Politics of Lombardy
Encyclopedia
The Politics of Lombardy
, Italy
, takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential
representative democracy
, whereby the President of the Region
is the head of government
, and of a pluriform multi-party system
. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council of Lombardy
, while executive power
is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute is in force since 2008. Roberto Formigoni
has been President since 1995.
Although many local authorities of Lombardy, as all Italy, were ruled the Liberal-conservative coalition that governed the country prior to the rise of Fascism
, the region was also the birthplace of the Italian Labour Party
, forerunner of the Italian Socialist Party
and its eastern and northern provinces were an early stronghold of the Italian People's Party
. After World War II
Lombardy became a stronghold of the Christian Democracy
and later of the Italian Socialist Party
, which was especially strong in Milan, where Bettino Craxi
hailed from.
Traditionally, Lombardy gives centrist
results during elections, reflecting the strong middle class
which heavily composes its society. The Communists
and their successors lost all the regional and general elections they contested, while Lombardy was one of the few regions which did not return an absolute majority to the National Fascist Party
during the 1924 general election
which led Italy to dictatorship.
In the 1980s Lombardy saw the organization of a new regionalist party, Lega Lombarda
(later Lega Nord), that would have played a major role in Italian politics since the early 1990s. Lombardy is now a stronghold of the centre-right
coalition between The People of Freedom
, the largest party in the region, founded by Lombard entrepreneur Silvio Berlusconi
, and Lega Nord. The coalition has governed the region since 1995, although Lega Nord joined the regional government only in 2000.
constituencies by proportional representation
using the largest remainder method
with a Droop quota
and open list
s, while 16 councillors (elected in a general ticket
) come from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat is reserved for the candidate who comes second. If a coalition wins more than 50% of the total seats in the Council with PR, as happened during the 2000 election
, only 8 candidates from the regional list will be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72. If the winning coalition receives less than 50% of votes, as happened during the 1995 election
, special seats are added to the Council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.
The Council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt, simul cadent prevision introduced in 1999 (literally they will stand together or they will fall together), also the Council is dissolved and a snap election is called.
Source: Regional Council of Lombardy
(Assessori, literally "aldermen"), including a Vice President (Vice Presidente), while 4 under-secretaries (Sottosegretari) help the President but have not right of vote when the cabinet meets.
is Roberto Formigoni
, who is serving for his fourth consecutive term after winning the 2010 regional election
.
is divided in twelve provinces
, which are a traditional form of local administration in the region, the first ones being yet established under Habsburg rule by Maria Theresa of Austria
in the 18th century. Socialist
and Christian-democratic
ideas had an early diffusion in quite all the provinces around World War I
. After the Fascist
parenthesis, left-wing
parties found their strongholds in south-eastern agricoltural provinces near Emilia
, especially in the Province of Mantua
, while Christian Democracy
obtained high scores in the northern mountainous part of the Region, where nowadays Lega Lombarda
–Lega Nord gets a strong backing. The city of Milan
is one of major national strongholds of The People of Freedom
, although in the last municipal election the left-wing prevailed.
(municipalities
), which have even more history, having been established in the Middle Ages
when they were the main places of government. 15 comuni have more than 50,000 inhabitants, most of which are ruled by the centre-right.
of The People of Freedom
, was re-elected for a fourth consecutive term as President of the Region, with the support also of Lega Lombarda
–Lega Nord.
Lombardy
Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region, making it the most populous and richest region in the country and one of the richest in the whole of Europe...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential
Semi-presidential system
The semi-presidential system is a system of government in which a president and a prime minister are both active participants in the day-to-day administration of the state...
representative democracy
Representative democracy
Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to autocracy and direct democracy...
, whereby the President of the Region
President of Lombardy
The President of Lombardy is the supreme authority of Lombardy, the most populated Region of Italy.-Election:Originally appointed by the Regional Council of Lombardy, since 1995 de facto and 2000 de jure, he is elected by popular vote every five years under universal suffrage: the candidate who...
is the head of government
Head of government
Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
, and of a pluriform multi-party system
Multi-party system
A multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition, e.g.The Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition in the United Kingdom formed in 2010. The effective number of parties in a multi-party system is normally...
. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council of Lombardy
Regional Council of Lombardy
The Regional Council of Lombardy is the legislative assembly of Lombardy.It was first elected in 1970, when the ordinary regions were instituted, on the basis of the Constitution of Italy of 1948.-Composition:...
