Richard Ingle
Encyclopedia
Richard Ingle was an English
colonial seaman and tobacco
trader in the America
n colonies who took over the government of the colony of Maryland
in 1645.
Most of the Ingle's background is unknown. He was born in England, possibly in London, around 1609 into a protestant family that schooled him. He became a trader and ship captain. Ingle transported goods of Maryland traders from England and back and became prominent tobacco trader.
When the English Civil War
broke out, Ingle sided with the Puritans. He fell out with the catholic leaders of Maryland, and when the royalist
governor Leonard Calvert
seized his ship, he escaped.
Ingle returned in February 1645 with the ship Reformation and attacked the Maryland colony in the name of Parliament. He attacked the settlement of St. Mary's and imprisoned leaders of the colony. Royalist proprietary governor Leonard Calvert
fled to Virginia
.
Ingle took control of the Maryland government. Under Ingle's leadership, his men looted property of wealthy Roman Catholic settlers. Ingle claimed that he had letter of marque
to cruise in the waters of Shesapeake (Chesapeake Bay
) and the permission of a new government in England. Local settlers regarded him as a pirate. He put two Jesuit priests to chains and transported them back to England. The events are known as the "Claiborne and Ingle's rebellion".
Governor Calvert returned in August 1646 and reestablished his control. Though most of his men were granted amnesty
, Ingle was specifically excepted from it and executed.
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
colonial seaman and tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
trader in the America
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
n colonies who took over the government of the colony of Maryland
Maryland
Maryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east...
in 1645.
Most of the Ingle's background is unknown. He was born in England, possibly in London, around 1609 into a protestant family that schooled him. He became a trader and ship captain. Ingle transported goods of Maryland traders from England and back and became prominent tobacco trader.
When the English Civil War
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
broke out, Ingle sided with the Puritans. He fell out with the catholic leaders of Maryland, and when the royalist
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
governor Leonard Calvert
Leonard Calvert
Leonard Calvert was the 1st Proprietary Governor of Maryland. He was the second son of George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, the first proprietary of the Province of Maryland...
seized his ship, he escaped.
Ingle returned in February 1645 with the ship Reformation and attacked the Maryland colony in the name of Parliament. He attacked the settlement of St. Mary's and imprisoned leaders of the colony. Royalist proprietary governor Leonard Calvert
Leonard Calvert
Leonard Calvert was the 1st Proprietary Governor of Maryland. He was the second son of George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, the first proprietary of the Province of Maryland...
fled to Virginia
Virginia
The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...
.
Ingle took control of the Maryland government. Under Ingle's leadership, his men looted property of wealthy Roman Catholic settlers. Ingle claimed that he had letter of marque
Letter of marque
In the days of fighting sail, a Letter of Marque and Reprisal was a government licence authorizing a person to attack and capture enemy vessels, and bring them before admiralty courts for condemnation and sale...
to cruise in the waters of Shesapeake (Chesapeake Bay
Chesapeake Bay
The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States. It lies off the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by Maryland and Virginia. The Chesapeake Bay's drainage basin covers in the District of Columbia and parts of six states: New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West...
) and the permission of a new government in England. Local settlers regarded him as a pirate. He put two Jesuit priests to chains and transported them back to England. The events are known as the "Claiborne and Ingle's rebellion".
Governor Calvert returned in August 1646 and reestablished his control. Though most of his men were granted amnesty
Amnesty
Amnesty is a legislative or executive act by which a state restores those who may have been guilty of an offense against it to the positions of innocent people, without changing the laws defining the offense. It includes more than pardon, in as much as it obliterates all legal remembrance of the...
, Ingle was specifically excepted from it and executed.
Books
- Edward Ingle - Captain Richard Ingle, the Maryland Pirate and Rebel (Baltimore 1884)
- Timothy B. Riordan - Plundering Time: Maryland and the English Civil War, 1645-1646 (Baltimore 2004)