Taganrog resistance movement
Encyclopedia
Taganrog underground resistance movement was an Antifascist underground group of young Komsomol
members acting in occupied Taganrog
in 1941-1943
.
and Vasily Afonov organized an underground resistance group, which consisted mainly of young Komsomol
members. .
As of early December 1941 only 11 young people were members of the Taganrog resistance movement, while in early 1943 more than 500 people who were divided into 27 partisan groups acted against occupation forces in Taganrog.
On February 18, 1943 were arrested Semion Morozov
and the core of the underground movement's activists. In spring 1943 Gestapo agents infiltrated the underground movement. After several mass arrests in February-May 1943 over 200 members of the Taganrog underground resistance movement were detained, tortured and killed (including 27 women and 2 children). The last execution by firing squad was carried out on July 12, 1943.
In 1965-1966, 126 members of the Taganrog underground resistance movement were awarded with orders and medals, the Commissar of the Taganrog's underground Semion Morozov
was posthumously made Hero of the Soviet Union
, the leader of the partisan group Vasily Afonov was posthumously awarded with an Order of Lenin
.
acted at least 2 Soviet partisans
groups organized by NKVD
before the Soviet troops left the city. The members of the groups acted separately and were not permitted to go into contact.
Komsomol
The Communist Union of Youth , usually known as Komsomol , was the youth division of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Komsomol in its earliest form was established in urban centers in 1918. During the early years, it was a Russian organization, known as the Russian Communist Union of...
members acting in occupied Taganrog
Taganrog
Taganrog is a seaport city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the north shore of Taganrog Bay , several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River. Population: -History of Taganrog:...
in 1941-1943
Taganrog during World War II
The Soviet city of Taganrog, now part of the Rostov Oblast of the Russian Federation, had an eventful history during World War II, from 1941 to 1945.-Defense of Taganrog:...
.
History
In November 1941, Semion MorozovSemion Morozov
Semyon Grigoryevich Morozov , , Taganrog – 23 February 1943, Taganrog) was commissar of the Taganrog antifascist underground organization . He was posthumously awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union title....
and Vasily Afonov organized an underground resistance group, which consisted mainly of young Komsomol
Komsomol
The Communist Union of Youth , usually known as Komsomol , was the youth division of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Komsomol in its earliest form was established in urban centers in 1918. During the early years, it was a Russian organization, known as the Russian Communist Union of...
members. .
As of early December 1941 only 11 young people were members of the Taganrog resistance movement, while in early 1943 more than 500 people who were divided into 27 partisan groups acted against occupation forces in Taganrog.
On February 18, 1943 were arrested Semion Morozov
Semion Morozov
Semyon Grigoryevich Morozov , , Taganrog – 23 February 1943, Taganrog) was commissar of the Taganrog antifascist underground organization . He was posthumously awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union title....
and the core of the underground movement's activists. In spring 1943 Gestapo agents infiltrated the underground movement. After several mass arrests in February-May 1943 over 200 members of the Taganrog underground resistance movement were detained, tortured and killed (including 27 women and 2 children). The last execution by firing squad was carried out on July 12, 1943.
In 1965-1966, 126 members of the Taganrog underground resistance movement were awarded with orders and medals, the Commissar of the Taganrog's underground Semion Morozov
Semion Morozov
Semyon Grigoryevich Morozov , , Taganrog – 23 February 1943, Taganrog) was commissar of the Taganrog antifascist underground organization . He was posthumously awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union title....
was posthumously made Hero of the Soviet Union
Hero of the Soviet Union
The title Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest distinction in the Soviet Union, awarded personally or collectively for heroic feats in service to the Soviet state and society.-Overview:...
, the leader of the partisan group Vasily Afonov was posthumously awarded with an Order of Lenin
Order of Lenin
The Order of Lenin , named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was the highest decoration bestowed by the Soviet Union...
.
Major resistance operations
- November 15, 1941: arson and explosion at the Taganrog seaport's ammunition depot (completely destroyed)
- early December 1941: explosion at the Taganrog City Hall, its canteen and the car repair shop (147 Nazi GermanyNazi GermanyNazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
officers and soldiers killed. - December 1941: arson at the "Krasny Gidropress" factory (40 trucks burnt).