, while executive power
Executive Power
Executive Power is Vince Flynn's fifth novel, and the fourth to feature Mitch Rapp, an American agent that works for the CIA as an operative for a covert counter terrorism unit called the "Orion Team."-Plot summary:...
is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute is in force since 2008. Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician, and the current President of Lombardy Region, Italy.-Life and career:Graduated in Philosophy at the Catholic University of Milan, he studied political economy at the Sorbonne, in Paris....
has been President since 1995.
Although many local authorities of Lombardy, as all Italy, were ruled the Liberal-conservative coalition that governed the country prior to the rise of Fascism
Italian Fascism
Italian Fascism also known as Fascism with a capital "F" refers to the original fascist ideology in Italy. This ideology is associated with the National Fascist Party which under Benito Mussolini ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 until 1943, the Republican Fascist Party which ruled the Italian...
, the region was also the birthplace of the Italian Labour Party
Italian Labour Party
The Italian Labour Party was a socialist political party in Italy.It was founded in 1882 in Milan by Giuseppe Croce and Costantino Lazzari and was supported externally by the Milanese Socialist League of Filippo Turati...
, forerunner of the Italian Socialist Party
Italian Socialist Party
The Italian Socialist Party was a socialist and later social-democratic political party in Italy founded in Genoa in 1892.Once the dominant leftist party in Italy, it was eclipsed in status by the Italian Communist Party following World War II...
and its eastern and northern provinces were an early stronghold of the Italian People's Party
Italian People's Party (1919–1926)
The Italian People's Party was a Christian-democratic political party in Italy.It was founded in 1919 by Luigi Sturzo, a Catholic priest. The PPI was backed by Pope Benedict XV to oppose the Italian Socialist Party...
. After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Lombardy became a stronghold of the Christian Democracy
Christian Democracy (Italy)
Christian Democracy was a Christian democratic party in Italy. It was founded in 1943 as the ideological successor of the historical Italian People's Party, which had the same symbol, a crossed shield ....
and later of the Italian Socialist Party
Italian Socialist Party
The Italian Socialist Party was a socialist and later social-democratic political party in Italy founded in Genoa in 1892.Once the dominant leftist party in Italy, it was eclipsed in status by the Italian Communist Party following World War II...
, which was especially strong in Milan, where Bettino Craxi
Bettino Craxi
Benedetto Craxi was an Italian politician, head of the Italian Socialist Party from 1976 to 1993, the first socialist President of the Council of Ministers of Italy from 1983 to 1987.-Political career:...
hailed from.
Traditionally, Lombardy gives centrist
Centrism
In politics, centrism is the ideal or the practice of promoting policies that lie different from the standard political left and political right. Most commonly, this is visualized as part of the one-dimensional political spectrum of left-right politics, with centrism landing in the middle between...
results during elections, reflecting the strong middle class
Middle class
The middle class is any class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class....
which heavily composes its society. The Communists
Italian Communist Party
The Italian Communist Party was a communist political party in Italy.The PCI was founded as Communist Party of Italy on 21 January 1921 in Livorno, by seceding from the Italian Socialist Party . Amadeo Bordiga and Antonio Gramsci led the split. Outlawed during the Fascist regime, the party played...
and their successors lost all the regional and general elections they contested, while Lombardy was one of the few regions which did not return an absolute majority to the National Fascist Party
National Fascist Party
The National Fascist Party was an Italian political party, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of fascism...
during the 1924 general election
Italian general election, 1924
The Italian general election of 1924 took place on 6 April 1924, under the Acerbo Law. The National Fascist Party used intimidation tactics that produced a landslide victory for Benito Mussolini's "National List" and a subsequent two-thirds majority The Italian general election of 1924 took place...
which led Italy to dictatorship.
In the 1980s Lombardy saw the organization of a new regionalist party, Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region....
(later Lega Nord), that would have played a major role in Italian politics since the early 1990s. Lombardy is now a stronghold of the centre-right
Centre-right
The centre-right or center-right is a political term commonly used to describe or denote individuals, political parties, or organizations whose views stretch from the centre to the right on the left-right spectrum, excluding far right stances. Centre-right can also describe a coalition of centrist...
coalition between The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system....
