New Zealand general election, 1987

The 1987 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 43rd

43rd New Zealand Parliament

The 43rd New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Its composition was determined by the 1990 elections, and it sat until the 1993 elections....

 sitting of the New Zealand Parliament. The governing New Zealand Labour Party

New Zealand Labour Party

The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935....

, led by Prime Minister David Lange

David Lange

David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH , served as the 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989. He headed New Zealand's fourth Labour Government, one of the most reforming administrations in his country's history, but one which did not always conform to traditional expectations of a...

, was re-elected for a second term, although the Opposition National Party

New Zealand National Party

The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:...

 made gains. The election also saw the elimination of the Democratic Party

New Zealand Democratic Party

The New Zealand Democratic Party for Social Credit is a small leftist political party in New Zealand. It is based around the ideas of Social Credit, an economic theory which also attracted some degree of support in Canada and Australia...

 (formerly the Social Credit Party) from Parliament, leaving Labour and National as the only parties represented.

Background

Before the election, the Labour Party (in government) held 56 seats, giving it an absolute majority in Parliament. The National Party (in opposition) held 37 seats. The Democrats, a small party devoted to the principles of Social Credit

Social Credit

Social Credit is an economic philosophy developed by C. H. Douglas , a British engineer, who wrote a book by that name in 1924. Social Credit is described by Douglas as "the policy of a philosophy"; he called his philosophy "practical Christianity"...

, held two seats.

Of particular importance in the election were the economic reforms being undertaken by Roger Douglas

Roger Douglas

Sir Roger Owen Douglas , is a New Zealand politician who formerly served as a senior New Zealand Labour Party Cabinet minister. He became arguably best-known for his prominent role in the radical economic restructuring undertaken by the Fourth Labour Government during the 1980s...

, the Minister of Finance

Minister of Finance (New Zealand)

The Minister of Finance is a senior figure within the government of New Zealand. The position is often considered to be the most important Cabinet role after that of the Prime Minister....

. These reforms, sometimes known as "Rogernomics

Rogernomics

The term Rogernomics, a portmanteau of "Roger" and "economics", was coined by journalists at the New Zealand Listener by analogy with Reaganomics to describe the economic policies followed by Roger Douglas after his appointment in 1984 as Minister of Finance in the Fourth Labour Government...

", involved monetarist

Monetarism

Monetarism is a tendency in economic thought that emphasizes the role of governments in controlling the amount of money in circulation. It is the view within monetary economics that variation in the money supply has major influences on national output in the short run and the price level over...

 approaches to controlling inflation, the sale of state assets, and the removal of tariff

Tariff

A tariff may be either tax on imports or exports , or a list or schedule of prices for such things as rail service, bus routes, and electrical usage ....

s and subsidies

Subsidy

A subsidy is an assistance paid to a business or economic sector. Most subsidies are made by the government to producers or distributors in an industry to prevent the decline of that industry or an increase in the prices of its products or simply to encourage it to hire more labor A subsidy (also...

. All these things were strongly opposed by many traditional Labour supporters, who saw them as a betrayal of the party's left-wing principles. Many commentators believed that public anger over Rogernomics could cost the government the election.

Another matter of importance, and perhaps one which enabled Labour to survive public dissatisfaction, was the nuclear issue. In the previous parliamentary term, New Zealand had adopted legislation which prevented nuclear weapons or nuclear-powered ships entering New Zealand, a move which provoked an angry reaction from New Zealand's allies in the ANZUS

ANZUS

The Australia, New Zealand, United States Security Treaty is the military alliance which binds Australia and New Zealand and, separately, Australia and the United States to cooperate on defence matters in the Pacific Ocean area, though today the treaty is understood to relate to attacks...

 treaty. The National Party intended to revoke the ban, but the New Zealand public were supportive of it. Labour's support for the ban is often considered to be an important factor in the party's re-election.

The election

The election was held on 15 August. 2,114,656 people were registered to vote. Turnout was 89.1%, somewhat lower than the 1984 election.

Summary of results

The election saw the Labour Party win 57 seats, enough for it to retain its outright majority. Labour held one more seat than after the previous election. The National Party won 40 seats, an increase of three. It was possible for both parties to increase their number of seats partly due to the disappearance of the Democrats and partly due to the increase in the total number of seats.

