conferences that hold the majority and the minority respectively. These leaders serve as the chief Senate spokesmen for their parties and manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate. By rule, the Presiding Officer gives the Majority Leader priority in obtaining recognition to speak on the floor of the Senate.
The Majority Leader customarily serves as the chief representative of his or her party in Senate, and sometimes even in all of Congress if the
Many state senates are organized in the same way as the United States Senate.
The Democrats began the practice of appointing floor leaders in 1920 while they were in the minority. In 1925 the majority (at the time) Republicans also adopted this language when
. The Constitution also calls for a
to serve as the leader of the body when the President of the Senate (the Vice President) is absent. In practice, neither the Vice President nor the President pro tempore - customarily the most senior (longest-serving) Senator in the majority party - actually presides over the Senate on a daily basis; that task is given to junior Senators of the majority party, in part so they may learn proper
. For these reasons, it is the Majority Leader who in practice manages the Senate.
In recent years, it has become more common for the leader of the minority party to be referred to as the leader of his party (
The Democratic Party first selected a leader in 1920. The Republican Party first formally designated a leader in 1925.
| Congress |
Dates |
Democratic Leader |
Majority |
Republican Leader |
66thThe Sixty-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprising the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1919 to March 4, 1921, during the last two years of...
|
1920 – 1921 |
Oscar W. Underwood (ALAlabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States of America. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its... ) |
R Maj → |
Henry Cabot LodgeHenry Cabot Lodge was an American statesman, a Republican politician, and a noted historian.-Biography:Lodge was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of John Lodge and Anna Cabot. His great-grandfather was former Senator George Cabot. Lodge grew up on Boston's Beacon Hill after spending part of... (MA) (unofficial) |
67thThe Sixty-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1921 to March 4, 1923, during the first two years...
|
1921 – 1923 |
68thThe Sixty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1923 to March 4, 1925, during the last months of...
|
1923 – November 9, 1924 |
Joseph T. Robinson (AR) |
| 1925 |
Charles CurtisCharles Curtis was a United States Representative, a longtime United States Senator from Kansas later chosen as Senate Majority Leader by his Republican colleagues, and the 31st Vice President of the United States... (KS) |
69thThe Sixty-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1925 to March 4, 1927, during the third and fourth...
|
1925 – 1927 |
70thThe Seventieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1927 to March 3, 1929, during the last two years of...
|
1927 – 1929 |
71stThe Seventy-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1929 to March 4, 1931, during the first two years...
|
1929 – 1931 |
James E. Watson (IN) |
72ndThe Seventy-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1931 to March 4, 1933, during the last two years...
|
1931 – 1933 |
73rdThe Seventy-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1933 to January 3, 1935, during the first two years...
|
1933 – 1935 |
← D Maj |
Charles L. McNaryCharles Linza McNary was a United States Republican politician from Oregon. He served in the Senate from 1917 to 1944, and was Senate Minority Leader from 1933 to 1944. In the Senate, McNary helped to pass legislation that led to the construction of Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River, and worked... (OR) |
74thThe Seventy-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1935 to January 3, 1937, during the third and...
|
1935 – 1937 |
75thThe Seventy-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1937 to January 3, 1939, during the first two years...
|
1937 – July 14, 1937 |
| July 22, 1937 – 1939 |
Alben W. BarkleyAlben William Barkley was an American politician who served as the 35th Vice President of the United States from 1949 to 1953 under President Harry S. Truman.Prior to the Vice Presidency, Barkley served in the U. S... (KY) |
76thThe Seventy-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1939 to January 3, 1941, during the seventh and...
|
1939 |
| 1940 |
Warren AustinWarren Robinson Austin was an American politician and statesman; among other roles, he served as Senator from Vermont.... (VT) (acting) |
77th-Major events:* December 7, 1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor* December 26, 1941: Joint session of the United States Congress met in the Senate chamber for an address by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.-Acts of Congress:...
|
1941 – 1943 |
Charles L. McNaryCharles Linza McNary was a United States Republican politician from Oregon. He served in the Senate from 1917 to 1944, and was Senate Minority Leader from 1933 to 1944. In the Senate, McNary helped to pass legislation that led to the construction of Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River, and worked... (OR) |
78thThe Seventy-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1943 to January 3, 1945, during the last two years...