, the largest party in the region, founded by Lombard entrepreneur Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi , also known as Il Cavaliere – from knighthood to the Order of Merit for Labour which he received in 1977 – is an Italian politician and businessman who served three terms as Prime Minister of Italy, from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006, and 2008 to 2011. Berlusconi is also the...
, and Lega Nord. The coalition has governed the region since 1995, although Lega Nord joined the regional government only in 2000.
Legislative branch
The Regional Council of Lombardy is composed of 80 members. 64 councillors are elected in provincialProvinces of Italy
In Italy, a province is an administrative division of intermediate level between a municipality and a region .-Overview:...
constituencies by proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
using the largest remainder method
Largest remainder method
The largest remainder method is one way of allocating seats proportionally for representative assemblies with party list voting systems...
with a Droop quota
Droop Quota
The Droop quota is the quota most commonly used in elections held under the Single Transferable Vote system. It is also sometimes used in elections held under the largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation . In an STV election the quota is the minimum number of votes a...
and open list
Open list
Open list describes any variant of party-list proportional representation where voters have at least some influence on the order in which a party's candidates are elected...
s, while 16 councillors (elected in a general ticket
General ticket
General ticket representation is a term used to describe a particular method of electing members of a multi-member state delegation to the United States House of Representatives...
) come from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat is reserved for the candidate who comes second. If a coalition wins more than 50% of the total seats in the Council with PR, as happened during the 2000 election
Lombard regional election, 2000
The Lombard regional election of 2000 took place on 16 April 2000. The 7th term of the Regional Council was chosen.Roberto Formigoni was re-elected for the second time in a row President, defeating Mino Martinazzoli...
, only 8 candidates from the regional list will be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72. If the winning coalition receives less than 50% of votes, as happened during the 1995 election
Lombard regional election, 1995
The Lombard regional election of 1995 took place on 23 April 1995. The 6th term of the Regional Council was chosen.For the first time the President of the Region was directly elected by the people, although the election was not yet binding and the President-elect could have been replaced during the...
, special seats are added to the Council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.
The Council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt, simul cadent prevision introduced in 1999 (literally they will stand together or they will fall together), also the Council is dissolved and a snap election is called.
2010–2015 composition
| Distribution of Seats in the Regional Council | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Political Group | Leader | 2010 | Now |
| The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
Paolo Valentini Puccitelli | 29 | 29 |
| Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
Luca Gaffuri | 22 | 22 |
| Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... –Lega Nord |
Stefano Galli | 20 | 20 |
| Italy of Values Italy of Values Italy of Values is a centrist, populist and anti-corruption political party in Italy. The party, which is affiliated to the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party , is headed by former Mani pulite prosecutor Antonio Di Pietro, who entered politics in 1996.The party aims to gather and give... |
Stefano Zamponi | 4 | 4 |
| Union of the Centre | Gianmarco Quadrini | 3 | 3 |
| Left Ecology Freedom | Chiara Cremonesi | 1 | 1 |
| Pensioners' Party Pensioners' Party (Italy) The Pensioners' Party is a centrist Italian political party. It was founded in 1987 in Milan and its current leader is Carlo Fatuzzo.... |
Elisabetta Fatuzzo | 1 | 1 |
Source: Regional Council of Lombardy
Executive branch
The Regional Cabinet (Giunta Regionale) is presided by the President of the Region (Presidente della Regione), who is elected for a five-year term, and is currently composed by 17 members: the President and 16 regional assessorsAssessor (Italy)
In Italy an Assessor is a member of a Giunta, the executive body in all levels of local government: regions, provinces and communes....
(Assessori, literally "aldermen"), including a Vice President (Vice Presidente), while 4 under-secretaries (Sottosegretari) help the President but have not right of vote when the cabinet meets.
2010–2015 composition
| Party | Members |
|---|---|
| The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
President President of Lombardy The President of Lombardy is the supreme authority of Lombardy, the most populated Region of Italy.-Election:Originally appointed by the Regional Council of Lombardy, since 1995 de facto and 2000 de jure, he is elected by popular vote every five years under universal suffrage: the candidate who... and a 11 assessors |
| Lega Nord | 5 assessors |
List of Presidents
The current President of LombardyPresident of Lombardy
The President of Lombardy is the supreme authority of Lombardy, the most populated Region of Italy.-Election:Originally appointed by the Regional Council of Lombardy, since 1995 de facto and 2000 de jure, he is elected by popular vote every five years under universal suffrage: the candidate who...
is Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician, and the current President of Lombardy Region, Italy.-Life and career:Graduated in Philosophy at the Catholic University of Milan, he studied political economy at the Sorbonne, in Paris....