Although Labour emerged from the election with a 17-seat lead over National, the difference between each party's vote count was considerably smaller. Labour's share of the vote was 48.0% (up from 43.0% in 1984), while National's was 44.0% (up from 35.5%). While Labour did retain its lead, the gap between Labour and National closed by a larger extent than the seat count would indicate.

The Democrats, despite winning 5.7% of the total vote, did not win any electorates, including the two that they had held before the election. The Democrats have not regained parliamentary representation under their own name since losing it in these elections, although they did manage to enter parliament as part of the larger Alliance

Alliance (New Zealand political party)

The Alliance is a left-wing political party in New Zealand. It was formed in 1991, and was influential in the 1990s, but has since declined and has no representation in parliament. It suffered a major setback after Jim Anderton, the party's leader, left the party in 2002, taking several of the...

.

The New Zealand Party

New Zealand Party

width=300|thumb|Party logoThe New Zealand Party was a political party operating in New Zealand. It was established by millionaire property tycoon Bob Jones, and promoted both social and economic liberalization. The New Zealand Party's motto was "Freedom and Prosperity", and it has sometimes been...

, which had gained 12.2% of the vote in the previous election, performed poorly, gaining less than 0.1% support.

Electoral petition

The election night result for Wairarapa was for National by 65 votes. The final official count however gave the seat to the incumbent, Reg Boorman

Reg Boorman

Reginald George Boorman was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He won the Wairarapa seat in 1984, when he defeated Ben Couch...

 of the Labour Party, by a margin of seven votes, although a Judicial Recount reduced this to only one vote. But on 12 July 1988, following a petition to the Electoral Court, Wyatt Creech

Wyatt Creech

Wyatt Beetham Creech, CNZM is a former New Zealand politician. He served as Deputy Prime Minister in Jenny Shipley's National Party government from August 1998 to December 1999.-Early life:...

 of the National Party was declared elected by a margin of 34 votes (9994 to 9960). The petition was supported initially by MPs Roger McClay

Roger McClay

Roger Neville McClay, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He attended secondary school at Wesley College, Auckland.-Member of Parliament:...

 and Winston Peters

Winston Peters

Winston Raymond Peters is a New Zealand politician and leader of New Zealand First, a political party he founded in 1993. Peters has had a turbulent political career since entering Parliament in 1978. He served as Minister of Maori Affairs in the Bolger National Party Government before being...

 (who had been involved in challenges in Taupo and Hunua) but not by the party hierarchy, according to Creech’s account in a book by Ross Meurant

Ross Meurant

Alan Ross Meurant is a New Zealand public figure who has at various times gained public attention as a police officer, a businessman, a politician, and a political lobbyist.- Police :...

).

Detailed results

Displayed on the table are:

• The number of candidates the party put forward.
• The total number of votes received by all the party's candidates.
• The percentage of the whole that these votes make up.
• The number of seats that the party won.

Party	Candidates	Total votes	Percentage	Seats won
Labour Party New Zealand Labour Party The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935....	97	878,448	48.0%	57
National Party New Zealand National Party The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:...	97	806,305	44.0%	40
Democratic Party New Zealand Democratic Party The New Zealand Democratic Party for Social Credit is a small leftist political party in New Zealand. It is based around the ideas of Social Credit, an economic theory which also attracted some degree of support in Canada and Australia...	97	105,091	5.7%	–
Independents Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do...	5	11,873	0.6%	–
Others	128	30,060	1.7%	–
Total	424	1,831,777		97

There were 97 seats being contested, two more than were in the previous parliament. All seats were won by one of the two major parties.

The Labour Party, which was in government, won 57 seats, giving it a majority. Most of the seats won by Labour were in urban areas, following the party's typical pattern. Labour was particularly strong in the Wellington

Wellington

Wellington is the capital city and third most populous urban area of New Zealand, although it is likely to have surpassed Christchurch due to the exodus following the Canterbury Earthquake. It is at the southwestern tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range...

 region, where it won all ten urban seats. It was also strong in Auckland, Christchurch

Christchurch

Christchurch is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the country's second-largest urban area after Auckland. It lies one third of the way down the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula which itself, since 2006, lies within the formal limits of...

 and Dunedin

Dunedin

Dunedin is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the Otago Region. It is considered to be one of the four main urban centres of New Zealand for historic, cultural, and geographic reasons. Dunedin was the largest city by territorial land area until...