|
1943 – 1945 |
Wallace H. White Jr. (ME) (acting) |
79thThe Seventy-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1945 to January 3, 1947, during the last months of...
|
1945 – 1947 |
Wallace H. White Jr. |
80thThe Eightieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1947 to January 3, 1949, during the third and fourth...
|
1947 – 1949 |
R Maj → |
| 81st The Eighty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1949 to January 3, 1951, during the first two years...
|
1949 – 1951 |
Scott W. LucasScott Wike Lucas was a two-term Democratic United States Senator from Illinois, and the United States Senate Majority Leader from 1948 to 1950.... (IL) |
← D Maj |
Kenneth S. Wherry Kenneth Spicer Wherry was a United States Senator from Nebraska.-Biography:He was born in Liberty, Gage County, Nebraska on February 28, 1892. He graduated from the University of Nebraska at Lincoln, where he was a member of Beta Theta Pi, in 1914... (NE) |
| 82nd The Eighty-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1951 to January 3, 1953, during the last two years...
|
1951 – 1952 |
Ernest McFarlandErnest William McFarland was an American politician and, with Warren Atherton, is considered one of the "Fathers of the G.I. Bill". He is the only Arizonan to serve in the highest office in all three branches of Arizona government—two at the state level, one at the federal level... (AZ) |
| 1952 – 1953 |
Styles BridgesHenry Styles Bridges was an American teacher, editor, and Republican Party politician from Concord, New Hampshire. He served one term as Governor of New Hampshire before a twenty-four year career in the United States Senate.Bridges was born in West Pembroke, Maine. He attended the public schools... (NH) |
| 83rd The Eighty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1953 to January 3, 1955, during the first two years...
|
January 3, 1953 – July 31, 1953 |
Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon Baines Johnson , served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969 after his service as the Vice President of the United States from 1961 to 1963... (TX) |
R Maj → |
Robert A. Taft (OH) |
| August 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955 |
William F. KnowlandWilliam Fife Knowland was a United States politician, newspaperman, and Republican Party leader. He was a U.S. Senator from California, 1945 to 1959. He served as Senate Majority Leader in 1953-1955, as Minority Leader in 1955-1959. He succeeded his father, Joseph R... (CA) |
84thThe Eighty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1955 to January 3, 1957, during the third and...
|
1955 – 1957 |
← D Maj |
| 85th The Eighty-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1957 to January 3, 1959, during the fifth and sixth...
|
1957 – 1959 |
| 86th The Eighty-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1959 to January 3, 1961, during the last two years...
|
1959 – 1961 |
Everett M. Dirksen (IL) |
87thThe Eighty-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1961 to January 3, 1963, during the first two...
|
1961 – 1963 |
Mike MansfieldMichael Joseph Mansfield was an American Democratic politician and the longest-serving Majority Leader of the United States Senate, serving from 1961 to 1977. Born in New York City to Irish Catholic immigrants, he was raised in Montana, where he graduated from the University of Montana in Missoula... (MT) |
| 88th The Eighty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1963 to January 3, 1965, during the last year of...
|
1963 – 1965 |
| 89th The Eighty-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1965 to January 3, 1967, during the third and fourth...
|
1965 – 1967 |
90thThe Ninetieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1967 to January 3, 1969, during the last two years of...
|
1967 – 1969 |
91stThe Ninety-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1969 to January 3, 1971, during the first two years...
|
1969 – September 7, 1969 |
| September 24, 1969 – 1971 |
Hugh ScottHugh Doggett Scott, Jr. was a politician from Pennsylvania who served in both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate, and who also served as Chairman of the Republican National Committee.-Early life:He was born in Fredericksburg, Virginia, on November 11, 1900 and... (PA) |
92ndThe Ninety-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1971 to January 3, 1973, during the last two years...
|
1971 – 1973 |
93rdThe Ninety-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1973 to January 3, 1975, during the end of Richard...
|
1973 – 1975 |
94thThe Ninety-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1975 to January 3, 1977, during the administration...
|
1975 – 1977 |
| 95th The Ninety-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1977 to January 3, 1979, during the first two years...
