, and had distributed aid throughout the country equally. It noted that the decision to adopt a Goods Review List in Resolution 1382 that was to come into effect from May 30, 2002.
Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace...
, the Council extended the Oil-for-Food Programme for 180 days beginning at 00:01 EST
Eastern Time Zone
The Eastern Time Zone of the United States and Canada is a time zone that falls mostly along the east coast of North America. Its UTC time offset is −5 hrs during standard time and −4 hrs during daylight saving time...
on May 30, 2002. At the same time, countries were to adopt the Goods Review List of restricted items and that funds in the escrow account would be used to finance authorised commodities and products for export to Iraq. Reviews of the Goods Review List and implementation of the measures would take place on a regular basis. The Secretary-General Kofi Annan
Kofi Annan
Kofi Atta Annan is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the UN from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2006...
was required to submit an assessment of the implementation of the Goods Review List.
Enclosed in the resolution were revised procedures relating to the review of applications for exports to Iraq by the Office of the Iraq Programme, United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
The United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission was created through the adoption of United Nations Security Council resolution 1284 of 17 December 1999....
and International Atomic Energy Agency
International Atomic Energy Agency
The International Atomic Energy Agency is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organization on 29 July 1957...
. Applications had to contain detailed information about the goods and commodities to be exported, including whether the goods or commodities included items on the Goods Review List.
Resolution 1409 was adopted unanimously although Syria
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
sought to include a reference relating to Iraq's right to defend itself
Self-defense
Self-defense, self-defence or private defense is a countermeasure that involves defending oneself, one's property or the well-being of another from physical harm. The use of the right of self-defense as a legal justification for the use of force in times of danger is available in many...
, though this was rejected.
See also
- Foreign relations of IraqForeign relations of IraqSince 1980, the foreign relations of Iraq were influenced by a number of controversial decisions by the Saddam Hussein administration. Hussein had good relations with the Soviet Union and a number of western countries such as France and Germany, who provided him with advanced weapons systems...
- Gulf WarGulf WarThe Persian Gulf War , commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf...
- Invasion of KuwaitInvasion of KuwaitThe Invasion of Kuwait, also known as the Iraq-Kuwait War, was a major conflict between the Republic of Iraq and the State of Kuwait, which resulted in the seven-month long Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, which subsequently led to direct military intervention by United States-led forces in the Gulf...
- Iraq disarmament timeline 1990–2003Iraq disarmament timeline 1990–2003-1990:July 24, 1990* Nine days before Iraq's invasion of Kuwait US State Department spokeswoman, Margaret Tutweiller states: "We do not have any defence treaties with Kuwait, and there are no special defence or security commitments to Kuwait."August 2, 1990...
- Iraq and weapons of mass destructionIraq and weapons of mass destructionDuring the regime of Saddam Hussein, the nation of Iraq used, possessed, and made efforts to acquire weapons of mass destruction . Hussein was internationally known for his use of chemical weapons in the 1980s against Iranian and Kurdish civilians during and after the Iran–Iraq War...
- Iraq sanctionsIraq sanctionsThe Iraq sanctions were a near-total financial and trade embargo imposed by the United Nations Security Council on the nation of Iraq. They began August 6, 1990, four days after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, stayed largely in force until May 2003 , and certain portions including reparations to Kuwait...
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1401 to 1500 (2002 – 2003)