, the other three urban centres, as well as in smaller cities such as Hamilton

Hamilton, New Zealand

Hamilton is the centre of New Zealand's fourth largest urban area, and Hamilton City is the country's fourth largest territorial authority. Hamilton is in the Waikato Region of the North Island, approximately south of Auckland...

, New Plymouth

New Plymouth

New Plymouth is the major city of the Taranaki Region on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand. It is named after Plymouth, Devon, England, from where the first English settlers migrated....

, Nelson

Nelson, New Zealand

Nelson is a city on the eastern shores of Tasman Bay, and is the economic and cultural centre of the Nelson-Tasman region. Established in 1841, it is the second oldest settled city in New Zealand and the oldest in the South Island....

, Napier

Napier, New Zealand

Napier is a New Zealand city with a seaport, located in Hawke's Bay on the eastern coast of the North Island. The population of Napier is about About 18 kilometres south of Napier is the inland city of Hastings. These two neighboring cities are often called "The Twin Cities" or "The Bay Cities"...

, Hastings

Hastings, New Zealand

The city of Hastings is a major urban settlement in the Hawke's Bay region of the North Island of New Zealand, and it is the largest settlement by population in Hawke's Bay. Hastings city is the administrative centre of the Hastings District...

 and Palmerston North

Palmerston North

Palmerston North is the main city of the Manawatu-Wanganui region of the North Island of New Zealand. It is an inland city with a population of and is the country's seventh largest city and eighth largest urban area. Palmerston North is located in the eastern Manawatu Plains near the north bank...

. Labour also retained its traditional dominance in the Maori seats, winning all four by large margins.

The National Party, also following its traditional patters, was strongest in rural areas, winning the vast majority of seats in these regions. The party's primary wins in urban areas were in Auckland, with the party taking six seats. The party also won a number of seats in smaller cities, such as Rotorua

Rotorua

Rotorua is a city on the southern shores of the lake of the same name, in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand. The city is the seat of the Rotorua District, a territorial authority encompassing the city and several other nearby towns...

, Tauranga

Tauranga

Tauranga is the most populous city in the Bay of Plenty region, in the North Island of New Zealand.It was settled by Europeans in the early 19th century and was constituted as a city in 1963...

, Invercargill

Invercargill

Invercargill is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world. It is the commercial centre of the Southland region. It lies in the heart of the wide expanse of the Southland Plains on the Oreti or New River some 18 km north of Bluff,...

 and Whangarei

Whangarei

Whangarei, pronounced , is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the regional capital of Northland Region. Although commonly classified as a city, it is officially part of the Whangarei District, administered by the Whangarei District Council a local body created in 1989 to administer both the...

. The party performed poorly in the Maori electorates, coming third in all four.

While no minor parties managed to win an electorate, several did manage to gain second place, outperforming one of the major parties but being defeated by the other. The Democrats

New Zealand Democratic Party

The New Zealand Democratic Party for Social Credit is a small leftist political party in New Zealand. It is based around the ideas of Social Credit, an economic theory which also attracted some degree of support in Canada and Australia...

 (formerly Social Credit) was the strongest of the minor parties, coming second in five electorates. Two electorates, East Coast Bays and Pakuranga, were held by the Democrats prior to the election, but were narrowly lost to National candidates. In the other electorates (Coromandel, Rangitikei and Wanganui) the Democrats were the challengers. In the four Maori electorates, the Mana Motuhake

Mana Motuhake

Mana Māori Motuhake was a Māori political party in New Zealand. The name is difficult to translate accurately, but essentially refers to Māori self-rule and self-determination — mana, in this context, can be understood as "authority" or "power", while motuhake can be understood as...

 party gained second place. Its best result, 31.6%, was obtained in Northern Maori. The New Zealand Party

New Zealand Party

width=300|thumb|Party logoThe New Zealand Party was a political party operating in New Zealand. It was established by millionaire property tycoon Bob Jones, and promoted both social and economic liberalization. The New Zealand Party's motto was "Freedom and Prosperity", and it has sometimes been...

 also performed strongly in some electorates, although not as strongly as in the previous election.

Independent candidates did not perform well in the 1987 election, with none of them winning a seat or even placing second.