, who is serving for his fourth consecutive term after winning the 2010 regional election
Lombard regional election, 2010
The Lombard regional election of 2010 took place on 28–29 March 2010. The 9th term of the Regional Council was chosen.Roberto Formigoni, who was the longest-serving President of Region in Italy along with Giancarlo Galan of Veneto, obtained a historic fourth consecutive term. His opponent was...
.
Provinces
LombardyLombardy
Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region, making it the most populous and richest region in the country and one of the richest in the whole of Europe...
is divided in twelve provinces
Provinces of Italy
In Italy, a province is an administrative division of intermediate level between a municipality and a region .-Overview:...
, which are a traditional form of local administration in the region, the first ones being yet established under Habsburg rule by Maria Theresa of Austria
Maria Theresa of Austria
Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma...
in the 18th century. Socialist
Socialism
Socialism is an economic system characterized by social ownership of the means of production and cooperative management of the economy; or a political philosophy advocating such a system. "Social ownership" may refer to any one of, or a combination of, the following: cooperative enterprises,...
and Christian-democratic
Christian Democracy
Christian democracy is a political ideology that seeks to apply Christian principles to public policy. It emerged in nineteenth-century Europe under the influence of conservatism and Catholic social teaching...
ideas had an early diffusion in quite all the provinces around World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. After the Fascist
Italian Fascism
Italian Fascism also known as Fascism with a capital "F" refers to the original fascist ideology in Italy. This ideology is associated with the National Fascist Party which under Benito Mussolini ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 until 1943, the Republican Fascist Party which ruled the Italian...
parenthesis, left-wing
Left-wing politics
In politics, Left, left-wing and leftist generally refer to support for social change to create a more egalitarian society...
parties found their strongholds in south-eastern agricoltural provinces near Emilia
Emilia (region of Italy)
Emilia is a historical region of northern Italy which approximately corresponds to the western and north-eastern portions of today’s Emilia-Romagna region...
, especially in the Province of Mantua
Province of Mantua
The Province of Mantua is a province in the Lombardy region of northern Italy. Its capital is the city of Mantua.-Communes:It includes 70 comuni , ranging in area from Viadana, with 102.19 km², to Mariana Mantovana, with 8.81 km²....
, while Christian Democracy
Christian Democracy (Italy)
Christian Democracy was a Christian democratic party in Italy. It was founded in 1943 as the ideological successor of the historical Italian People's Party, which had the same symbol, a crossed shield ....
obtained high scores in the northern mountainous part of the Region, where nowadays Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region....
–Lega Nord gets a strong backing. The city of Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...
is one of major national strongholds of The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system....
, although in the last municipal election the left-wing prevailed.
| Province | Inhabitants | established | President | Party | since | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Milan Province of Milan The Province of Milan : /) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Milan. The provincial territory is highly urbanized, resulting in the third highest population density among the Italian provinces with more than 2,000 inhabitants/km2, just behind the provinces of... |
3,156,694 | 1754 |
Guido Podestà Guido Podestà Guido Podestà is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for North-West with the Forza Italia, part of the European People's Party and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection... |
The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Brescia Province of Brescia The Province of Brescia is a Province in Lombardy, Italy. It borders with the province of Sondrio in the N and NW, the province of Bergamo in the W, province of Cremona in the SW and S, the province of Mantova to the S, and to the east, the province of Verona and Trentino .Source for statistical... |
1,256,025 | 1797 |
Daniele Molgora | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2009 | |
| Bergamo Province of Bergamo The Province of Bergamo is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. It has a population of 1,098,740 , an area of 2,722.86 square km, and contains 244 comuni... |
1,098,740 | 1797 |
Ettore Pirovano | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2009 | |
| Varese Province of Varese The Province of Varese is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Varese but its largest city is Busto Arsizio.... |
883,285 | 1927 |
Dario Galli | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2007 | |
| Monza and Brianza | 849,636 | 2009 |
Dario Allevi | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Como Province of Como The Province of Como is a province in the north of the Lombardy region of Italy and borders the Swiss cantons of Ticino and Grigioni to the North, the Italian provinces of Sondrio and Lecco to the East, the Province of Milan to the south and the Province of Varese to the West... |