- January 25, 1942: arson of wood materials (used for repair of German aircraft) at the territory of the Beriev Aircraft CompanyBeriev Aircraft CompanyThe Beriev Aircraft Company, formerly Beriev Design Bureau, is a Russian aircraft manufacturer , specializing in amphibious aircraft...
- April-May 1942: two diversion acts at the "Krasny Gidropress" factory (13 and 120 trucks temporarily out of service)
- June 1942: derailmentDerailmentA derailment is an accident on a railway or tramway in which a rail vehicle, or part or all of a train, leaves the tracks on which it is travelling, with consequent damage and in many cases injury and/or death....
of the train (10 wagons) at Martsevo/Koshkino - October 1942: derailmentDerailmentA derailment is an accident on a railway or tramway in which a rail vehicle, or part or all of a train, leaves the tracks on which it is travelling, with consequent damage and in many cases injury and/or death....
of the train transporting panzersPanzerA Panzer is a German language word that, when used as a noun, means "tank". When it is used as an adjective, it means either tank or "armoured" .- Etymology :...
, cars and ammunition between Varenovka and Primorka stations - January 1943: hole-traps made (from Ochakovsk tail up to Taganrog) on the ice of the Gulf of Taganrog, which resulted in a gross loss of horses (more than 100)
- December 1942: attack on the police stationPolice stationA police station or station house is a building which serves to accommodate police officers and other members of staff. These buildings often contain offices and accommodation for personnel and vehicles, along with locker rooms, temporary holding cells and interview/interrogation rooms.- Facilities...
near Mayakovka village. Trophies: 4 light machine-guns, 10 rifles, grenades. - February 1943: 4 attacks on German and Romanian troops who were retreating through the Gulf of Taganrog. Trophies: 7 machine-guns, 40 rifles, 13 submachine guns, 11 heavily-loaded trucks were sunken in Azov Sea, 37 Nazi GermanyNazi GermanyNazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
soldiers killed. - March 1943: arson of a truck loaded with products and cereals (truck completely destroyed).
- May 14, 1943: successful assassination attempt by Sergey Weiss and Yuri Pazon of SicherheitsdienstSicherheitsdienstSicherheitsdienst , full title Sicherheitsdienst des Reichsführers-SS, or SD, was the intelligence agency of the SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. The organization was the first Nazi Party intelligence organization to be established and was often considered a "sister organization" with the...
's informants Musikova and Raevskaya. - (throughout the duration of the occupation period) Distribution of leaflets and Sovinformburo's information bulletins.
Trivia
Apart from the group of young people led by Afonin and Morozov, in TaganrogTaganrog during World War II
The Soviet city of Taganrog, now part of the Rostov Oblast of the Russian Federation, had an eventful history during World War II, from 1941 to 1945.-Defense of Taganrog:...
acted at least 2 Soviet partisans
Soviet partisans
The Soviet partisans were members of a resistance movement which fought a guerrilla war against the Axis occupation of the Soviet Union during World War II....
groups organized by NKVD
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs was the public and secret police organization of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the Soviets, including political repression, during the era of Joseph Stalin....
before the Soviet troops left the city. The members of the groups acted separately and were not permitted to go into contact.
See also
- History of TaganrogHistory of Taganrog- Ancient history:The excavations conducted by the German Archaeological Institute led by Ortwin Dally and Don Archaeological Society, brought to conclusion that there was a Greek settlement in the place of the modern-day Taganrog, founded in the late 7th century BC.It played an important role in...
- Taganrog during World War IITaganrog during World War IIThe Soviet city of Taganrog, now part of the Rostov Oblast of the Russian Federation, had an eventful history during World War II, from 1941 to 1945.-Defense of Taganrog:...
- Young Guard (Soviet resistance)Young Guard (Soviet resistance)The Young Guard was an underground anti-fascist Komsomol organization, in the German-occupied Soviet city of Krasnodon . They were active during the Great Patriotic War until January 1943. They carried out several acts of sabotage and protest before being betrayed to the Germans...