MPs Elected in 1987			Papatoetoe: Ross Robertson Ross Robertson Harold Valentine Ross Robertson is a New Zealand politician for the Labour Party. He has been a Member of Parliament since 1987.-Early life:Robertson was born in Wellington...	Titirangi: Ralph Maxwell Ralph Maxwell Ralph Kerr Maxwell was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Waitakere in Parliament from 1978 to 1984, then Titirangi from 1984 to 1990, when he was defeated by Marie Hasler, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour...
Albany: Don McKinnon Don McKinnon Sir Donald Charles "Don" McKinnon, ONZ, GCVO is a former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of New Zealand. He was the Secretary-General of the Commonwealth of Nations from 2000 until 2008.-Early life:...	Gisborne: Allan Wallbank Allan Wallbank Allan Robert Wallbank was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Gisborne in Parliament from 1984 to 1990. He was defeated by Wayne Kimber; one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government.-References:...	Maramarua: Bill Birch Bill Birch Sir William Francis Birch, GNZM , usually known as Bill Birch, is a former New Zealand politician. He served as Minister of Finance for several years in the fourth National government.-Early life:...	Pencarrow: Sonja Davies	Tongariro: Noel Scott Noel Scott Noel Scott, QSO was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Tongariro in Parliament from 1984 to 1990, when he was defeated by Ian Peters, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government.-References:New Zealand Parliamentary...
Ashburton: Jenny Shipley Jenny Shipley Dame Jenny Shipley, DNZM , served as the 36th Prime Minister of New Zealand from December 1997 to December 1999, the first woman to hold this office and the first, and to date only, woman to serve as parliamentary leader of the National Party of New Zealand.-Early life:Shipley was born as Jennifer...	Glenfield: Judy Keall Judy Keall Judith Mary Keall is a former New Zealand politician. She was an MP from 1984 to 1990, and again from 1993 to 2002, representing the Labour Party....	Marlborough: Doug Kidd Doug Kidd Sir Douglas Lorimer Kidd, KNZM is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 2002, representing the National Party. He served for three years as Speaker of the House of Representatives.-Early life:...	Porirua: Graham Kelly Graham Kelly Graham Kelly is a former New Zealand politician.-Member of Parliament:As a member of the Labour Party, he served as MP for Porirua from the 1987 elections until the 1996 elections, when he became MP for the new seat of Mana. In the 2002 elections, he did not stand as an electorate candidate,...	Waikaremoana: Roger McClay Roger McClay Roger Neville McClay, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He attended secondary school at Wesley College, Auckland.-Member of Parliament:...
Auckland Central: Richard Prebble Richard Prebble Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. Initially a member of the Labour Party, he joined the newly formed ACT New Zealand party under Roger Douglas in 1996.-Early and personal life:...	Hamilton East: Bill Dillon	Matamata: John Luxton John Luxton Murray John Finlay Luxton, QSO is a former New Zealand National Party politician, and a son of Jack Luxton who had previously held the same seat of Matamata...	Raglan: Simon Upton Simon Upton Simon David Upton, QSO is a former New Zealand politician and member of Parliament from 1981 to 2001, representing the National Party.-Early life:...	Waikato: Rob Storey Rob Storey William Robson "Rob" Storey, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1996, representing the National Party. He was first elected to Parliament in the 1984 elections as MP for Waikato, and retained that seat until his departure from Parliament at the 1996 elections...
Avon: Larry Sutherland Larry Sutherland Larry Walter Sutherland was a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1987 to 1999, representing the Labour Party. He was first elected to Parliament in the 1987 elections as MP for the Christchurch seat of Avon, replacing the retiring Mary Batchelor...	Hamilton West: Trevor Mallard Trevor Mallard Trevor Colin Mallard is a New Zealand politician. He was a Cabinet Minister in the Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand holding portfolios including Environment, Labour, Broadcasting, State Owned Enterprises, Rugby World Cup and Education. He was also Associate Minister of Finance.-Early...	Miramar: Peter Neilson	Rangiora: Jim Gerard Jim Gerard Richard James Gerard is a former New Zealand politician. He was a National Party member of parliament from 1984 to 1997.-Member of Parliament:...	Waipa: Katherine O'Regan Katherine O'Regan Hon Katherine O'Regan , QSO is a former New Zealand politician. She was a MP from 1984 to 1999, representing the National Party She served as a Minister for the National Government for 6 of those years. Katherine was born to farming parents at Te Mata, on the west coast of the North Island and...
