Ulmus procera 'Louis van Houtte'
Encyclopedia
Ulmus 'Louis van Houtte' (Syn. Ulmus 'Vanhouttei') is believed to have been first cultivated in Ghent
, Belgium
circa 1863. It was once thought a cultivar of English Elm
Ulmus procera, though this derivation has long been questioned; W. J. Bean called it "an elm of uncertain status". It was first mentioned by Deegen in Ill. Monatsch. Gartenb. 5: 103, 1886. Its dissimilarity from the type and its Belgian provenance make the Ulmus procera attribution unlikely.
. A specimen at the Ryston Hall arboretum http://www.rystonhall.co.uk/, Norfolk
, obtained from the Späth nursery
in Berlin
before 1914, was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease prevalent in the 1930s, and two specimens planted at Kew Gardens succumbed very rapidly to the same fate in 1931. A fine mature specimen, which retained its yellow colouration in the crown, survived in Edinburgh's Royal Circus Gardens, before succumbing to the new strain in 1995.
. Two trees are known in the British Isles
, and it remains in commerce at a nursery in the USA; several old trees survive in Australasia
.
, 1810 - 1876.
Ghent
Ghent is a city and a municipality located in the Flemish region of Belgium. It is the capital and biggest city of the East Flanders province. The city started as a settlement at the confluence of the Rivers Scheldt and Lys and in the Middle Ages became one of the largest and richest cities of...
, Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
circa 1863. It was once thought a cultivar of English Elm
English Elm
Ulmus procera Salisb., the English, Common, or more lately Atinian, Elm was, before the advent of Dutch elm disease, one of the largest and fastest-growing deciduous trees in Europe...
Ulmus procera, though this derivation has long been questioned; W. J. Bean called it "an elm of uncertain status". It was first mentioned by Deegen in Ill. Monatsch. Gartenb. 5: 103, 1886. Its dissimilarity from the type and its Belgian provenance make the Ulmus procera attribution unlikely.
Description
When young, the tree has leaves entirely yellow, a colour retained throughout summer. However, as the tree ages, the colouring begins a gradual reversion to green. The vertically-fissured bark of mature trees is unlike that of English elm, with its squarish 'plated' fissuring. 'Louis van Houtte' has smaller leaves than the not dissimilar Ulmus glabra Lutescens (Golden Wych Elm).Pests and diseases
'Louis van Houtte' is vulnerable to Dutch elm diseaseDutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease is a disease caused by a member of the sac fungi category, affecting elm trees which is spread by the elm bark beetle. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease has been accidentally introduced into America and Europe, where it has devastated native...
. A specimen at the Ryston Hall arboretum http://www.rystonhall.co.uk/, Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk is a low-lying county in the East of England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the North Sea coast and to the north-west the county is bordered by The Wash. The county...
, obtained from the Späth nursery
Späth nursery
The Späth family created one of the world's most notable plant nurseries of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The nursery had been founded in 1720 by Christoph Späth but removed to the erstwhile district of Baumschulenweg in south-east Berlin in 1863 when Franz Ludwig Späth succeeded his father...
in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
before 1914, was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease prevalent in the 1930s, and two specimens planted at Kew Gardens succumbed very rapidly to the same fate in 1931. A fine mature specimen, which retained its yellow colouration in the crown, survived in Edinburgh's Royal Circus Gardens, before succumbing to the new strain in 1995.
Cultivation
Several large trees survive in Sweden, including a fine old specimen in KristianstadKristianstad
Kristianstad is a city and the seat of Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 35,711 inhabitants in 2010.-History:The city was founded in 1614 by King Christian IV of Denmark, the city's name literally means 'Town of Christian', as a planned city after the burning of the town of Vä...
. Two trees are known in the British Isles
British Isles
The British Isles are a group of islands off the northwest coast of continental Europe that include the islands of Great Britain and Ireland and over six thousand smaller isles. There are two sovereign states located on the islands: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and...