598,988 | 1786 |
Leonardo Carioni | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2007 | |
| Pavia Province of Pavia The Province of Pavia is a province in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy. Pavia is the capital.It has an area of 2,965 km², and a total population of 493,753... |
548,307 | 1786 |
Daniele Bosone | Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
2011 | |
| Mantua Province of Mantua The Province of Mantua is a province in the Lombardy region of northern Italy. Its capital is the city of Mantua.-Communes:It includes 70 comuni , ranging in area from Viadana, with 102.19 km², to Mariana Mantovana, with 8.81 km².... |
415,442 | 1797 |
Alessandro Pastacci | Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
2011 | |
| Cremona Province of Cremona The Province of Cremona is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Cremona.The province has an area of 1,771 km² and in 2008 census, had a population of 358,628. There are 115 comuni... |
363,606 | 1786 |
Massimiliano Salini | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Lecco Province of Lecco The Province of Lecco is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lecco.On 1 January 2001 the province had a population of 311,452 on a surface of 816 km² divided in 90 communes... |
340,167 | 1995 |
Daniele Nava | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Lodi Province of Lodi The Province of Lodi is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lodi.It has an area of 782 km², and a total population of 209,874 . There are 61 comuni in the province . As of May 31, 2005, the main comuni by population are:- External links :... |
227,665 | 1995 |
Pietro Foroni | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2009 | |
| Sondrio Province of Sondrio The Province of Sondrio is in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the town of Sondrio.It has an area of 3,212 km², and a total population of 176,856... |
183,169 | 1797 |
Massimo Sertori | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2009 | |
Municipalities
Lombardy is also divided in 1,546 comuniComune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
(municipalities
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
), which have even more history, having been established in the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
when they were the main places of government. 15 comuni have more than 50,000 inhabitants, most of which are ruled by the centre-right.
| Municipality | Inhabitants | Mayor | Party | since | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Milan Milan Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,... |
1,324,110 |
Giuliano Pisapia Giuliano Pisapia Giuliano Pisapia is an Italian lawyer and politician, twice member of the Parliament and Mayor of Milan since 1 June 2011... |
Left Ecology Freedom | 2011 | |
| Brescia Brescia Brescia is a city and comune in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Alps, between the Mella and the Naviglio, with a population of around 197,000. It is the second largest city in Lombardy, after the capital, Milan... |
193,879 |
Adriano Paroli | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2008 | |
| Monza Monza Monza is a city and comune on the river Lambro, a tributary of the Po, in the Lombardy region of Italy some 15 km north-northeast of Milan. It is the capital of the Province of Monza and Brianza. It is best known for its Grand Prix motor racing circuit, the Autodromo Nazionale Monza.On June... |
122,712 |
Marco Mariani | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2009 | |
| Bergamo Bergamo Bergamo is a town and comune in Lombardy, Italy, about 40 km northeast of Milan. The comune is home to over 120,000 inhabitants. It is served by the Orio al Serio Airport, which also serves the Province of Bergamo, and to a lesser extent the metropolitan area of Milan... |
119,551 |
Franco Tentorio | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Como Como Como is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy.It is the administrative capital of the Province of Como.... |
85,263 |
Stefano Bruni | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2007 | |
| Busto Arsizio Busto Arsizio Busto Arsizio is a city and comune in the region of Lombardy, in northern Italy, 25 km north of Milan in the province of Varese.The economy of Busto Arsizio is mainly based on industry and commerce.-History:... |
81,760 |
Gianluigi Farioli | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2011 | |
| Varese Varese Varese is a town and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km north of Milan.It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or urban part of the city is called Varesotto.- Geography :... |
81,579 |
Attilio Fontana | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2011 | |
| Sesto San Giovanni Sesto San Giovanni Sesto San Giovanni is a comune in the Milan metropolitan area, located in the province of Milan and region of Lombardy in Italy. Its railway station is the northernmost stop on the Milan Metro M1 line. The city is informally referred to as "Sesto"... |
81,130 |
Giorgio Oldrini | Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
2007 | |
| Cinisello Balsamo Cinisello Balsamo Cinisello Balsamo is a comune of c. 74,000 inhtabitans in the Province of Milan in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 10 km northeast of Milan downtown.... |
74,150 |
Daniela Gasparini | Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
2009 | |