Awarua: Jeff Grant Jeff Grant Jeff Grant was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Southland electorate of Awarua in Parliament from 1987 to 1993, when he was replaced by Eric Roy....	Hastings: David Butcher David Butcher David John Butcher is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Hastings in Parliament from 1978 to 1990, when he was defeated by Jeff Whitaker: one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government...	Mount Albert: Helen Clark Helen Clark Helen Elizabeth Clark, ONZ is a New Zealand political figure who was the 37th Prime Minister of New Zealand for three consecutive terms from 1999 to 2008...	Rangitikei: Dennis Marshall	Wairarapa: Wyatt Creech Wyatt Creech Wyatt Beetham Creech, CNZM is a former New Zealand politician. He served as Deputy Prime Minister in Jenny Shipley's National Party government from August 1998 to December 1999.-Early life:...
Bay of Islands: John Carter John Carter (New Zealand) John McGregor Carter is a New Zealand politician, and member of the National Party. He represented the Bay of Islands, Far North and Northland electorates from 1987 until June 2011...	Hawkes Bay: Bill Sutton	Napier: Geoff Braybrooke Geoff Braybrooke Geoffrey Bernard Braybrooke, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1981 to 2002, representing the Labour Party. He was one of the party's more conservative MPs.-Early years:...	Remuera: Doug Graham Doug Graham Sir Douglas Arthur Montrose "Doug" Graham KNZM is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1999, representing the National Party.-Early life:...	Waitaki: Jim Sutton Jim Sutton James Robert Sutton, CNZM , generally known as Jim Sutton, was a New Zealand politician from 1984–1990 and from 1993–2006. He has held a range of ministerial portfolios including Agriculture, Forestry, Rural Affairs, Biosecurity, and Trade Negotiations.-Biography:Sutton was born in...
Birkenhead: Jenny Kirk	Heretaunga: Bill Jeffries Bill Jeffries William Patrick "Bill" Jeffries was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the Heretaunga electorate from 1981 to 1990, when he was defeated by a National candidate in a swing against Labour....	Nelson: Philip Woollaston Philip Woollaston Hon Philip Tosswill Edmond Woollaston was a New Zealand member of Parliament of the Labour Party from 1981 to 1990 and Mayor of Nelson, New Zealand from 1992 to 1998....	Roskill: Phil Goff Phil Goff Philip Bruce Goff is the current Leader of the Opposition and the Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party. During the Fifth Labour Government, he served in a number of ministerial portfolios, including Minister of Defence of New Zealand, Minister of Corrections, Minister of Foreign Affairs and...	Waitotara: Venn Young Venn Young Venn Spearman Young was a New Zealand politician. He was a member of the National Party, and served as a Cabinet Minister in the government of Robert Muldoon. He is known for his failed attempt to legalise "homosexual acts" in 1975.-Early life:Young was born in Stratford, Taranaki...
Christchurch Central: Geoffrey Palmer	Hobson: Ross Meurant Ross Meurant Alan Ross Meurant is a New Zealand public figure who has at various times gained public attention as a police officer, a businessman, a politician, and a political lobbyist.- Police :...	New Lynn: Jonathan Hunt Jonathan Hunt (New Zealand) Jonathan Lucas Hunt, ONZ is a New Zealand politician, and was New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 2005 to March 2008. He formerly served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives. He is a member of the Labour Party, and was until recently the longest-serving MP...	Rotorua: Paul East Paul East Paul Clayton East, CNZM, QC, is a former New Zealand politician.-Early life:Paul East was educated at King's College and The University of Auckland He was a Member of Parliament from 1978 to 1999, representing the National Party....	Wallace: Derek Angus Derek Angus Derek Alan Angus was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Wallace electorate in Parliament from 1981 to 1990, when he retired. He was replaced by Bill English.-Further reading:...
Christchurch North: Mike Moore	Horowhenua: Annette King Annette King Annette Faye King is a New Zealand politician. She is the current Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the New Zealand. She was a Cabinet Minister in the Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand.-Early life:...	New Plymouth: Harry Duynhoven Harry Duynhoven Harry James Duynhoven is a New Zealand politician. He is the current mayor of the city of New Plymouth and surrounding districts. He assumed office in October 2010. He was a Member of Parliament for the Labour Party.-Early life:...	St Albans: David Caygill David Caygill David Caygill, CBE is a former New Zealand politician. After being New Zealand's youngest city councillor at 22 , he was an MP from 1978 to 1996, representing the Labour Party...	Wanganui: Russell Marshall Russell Marshall Cedric Russell Marshall, CNZM was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, who had been a Methodist minister from 1960 to 1972, and school teacher 1955–56 and 1972.-Member of Parliament:...