|
1977 – 1979 |
Robert ByrdRobert Carlyle Byrd is the senior United States Senator from West Virginia, and a member and former Senate Leader of the Democratic Party. Byrd has been a Senator since January 3, 1959 and is the longest-serving member in the Senate's history; he has been the Dean of the Senate since 2003... (WV) |
Howard BakerHoward Henry Baker, Jr. is a former Senate Majority Leader, Republican U.S. Senator from Tennessee, White House Chief of Staff, and a former United States Ambassador to Japan.Known in Washington, D.C... (TN) |
96thThe Ninety-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1979 to January 3, 1981, during the last two years...
|
1979 – 1981 |
97thThe Ninety-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1981 to January 3, 1983, during the final weeks of...
|
1981 – 1983 |
R Maj → |
98thThe Ninety-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives...
|
1983 – 1985 |
99thThe Ninety-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1985 to January 3, 1987, during the fifth and sixth...
|
1985 – 1987 |
Bob DoleRobert Joseph "Bob" Dole is an attorney and retired United States Senator from Kansas from 1969–1996, serving part of that time as United States Senate Majority Leader, where he set a record as the longest-serving Republican leader. He was his party's 1996 presidential nominee but lost the... (KS) |
| 100th The One Hundredth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1987, to January 3, 1989, during the last two years...
|
1987 – 1989 |
← D Maj |
101stThe One Hundred First United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1989 to January 3, 1991, during the first two...
|
1989 – 1991 |
George Mitchell (ME) |
| 102nd The One Hundred Second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1991, to January 3, 1993, during the last two...
|
1991 – 1993 |
103rdThe One Hundred Third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1993 to January 3, 1995, during the first two...
|
1993 – 1995 |
104thThe One Hundred Fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1995 to January 3, 1997, during the third and...
|
December 2, 1994 – June 12, 1996 |
Tom DaschleThomas Andrew Daschle is a former U.S. Senator from South Dakota and former U.S. Senate Majority Leader. He is a member of the Democratic Party.... (SD) |
R Maj → |
Bob DoleRobert Joseph "Bob" Dole is an attorney and retired United States Senator from Kansas from 1969–1996, serving part of that time as United States Senate Majority Leader, where he set a record as the longest-serving Republican leader. He was his party's 1996 presidential nominee but lost the...
|
| June 12, 1996 – 1997 |
Trent LottChester Trent Lott Sr. is a former United States Senator from Mississippi. He has served in numerous leadership positions in both the House of Representatives and the Senate, including House Minority Whip, Senate Majority Leader, Senate Minority Leader, and Senate Minority Whip... (MS) |
105thThe One Hundred Fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1997 to January 3, 1999, during the fifth and...
|
1997 – 1999 |
| 106th The One Hundred Sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1999 to January 3, 2001, during the last two...
|
1999 – 2001 |
107thThe One Hundred Seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003, during the final...
|
January 3 – 20, 2001 |
← D Maj |
| January 20 – June 6, 2001 |
R Maj → |
| June 6, 2001 – 2003 |
← D Maj |
108thThe One Hundred Eighth United States Congress was the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives from January 3, 2003 to January 3, 2005, during the last two years of the first administration of...
|
2003 – 2005 |
R Maj → |
Bill FristWilliam Harrison "Bill" Frist, Sr. is an American physician, businessman, and politician. Frist served two terms as a United States Senator representing Tennessee where he became the Republican Majority Leader from 2003 until his retirement in 2007... (TN) |
109thThe One Hundred Ninth United States Congress was the legislative branch of the United States, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives, from January 3, 2005 to January 3, 2007, during the fifth and sixth years of George W. Bush's presidency. House members...
|
2005 – 2007 |
Harry ReidHarry Mason Reid is the senior United States Senator from Nevada and a member of the Democratic Party. He has been the Senate's Majority Leader since January 2007.... (NV) |
110thThe One Hundred Tenth United States Congress was the meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, between January 3, 2007, and January 3, 2009, during the last two years of the second term of President George W. Bush. It was composed of the Senate and the House of...
|
2007 – 2009 |
← D Maj |
Mitch McConnellAddison Mitchell "Mitch" McConnell, Jr. is the senior United States Senator from Kentucky. He was chosen by his Republican colleagues as the Minority Leader in November 2006, making him the top-ranking Republican in the 110th Congress, which convened January 3, 2007... (KY) |
111thThe One Hundred Eleventh United States Congress is the current meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It began during the last two weeks of the George W. Bush administration, with the remainder spanning the...
|
2009 – present |
| Congress |
Dates |
Democratic Leader |
Majority |
Republican Leader |