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Ranunculales
 
 
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Ranunculales is an order
Order (biology)

In Biological classification used in biology, the order is a taxonomic rank between class and family . The superorder is a rank between class and order....
 of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s. Of necessity it contains the family Ranunculaceae
Ranunculaceae

Ranunculaceae is a family of flowering plants also known as the "buttercup family" or "crowfoot family". The family name is derived from the genus Ranunculus....
, the buttercup family.

The APG system
APG system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG system of plant classification was published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The system is unusual in being based, not on total evidence, but on the cladistics analysis of the DNA sequences of three genes, two chloroplast genes and one gene coding for ribosomes....
 (1998) and the APG II system
APG II system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in...
 (2003) both recognize the order and place it among the basal eudicots
Eudicots

Eudicots and Eudicotyledons are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors....
, not assigned to a further clade. These systems use this circumscription: Note: "+ ..." = optional segregrate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.

Under this definition, well-known members of Ranunculales include buttercups, clematis
Clematis

Clematis is a genus of mostly vigorous climbing lianas, with attractive flowers. Some species are shrubby, and some others are herbaceous perennial plants....
, columbines
Aquilegia

Aquilegia is a genus of about 60-70 species of columbines, herbaceous perennial plants that are found in meadows, woodlands, and at higher altitudes throughout the Northern Hemisphere....
, delphinium
Delphinium

Delphinium is a genus of about 250 species of annual, biennial or perennial flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa....
s, and poppies
Poppy

A poppy is any of a number of showy flowers, typically withone per Plant stem, belonging to the Papaveraceae. They include a number of attractive wildflower species with showy flowers found growing singularly or in large groups; many species are also grown in gardens....
.

The Cronquist system
Cronquist system

A list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants . This system was developed by Arthur Cronquist in his texts An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants and The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants ....
 (1981) also recognised the order, but placed it in the subclass Magnoliidae
Magnoliidae

Magnoliidae are a group of about 9,000 species of flowering plants, including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, and many others....
, in class Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida

Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its wiktionary:circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classification system being discussed....
 [= dicotyledons].






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Ranunculales is an order
Order (biology)

In Biological classification used in biology, the order is a taxonomic rank between class and family . The superorder is a rank between class and order....
 of flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
s. Of necessity it contains the family Ranunculaceae
Ranunculaceae

Ranunculaceae is a family of flowering plants also known as the "buttercup family" or "crowfoot family". The family name is derived from the genus Ranunculus....
, the buttercup family.

The APG system
APG system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG system of plant classification was published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The system is unusual in being based, not on total evidence, but on the cladistics analysis of the DNA sequences of three genes, two chloroplast genes and one gene coding for ribosomes....
 (1998) and the APG II system
APG II system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in...
 (2003) both recognize the order and place it among the basal eudicots
Eudicots

Eudicots and Eudicotyledons are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors....
, not assigned to a further clade. These systems use this circumscription:
  • order Ranunculales
    family Berberidaceae
    Berberidaceae

    Berberidaceae is a family of 15 genera flowering plants commonly called the barberry family. This family is in the order Ranunculales. The family contains about 570 species, of which the majority are in Berberis....
    family Circaeasteraceae
    Circaeasteraceae

    Circaeasteraceae is a family of one to two species of herbaceous plants native to China and the Himalayas.The family has been recognized by many taxonomists....
  • [+ family Kingdoniaceae
    Kingdoniaceae

    Kingdonia uniflora is a species of perennial plant herbaceous plants native to China. The plants have one leaf and a short flower stalk with a small flower....
     ]
    family Eupteleaceae
    Eupteleaceae

    Eupteleaceae is a family of flowering plants.The family has been recognized by many taxonomists. The APG II system , recognizes it and places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudicots....
    family Lardizabalaceae
    Lardizabalaceae

    Lardizabalaceae is a family of flowering plants.The family has been universally recognized by taxonomists, including the APG II system , which places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudicots....
    family Menispermaceae
    Menispermaceae

    Menispermaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been universally recognized by taxonomists. curare, a neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in curare, is derived from plants of this family....
    family Papaveraceae
    Papaveraceae

    Papaveraceae is a family of flowering plants. The family has been universally recognized by taxonomists, and is also known as the "poppy family"....
  • [+ family Fumariaceae
    Fumariaceae

    Fumariaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by a fair number of taxonomists: it is sometimes called the "Fumitory family"....
     ]
  • [+ family Pteridophyllaceae ]
    family Ranunculaceae
    Ranunculaceae

    Ranunculaceae is a family of flowering plants also known as the "buttercup family" or "crowfoot family". The family name is derived from the genus Ranunculus....
Note: "+ ..." = optional segregrate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.

Under this definition, well-known members of Ranunculales include buttercups, clematis
Clematis

Clematis is a genus of mostly vigorous climbing lianas, with attractive flowers. Some species are shrubby, and some others are herbaceous perennial plants....
, columbines
Aquilegia

Aquilegia is a genus of about 60-70 species of columbines, herbaceous perennial plants that are found in meadows, woodlands, and at higher altitudes throughout the Northern Hemisphere....
, delphinium
Delphinium

Delphinium is a genus of about 250 species of annual, biennial or perennial flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa....
s, and poppies
Poppy

A poppy is any of a number of showy flowers, typically withone per Plant stem, belonging to the Papaveraceae. They include a number of attractive wildflower species with showy flowers found growing singularly or in large groups; many species are also grown in gardens....
.

The Cronquist system
Cronquist system

A list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants . This system was developed by Arthur Cronquist in his texts An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants and The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants ....
 (1981) also recognised the order, but placed it in the subclass Magnoliidae
Magnoliidae

Magnoliidae are a group of about 9,000 species of flowering plants, including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, and many others....
, in class Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida

Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its wiktionary:circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classification system being discussed....
 [= dicotyledons]. It used this circumscription:
  • order Ranunculales
    family Ranunculaceae
    Ranunculaceae

    Ranunculaceae is a family of flowering plants also known as the "buttercup family" or "crowfoot family". The family name is derived from the genus Ranunculus....
    family Circaeasteraceae
    Circaeasteraceae

    Circaeasteraceae is a family of one to two species of herbaceous plants native to China and the Himalayas.The family has been recognized by many taxonomists....
    family Berberidaceae
    Berberidaceae

    Berberidaceae is a family of 15 genera flowering plants commonly called the barberry family. This family is in the order Ranunculales. The family contains about 570 species, of which the majority are in Berberis....
    family Sargentodoxaceae
    family Lardizabalaceae
    Lardizabalaceae

    Lardizabalaceae is a family of flowering plants.The family has been universally recognized by taxonomists, including the APG II system , which places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudicots....
    family Menispermaceae
    Menispermaceae

    Menispermaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been universally recognized by taxonomists. curare, a neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in curare, is derived from plants of this family....
    family Coriariaceae
    family Sabiaceae
    Sabiaceae

    Sabiaceae is a family of flowering plants, native to tropical to warm temperate regions of southern Asia and the Americas.In the Cronquist system the family was placed in the order Ranunculales, but more recent classifications place it as the sole family in the order Sabiales, or , as unplaced to order and left among the basal linea...


In the Cronquist system the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae (including the plants in the optional family Pteridophyllaceae) were treated as a separate order Papaverales, placed in this same subclass Magnoliidae.

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