Titanoeca
Encyclopedia
Titanoeca is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia
Eurasia
Eurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...

, with three species found only in North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

 (T. americana, T. brunnea, T. nigrella). One species (T. nivalis) has a holarctic
Holarctic
The Holarctic ecozone refers to the habitats found throughout the northern continents of the world as a whole. This region is divided into the Palearctic, consisting of Northern Africa and all of Eurasia, with the exception of Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent, and the Nearctic,...

 distribution, and T. guayaquilensis is endemic
Endemic (ecology)
Endemism is the ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, all species of lemur are endemic to the...

 to Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...

.

The species formerly known as Titanoeca obscura was renamed to T. quadriguttata
Titanoeca quadriguttata
Titanoeca quadriguttata is a species of spider in the family Titanoecidae. It is widespread in Europe, though absent from Great Britain, and is found in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Moldova, Russia, Slovakia,...

.

Species

  • Titanoeca altaica Song & Zhou, 1994China
    China
    Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

  • Titanoeca americana Emerton
    James Henry Emerton
    James Henry Emerton was an American arachnologist.-Early life:Emerton was born at Salem, Massachusetts, on March 31, 1847. He was rather frail, and a young helper in his father's drug store, George F. Markoe, interested the boy in outdoor life...

    , 1888
    — North America
  • Titanoeca asimilis Song & Zhu, 1985Russia
    Russia
    Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

    , Mongolia
    Mongolia
    Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...

    , China
  • Titanoeca brunnea Emerton, 1888 — USA, Canada
    Canada
    Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

  • Titanoeca caucasica Dunin, 1985Azerbaijan
    Azerbaijan
    Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...

  • Titanoeca decorata Yin & Bao, 2001 — China
  • Titanoeca eca Marusik, 1995Kazakhstan
    Kazakhstan
    Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...

  • Titanoeca flavicoma L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic
  • Titanoeca guayaquilensis Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador
  • Titanoeca gyirongensis Hu, 2001 — China
  • Titanoeca hispanica Wunderlich, 1995Spain
    Spain
    Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

    , France
    France
    The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

  • Titanoeca incerta (Nosek, 1905)Bulgaria
    Bulgaria
    Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...

    , Turkey
    Turkey
    Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

  • Titanoeca lehtineni Fet, 1986Central Asia
    Central Asia
    Central Asia is a core region of the Asian continent from the Caspian Sea in the west, China in the east, Afghanistan in the south, and Russia in the north...

  • Titanoeca lianyuanensis Xu, Yin & Bao, 2002 — China
  • Titanoeca liaoningensis Zhu, Gao & Guan, 1993 — China
  • Titanoeca mae Song, Zhang & Zhu, 2002 — China
  • Titanoeca minuta Marusik, 1995 — Kazakhstan
  • Titanoeca monticola (Simon, 1870)Portugal
    Portugal
    Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

    , Spain, France
  • Titanoeca nigrella (Chamberlin, 1919) — North America
  • Titanoeca nivalis Simon, 1874 — Holarctic
  • Titanoeca palpator Hu & Li, 1987 — China
  • Titanoeca praefica (Simon, 1870) — Spain, France, Algeria
    Algeria
    Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...

    , Russia
  • Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 1993 — Central Europe
  • Titanoeca quadriguttata
    Titanoeca quadriguttata
    Titanoeca quadriguttata is a species of spider in the family Titanoecidae. It is widespread in Europe, though absent from Great Britain, and is found in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Moldova, Russia, Slovakia,...

    (Hahn, 1833) — Palearctic
  • Titanoeca schineri L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic
  • Titanoeca transbaicalica Danilov, 1994 — Russia
  • Titanoeca tristis L. Koch, 1872 — Europe to Central Asia
  • Titanoeca turkmenia Wunderlich, 1995Iran
    Iran
    Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

    , Turkmenistan
  • Titanoeca ukrainica Guryanova, 1992Ukraine
    Ukraine
    Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...

  • Titanoeca veteranica Herman, 1879 — Eastern Europe to Central Asia
  • Titanoeca zyuzini Marusik, 1995 — Russia, Mongolia
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