Popular Front (Spain)

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Popular Front (Spain)

The Popular Front in Spain

Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
's Second Republic was an electoral coalition

Coalition

A coalition is an Wiktionary:alliance among individuals, during which they cooperate in Joint venture, each in his own self-interest. Joining forces together for a common cause....
and pact signed in January 1936 by various left-wing political

Left-wing politics

In politics, left-wing, leftist, and the Left are terms applied to Social progressivism and Egalitarianism positions. Originally, during the French Revolution, left-wing referred to seating arrangements in parliament; those who sat on the left opposed the monarchy and supported Political radicalism reform....
organisations, instigated by Manuel Azaña

Manuel Azaña

Dr. Manuel Aza?a D?az was a Spain politician, the second and last President of Spain of the Second Spanish Republic. He had previously served as Minister of War in the first government of the Republic , and as Prime Minister of Spain between June 1931 and September 1933, prior to becoming President ....
for the purpose of contesting that year's election

Election

An election is a decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office. This is the usual mechanism by which modern Representative democracy fills offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional government and local government....
.

The Popular Front included the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials, PSOE , is the ruling party in Spain and the second oldest, exceeded only by the Carlism, founded in 1833....
(PSOE), Workers' General Union (UGT), Communist Party of Spain

Communist Party of Spain

The Communist Party of Spain is the third largest national political party of Spain. It is the largest member organization of the coalition United Left and has influence in the largest union of Spain, Workers' Commissions ....
(PCE), the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification

Workers' Party of Marxist Unification

The Workers' Party of Marxist Unification was a Spain Communism political party formed during the Second Spanish Republic, and mainly active around the time of the Spanish Civil War....
(POUM, independent communist) and the republicans: Republican Left (IR), (led by Azaña) and Republican Union Party

Republican Union Party

The Republican Union Party were a Political center political party in Spain led by Diego Martinez Barrio, formed as a split from the Radical Party ....
(UR), led by Diego Martínez Barrio

Diego Martínez Barrio

Diego Mart?nez y Barrio was a Spain politician during the Second Spanish Republic, Prime Minister of Spain between 9 October 1933 and 26 December 1933 and was briefly appointed again by Manuel Aza?a after the resignation of Santiago Casares Quiroga, on July 19 1936 - three days after the beginning of the Spanish Civil War....
.

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The Popular Front in Spain

Spain

Coalition

Left-wing politics

Manuel Azaña

Election

Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

Communist Party of Spain

Workers' Party of Marxist Unification

Republican Union Party

The Republican Union Party were a Political center political party in Spain led by Diego Martinez Barrio, formed as a split from the Radical Party ....
(UR), led by Diego Martínez Barrio

Diego Martínez Barrio

Galician nationalism

Galician nationalism is a political movement claiming for the recognition of Galicia as a nation. The political movement referred to as modern Galician nationalism was born in the beginnings of the twentieth century from the idea of Galicianism ....
(PG

Partido Galeguista (1931)

The Partido Galeguista was a Galician nationalism party founded in December 1931. It achieved notoriety during the time of the Spanish Second Republic....
) and Catalan

Catalan nationalism

Catalan nationalism, or Catalanism , is a Politics movement advocating for either further political autonomy or full independence of Catalonia....
nationalists

Nationalism

Nationalism refers to an ideology, a feeling, a form of culture, or a social movement that focuses on the nation. While there is significant debate over the historical origins of nations, nearly all Expert accept that nationalism, at least as an ideology and social movement, is a Modernity phenomenon originating in Europe....
(such as the Esquerra Party

Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya

The Republican Left of Catalonia is a left-wing Catalan independentism political party in Spain campaigning for the independence of Catalonia from this country....
), and the anarchist

Anarchism in Spain

Anarchism has historically gained more support and influence in Spain than anywhere else, especially before Francisco Franco's victory in the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939....
trade union, the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo

Confederación Nacional del Trabajo

The Confederaci?n Nacional del Trabajo is a Spain confederation of anarcho-syndicalist labor unions affiliated with the International Workers Association ....
(CNT). Many anarchists who would later fight alongside Popular Front forces during the Spanish Civil War

Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted coup d'?tat by a group of Spanish Army generals, supported by the conservative Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right , Carlist groups and the fascistic Falange, against the government of the Second Spanish Republic, then under the leadership of pr...
did not support them in the election, urging abstention instead.

The Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1953....
-controlled Comintern

Comintern

The 'Comintern' was an international Communism organization founded in Moscow in March 1919. The International intended to fight "by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of the international bourgeoisie and for the creation of an international Soviet republic as a transition stage to the complete abolition of the Sta...
had decided in 1935 that, in response to the growth of Fascism

Fascism

Fascism is a Political radicalism, Authoritarianism Nationalism ideology that aims to create a single-party state with a government led by a dictator who seeks national unity and development by requiring individuals to subordinate self-interest to the collective interest of the nation or Race ....
, popular front

Popular front

A popular front is a broad coalition of different political groupings, often made up of Left-wing politics and Centrism who are united by opposition to another group ....
s allying Communist parties with other anti-Fascist

Anti-fascism

Anti-fascism is the opposition to fascism ideologies, organizations, governments and people. Another term for anti-fascism is antifa. Most major Resistance during World War II were anti-fascist....
parties including Socialist and even bourgeois parties were advisable. In Spain, it was a coalition between leftist republicans and workers' organizations to defend social reforms of the first government (1931-1933) of the Second Spanish Republic, and liberate the prisoners, political prisoner

Political prisoner

A political prisoner is someone held in prison or otherwise detained, perhaps under house arrest, for his or her involvement in Politics....
s according with the front propaganda, held since the Asturian October Revolution (1934).

The Popular Front defeated the National Front

National Front (Spain)

In Spain, the National Front was a far right political party. The National Front was founded and directed by Blas Pi?ar as a successor to the Fuerza Nueva....
(a collection of right-wing

Right-wing politics

In politics, right-wing, rightist and the Right are terms applied to Conservatism and reactionary positions. Originally, during the French Revolution, right-wing referred to seating arrangements in parliament; those who sat on the right supported the monarchy and aristocracy....
parties) and won the 1936 election, forming the new Spanish Government. Manuel Azaña was elected President of the Republic on May 1936, but the PSOE didn't join the government because of the opposition of Francisco Largo Caballero

Francisco Largo Caballero

Francisco Largo Caballero was a Spain politician and trade unionist. He was one of the historic leaders of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and of the Workers' General Union ....
.

In July 1936, Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco

Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Te?dulo Franco y Bahamonde, Salgado y Pardo de Andrade , commonly known as Francisco Franco or Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was the dictator and Head of State of Spain from October 1936, and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in 1975....
and other conservative

Conservatism

Conservatism is a political and social term whose meaning has changed in different countries and time periods, but which usually indicates support for the status quo or the status quo ante....
/monarchist

Monarchism

Monarchism is the advocacy of the establishment, preservation, or restoration of a monarchy as a form of government in a nation. A monarchist is an individual who supports this form of government out of principle, independent from the person, the Monarch....
generals instigated a coup d'état

Coup d'état

A coup d??tat , often simply called a coup, is the sudden unconstitutional overthrow of a government by a part of the state establishment – usually the military – to replace the branch of the stricken government, either with another civil government or with a military government....
which started the Spanish Civil War

Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted coup d'?tat by a group of Spanish Army generals, supported by the conservative Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right , Carlist groups and the fascistic Falange, against the government of the Second Spanish Republic, then under the leadership of pr...
(1936-1939). The Government dissolved the army in the loyal territory and brought weapons to armed groups organized by the unions (UGT and CNT) and workers' parties (PSOE, PCE, POUM) that had initial success in defeating the Francoist forces in Madrid

Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
, Barcelona

Barcelona

Barcelona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous communities of Spain of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, with a population of 1,615,908 in 2008, while the population of the Metropolitan Area was 3,161,081....
, Bilbao

Bilbao

Bilbao, is the largest city in the Basque Country in northern Spain and the capital of the province of Biscay .The city has 354,145 inhabitants and is the most financially and industrially active part of Greater Bilbao, the zone in which almost half of the Basque Country?s population lives....
and Valencia. Ultimately though Franco would defeat the Popular Front forces and rule Spain as a dictatorship

Spain under Franco

Francisco Franco became the undisputed dictator of Spain when he defeated the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War. Franco declared an official end of hostilities on April 1 1939, and reworked the name of the republic into the ?Spanish State,? a new moniker attempting to distinguish the new regime from both the monarchy and the republic...
until he died in 1975.

Popular Front (Spain)

See also