Salem Maritime National Historic Site
Encyclopedia
The Salem Maritime National Historic Site consists of 12 historic structures and about 9 acres (36,000 m2) of land along the waterfront in Salem, Massachusetts
, plus a Visitor Center in downtown Salem. It was the first American National Historic Site
, and interprets the triangular trade
during the colonial
period; privateer
s during the American Revolution
; and sea trade, especially with the Far East
, after independence.
Structures in the historic site include:
Salem, Massachusetts
Salem is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 40,407 at the 2000 census. It and Lawrence are the county seats of Essex County...
, plus a Visitor Center in downtown Salem. It was the first American National Historic Site
National Historic Sites (United States)
National Historic Sites are protected areas of national historic significance in the United States. A National Historic Site usually contains a single historical feature directly associated with its subject...
, and interprets the triangular trade
Triangular trade
Triangular trade, or triangle trade, is a historical term indicating among three ports or regions. Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has export commodities that are not required in the region from which its major imports come...
during the colonial
Colonial America
The colonial history of the United States covers the history from the start of European settlement and especially the history of the thirteen colonies of Britain until they declared independence in 1776. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major...
period; privateer
Privateer
A privateer is a private person or ship authorized by a government by letters of marque to attack foreign shipping during wartime. Privateering was a way of mobilizing armed ships and sailors without having to spend public money or commit naval officers...
s during the American Revolution
American Revolution
The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...
; and sea trade, especially with the Far East
Far East
The Far East is an English term mostly describing East Asia and Southeast Asia, with South Asia sometimes also included for economic and cultural reasons.The term came into use in European geopolitical discourse in the 19th century,...
, after independence.
Structures in the historic site include:
- The Friendship of SalemFriendship of SalemThe Friendship of Salem is a 171-foot replica of a 1797 East Indiaman, built in the Scarano Brothers Shipyard in Albany, New York, in 2000...
- a replica of a 1797 East IndiamanEast IndiamenAn East Indiaman was a ship operating under charter or license to any of the East India Companies of the major European trading powers of the 17th through the 19th centuries...
, built in the Scarano Brothers Shipyard in Albany, New YorkAlbany, New YorkAlbany is the capital city of the U.S. state of New York, the seat of Albany County, and the central city of New York's Capital District. Roughly north of New York City, Albany sits on the west bank of the Hudson River, about south of its confluence with the Mohawk River...
, in 2000. The original Friendship made 15 voyages during her career to Batavia, IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, South AmericaSouth AmericaSouth America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, the CaribbeanCaribbeanThe Caribbean is a crescent-shaped group of islands more than 2,000 miles long separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north...
, EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, the Mediterranean, and RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. She was captured as a prize of war by the British in September 1812.
- Derby Wharf (1762, extended 1806) - Salem's longest wharf (nearly 1/2 mile). When in active use, it was lined with warehouses of goods from around the world. The Derby Wharf LightDerby Wharf LightDerby Wharf Light Station is a historic lighthouse on Derby Wharf in Salem, Massachusetts that is within the Salem Maritime National Historic Site....
(1871) remains at the end of the wharf.
- Derby House (1762) - built in 1762 by Captain Richard Derby as a wedding gift for his son, a fine example of Georgian architecture.
- Narbonne House (1675) - The part of the house with the high peaked roof was built by butcher Thomas Ives, who later added a lean-to the south side and a kitchen lean-to at the back. Around 1740 the southern lean-to was replaced by today's gambrel-roofed addition. From 1750 to 1780, the house was owned by Capt. Joseph Hodges, and in 1780 the house was purchased by tanner Jonathan Andrew. The house was lived in by descendants of the Andrew family from 1780 to 1964, when the house was sold to the National Park ServiceNational Park ServiceThe National Park Service is the U.S. federal agency that manages all national parks, many national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations...
.
- Hawkes House (1780, 1800) - designed by famous Salem architect Samuel McIntireSamuel McIntireSamuel McIntyre was an American architect and craftsman, Chestnut Street District, a legacy to one of the earliest architects in the United States, Samuel McIntyre is a primary example of Federal style architecture....
, building began in 1780. The unfinished building was purchased and completed around 1800 by Benjamin Hawkes.
- Salem Custom House (1819) - the 13th Custom House in Salem; the first was built in 1649. Each collected taxes on imported cargoes.
External links
- Salem Maritime National Historic Site
- McIntire Historic District
- The Custom House
- Washington Square Historic District
- Architecture in the 17th and 18th Centuries in Salem Massachusetts
- http://www.awiatsea.com/Privateers/G/Grand%20Turk%20Massachusetts%20Ship%20%5BSimmons%20Pratt%5D.html Grand Turk was a purpose built privateer ship of 300 tons, designed for speed and yet still having a good cargo capacity. She was pierced for twenty-eight guns and was built for the firm controlled by Elias Hasket Derby. Grand Turk was wrought by Thomas Barstow at his Two Oaks yard in Hanover, Massachusetts. One of Derby’s captains, James Gibaut, was sent to Hanover to supervise the construction. It is of interest to note that she was largely paid for by barter, with goods (rum, butter) being exchanged for the labor and materials. It is also of interest to note that Grand Turk was coppered. She was launched in May 1781.]