Clevedon: Warren Kyd Warren Kyd Warren Kyd is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1987 to 2002, representing the National Party. He was first elected to Parliament in the 1987 elections, becoming MP for Clevedon. He held this seat until the 1993 elections, when he became MP for Hauraki. In the 1996 elections, he...	Invercargill: Rob Munro Rob Munro Rob Munro was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Invercargill electorate in Parliament from 1987, when he replaced Norman Jones to 1993, when he was defeated by Mark Peck.-References:...	North Shore: George Gair George Gair George Frederick Gair, CMG, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was once deputy leader of the National Party in the Parliament of New Zealand, and was considered by many to be a possible contender for the leadership itself...	St Kilda: Michael Cullen	Wellington Central: Fran Wilde Fran Wilde The Honorable Fran Wilde QSO , is a New Zealand politician, and former Wellington Labour MP, Minister of Tourism and 31st Mayor of Wellington...
Clutha: Robin Gray Robin Gray (New Zealand) Sir Robert "Robin" McDowall Gray is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 1996, and served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1990 and 1993.-Early life:Gray was born in Borgue, Scotland...	Island Bay: Elizabeth Tennet Elizabeth Tennet Elizabeth Patricia Tennet is a former New Zealand politician. She was an MP from 1987 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. She was first elected to Parliament in the 1987 elections as MP for the Wellington electorate of Island Bay, and retained this seat until her departure from Parliament at...	Ohariu: Peter Dunne Peter Dunne Peter Dunne is a New Zealand politician and Member of Parliament who leads the United Future political party. He has served as a Cabinet minister in governments dominated by the centre-left Labour Party as well as by the centre-right National Party...	Selwyn: Ruth Richardson Ruth Richardson Ruth Richardson served as New Zealand's Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993, and is known for her strong pursuit of free-market economic reforms .-Early life:...	West Auckland: Jack Elder Jack Elder Jack Arnold Elder is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1999, representing first the Labour Party, then New Zealand First, and then Mauri Pacific.-Early life:...
Coromandel: Graeme Lee Graeme Lee Graeme Ernest Lee, MZNM, JP is a former New Zealand politician. Originally a National Party MP, he broke away to found the Christian Democrat Party.-Member of Parliament:...	Kaimai: Robert Anderson Robert Anderson (New Zealand) Robert Arnold Anderson is a former New Zealand politician. He was a National Party MP from 1987 to 1996. He was first elected to Parliament in the 1987 elections as MP for Kaimai, replacing Bruce Townshend....	Onehunga: Fred Gerbic Fred Gerbic Frederick "Fred" Miroslav Gerbic, MBE was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:He was elected in the ensuing by-election to replace Frank Rogers in the seat of Onehunga when Rogers died in 1980. He retired in 1990, when he was defeated by National's Graham...	Sydenham: Jim Anderton Jim Anderton James Patrick Anderton, usually known as Jim Anderton , is the leader of the Progressive Party, a New Zealand political party. He has served in Parliament since 1984. He served as Deputy Prime Minister from 1999 to 2002 and is currently also the sitting Father of the House, the longest...	West Coast: Thomas Burke Kerry Burke Sir Thomas Kerry Burke served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1987 to 1990. He was a member of the Labour Party, and served throughout the second term of the Fourth Labour Government.-Early life:...
Dunedin North: Stan Rodger Stan Rodger Stanley Joseph Rodger was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Dunedin North in Parliament from 1978 to 1990, when he retired and was replaced by Pete Hodgson. He was the Minister of Labour and formerly employed by the Public Service Association...	Kaipara: Lockwood Smith Lockwood Smith Alexander Lockwood Smith is a New Zealand politician, the 28th and current Speaker of the House of Representatives. Smith is a member of the New Zealand National Party, who has served as a Member of Parliament since 1984...	Otago: Warren Cooper Warren Cooper Warren Cooper QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was a National Party MP from 1975 to 1996, holding cabinet positions including Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Defence. Cooper also twice served as Mayor of Queenstown, from 1968 to 1975 and 1995 to 2001.-Early life:Cooper was...	Tamaki: Robert Muldoon Robert Muldoon Sir Robert David "Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon had been a prominent member of the National party and MP for the Tamaki electorate for some years prior to becoming leader of the party...	Western Hutt: John Terris John Terris John James Terris, QSO is a New Zealand politician, priest and broadcaster who represented the Labour Party in the New Zealand parliament.-Member of Parliament :Terris was first elected as the member of Western Hutt in 1978...