, and it remains in commerce at a nursery in the USA; several old trees survive in Australasia
Australasia
Australasia is a region of Oceania comprising Australia, New Zealand, the island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term was coined by Charles de Brosses in Histoire des navigations aux terres australes...
.
Synonymy
- 'Ludwig van Houtte': Spath-Buch, 1720–1920, 229, 1921, in error.
- Ulmus montana lutescens van Houttei: Schelle in Beissner et al., Handb. Laubh.-Benenn. 86. 1903, in error.
- Ulmus minor foliis flavescentibus: MillerPhilip MillerPhilip Miller FRS was a Scottish botanist.Miller was chief gardener at the Chelsea Physic Garden from 1722 until he was pressured to retire shortly before his death...
, Gard. Dict. ed. 6. Ulmus No. 8, 1752.
Etymology
The cultivar is named for the Belgian horticulturist and plant collector Louis Benoit van HoutteLouis van Houtte
Louis Benoit van Houtte was a Belgian horticulturist who was with the Jardin Botanique de Brussels between 1836 and 1838 and is best-known for the journal Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe, produced with Charles Lemaire and M...
, 1810 - 1876.
Europe
- Brighton & HoveBrighton & HoveBrighton and Hove is a unitary authority area and city on the south coast of England. It is England's most populous seaside resort.In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium...
City Council, UK, NCCPG Elm Collection http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1108042. UK champion: Carden Park, 21 m high, 61 cm d.b.h. (1996). - National Botanic Gardens http://www.botanicgardens.ie, GlasnevinGlasnevinGlasnevin is a largely residential neighbourhood of Dublin, Ireland.-Geography:A mainly residential neighbourhood, it is located on the Northside of the city of Dublin . It was originally established on the northern bank of the River Tolka...
, Dublin, IrelandRepublic of IrelandIreland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
. Location A3 (156)
Australasia
- Christchurch Botanic GardensChristchurch Botanic GardensThe Christchurch Botanic Gardens, located in the central city of Christchurch, New Zealand are botanical gardens founded in 1863, when an English oak was planted on 9 July 1863 to commemorate the solemnisation of marriage between Prince Albert and Princess Alexandra of Denmark.The Gardens sprawl...
, ChristchurchChristchurchChristchurch is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the country's second-largest urban area after Auckland. It lies one third of the way down the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula which itself, since 2006, lies within the formal limits of...
, New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
. 1 tree, details not known :fr:Fichier:Ulmus minor Houtte.jpg - Eastwoodhill ArboretumEastwoodhill ArboretumEastwoodhill is the national arboretum of New Zealand. It covers and is located 35 km northwest of Gisborne, in the hill country of Ngatapa. It was founded in 1910 by William Douglas Cook...
http://www.eastwoodhill.org.nz/gardens--collection/collection.aspx?Type=&G=Ulmus, GisborneGisborne, New Zealand-Economy:The harbour was host to many ships in the past and had developed as a river port to provide a more secure location for shipping compared with the open roadstead of Poverty Bay which can be exposed to southerly swells. A meat works was sited beside the harbour and meat and wool was shipped...
, New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
. 2 trees, details not known. - ManukauManukauManukau City was a large territorial authority in Auckland, New Zealand. The city was sometimes referred to as South Auckland, but this term did not possess official recognition and did not encompass areas like East Auckland, which was previously within the official boundaries of Manukau City...
Cemetery, PapatoetoePapatoetoePapatoetoe is a suburb in the Auckland conurbation in northern New Zealand. One of the larger suburbs of the area commonly known as South Auckland, it is located to the northwest of central Manukau, and 18 kilometres southeast of Auckland city centre....
, AucklandAucklandThe Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world...
, New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
. 1 tree.
North America
- Foothills Nursery http://www.foothillsnursery.com/trees.htm, Mt. Airy, North CarolinaNorth CarolinaNorth Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte...
, USA