| Cremona Cremona Cremona is a city and comune in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po River in the middle of the Pianura Padana . It is the capital of the province of Cremona and the seat of the local City and Province governments... |
72,147 |
Oreste Perri Oreste Perri Oreste Perri is an Italian sprint canoer who competed from the early 1970s to the early 1980s.Perri was born in Castelverde, in the province of Cremona... |
The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Pavia Pavia Pavia , the ancient Ticinum, is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 35 km south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po. It is the capital of the province of Pavia. It has a population of c. 71,000... |
71,142 |
Alessandro Cattaneo | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2009 | |
| Vigevano Vigevano Vigevano is a town and comune in the province of Pavia, Lombardy, northern Italy, which possesses many artistic treasures and runs a huge industrial business. It is at the center of a district called Lomellina, a great rice-growing agricultural centre... |
63,700 |
Andrea Sala | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region.... |
2010 | |
| Legnano Legnano Legnano is an Italian town and comune with 59.147 inhabitants in the province of Milan, about from Milan.It's crossed by the river Olona, and it's the 13th town for inhabitants in Lombardy.... |
59,147 |
Lorenzo Vitali | The People of Freedom The People of Freedom The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system.... |
2007 | |
| Gallarate Gallarate Gallarate is a city and comune of Lombardy, northern Italy, in the Province of Varese. It has a population of some 51,700.... |
51,751 |
Edoardo Guenzani | Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
2011 | |
| Rho Rho Rho is the 17th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 100. It is derived from Semitic resh "head"... |
50,686 |
Pietro Romano | Democratic Party Democratic Party (Italy) The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy, that is the second-largest in the country. The party is led by Pier Luigi Bersani, who was elected in the 2009 leadership election.... |
2011 | |
Last regional election
In the last regional election, which took place on 28–29 March 2010, Roberto FormigoniRoberto Formigoni
Roberto Formigoni is an Italian politician, and the current President of Lombardy Region, Italy.-Life and career:Graduated in Philosophy at the Catholic University of Milan, he studied political economy at the Sorbonne, in Paris....
of The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system....
, was re-elected for a fourth consecutive term as President of the Region, with the support also of Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda
Lega Lombarda is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy. Led by Giancarlo Giorgetti, the party is the second largest in the region....
–Lega Nord.
List of previous regional elections
- Lombard regional election, 1970Lombard regional election, 1970The Lombard regional election of 1970 took place on 7 June 1970. It was the first-ever regional election.- Electoral law :Election was held under proportional representation with provincial constituencies where the largest remainder method with a Droop quota was used...
- Lombard regional election, 1975Lombard regional election, 1975The Lombard regional election of 1975 took place on 15 June 1975. The 2nd term of the Regional Council was chosen.- Electoral law :Election was held under proportional representation with provincial constituencies where the largest remainder method with a Droop quota was used...
- Lombard regional election, 1980Lombard regional election, 1980The Lombard regional election of 1980 took place on 8 June 1980. The 3rd term of the Regional Council was chosen.- Electoral law :Election was held under proportional representation with provincial constituencies where the largest remainder method with a Droop quota was used...
- Lombard regional election, 1985Lombard regional election, 1985The Lombard regional election of 1985 took place on 12 May 1985. The 4th term of the Regional Council was chosen.- Electoral law :Election was held under proportional representation with provincial constituencies where the largest remainder method with a Droop quota was used...
- Lombard regional election, 1990Lombard regional election, 1990The Lombard regional election of 1990 took place on 6 May 1990. The 5th term of the Regional Council was chosen.- Electoral law :Election was held under proportional representation with provincial constituencies where the largest remainder method with a Droop quota was used...
- Lombard regional election, 1995Lombard regional election, 1995The Lombard regional election of 1995 took place on 23 April 1995. The 6th term of the Regional Council was chosen.For the first time the President of the Region was directly elected by the people, although the election was not yet binding and the President-elect could have been replaced during the...
- Lombard regional election, 2000Lombard regional election, 2000The Lombard regional election of 2000 took place on 16 April 2000. The 7th term of the Regional Council was chosen.Roberto Formigoni was re-elected for the second time in a row President, defeating Mino Martinazzoli...
- Lombard regional election, 2005Lombard regional election, 2005The Lombard regional election of 2005 took place on 3-4 April 2005. The 8th term of the Regional Council was chosen.Roberto Formigoni was re-elected for the third time in a row President, defeating Riccardo Sarfatti.-Electoral law:...