Dunedin West: Clive Matthewson Clive Matthewson Clive Denby Matthewson MNZM , is a former New Zealand politician.Matthewson was originally a member of the Labour Party, representing the Dunedin West seat. He left Labour in 1995 to jointly establish the United New Zealand party with six other sitting MPs...	Kapiti: Margaret Shields Margaret Shields Dame Margaret Kerslake Shields, DNZM, QSO, JP is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.She represented the electorate of Kapiti in Parliament from 1981 to 1990, when she was defeated by Roger Sowry, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government...	Otara: Colin Moyle Colin Moyle Colin James Moyle, CBE is a former politician of the New Zealand Labour Party. He was a Government Minister in the Third Labour and Fourth Labour Governments. In the Fourth Labour Government he oversaw the removal of farming subsidies and the establishment of a fisheries quota system.-Early...	Taranaki: Roger Maxwell Roger Maxwell Roger Francis Hamilton Maxwell, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1999, representing the National Party.He was first elected to Parliament in the 1984 elections as MP for Taranaki, succeeding David Thomson...	Whangarei: John Banks John Banks (New Zealand) John Archibald Banks, CNZM QSO is a New Zealand politician. He served as Mayor of Auckland City for two terms, from 2001 to 2004, and from 2007 to 2010...
East Cape: Anne Fraser Anne Fraser Lowson Anne Fraser née Collins was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.-Parliamentary career:She represented the electorate of East Cape in Parliament from 1984 to 1990. She retired from Parliament in 1990...	King Country: Jim Bolger Jim Bolger James Brendan "Jim" Bolger, ONZ was the 35th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1990 to 1997. Bolger was elected on the promise of delivering a "Decent Society" following the previous Labour government's economic reforms, known as Rogernomics...	Pahiatua: John Falloon John Falloon John Howard Falloon was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1977 to 1996, representing the National Party in the Pahiatua electorate....	Tarawera: Ian McLean Ian McLean (New Zealand) Ian McLean was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Tarawera electorate from the 1978 general election to 1990, when he retired and was replaced by Max Bradford.-References:...	Yaldhurst: Margaret Austin Margaret Austin Margaret Elizabeth Austin, CNZM is a former New Zealand politician. She was an MP from 1984 to 1996, representing first the Labour Party and then United New Zealand....
East Coast Bays: Murray McCully Murray McCully Murray Stuart McCully is a New Zealand politician. He is a member of the National Party, and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister for Sport and Recreation, and Minister for the Rugby World Cup.-Early life:...	Lyttelton: Peter Simpson	Pakuranga: Maurice Williamson Maurice Williamson Maurice Donald Williamson is a New Zealand politician, representing Pakuranga in the House of Representatives as a member of the National Party...	Tasman: Ken Shirley Ken Shirley Kenneth Lex Shirley , generally called Ken Shirley, was a New Zealand politician. He was a member of the ACT New Zealand party, although was previously a member and Cabinet minister of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:...	Eastern Maori: Peter Tapsell Peter Tapsell (New Zealand) Sir Peter Wilfred Tapsell, KNZM, MBE, FRCS, FRCSEd was Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1993 to 1996...
Eastern Hutt: Trevor Young Trevor Young Trevor James Young was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Hutt in Parliament from 1968 to 1978, and then the Eastern Hutt electorate from 1978 to 1990, when he was replaced by Paul Swain....	Manawatu: David Robinson	Palmerston North: Trevor De Cleene Trevor De Cleene Trevor Albert de Cleene was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, and a lawyer.-Member of Parliament:He represented the Palmerston North electorate in Parliament from 1981 to 1990....	Tauranga: Winston Peters Winston Peters Winston Raymond Peters is a New Zealand politician and leader of New Zealand First, a political party he founded in 1993. Peters has had a turbulent political career since entering Parliament in 1978. He served as Minister of Maori Affairs in the Bolger National Party Government before being...	Northern Maori: Bruce Gregory Bruce Gregory Bruce Craig Gregory was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.Gregory won the , which was caused by the resignation of the previous incumbent, Matiu Rata and held the seat until 1993, when Tau Henare won the seat for New Zealand First.-References:New Zealand Parliamentary Record 1840-1984...
Eden: Richard Northey Richard Northey Richard John Northey, ONZM is a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1990, and again from 1993 to 1996. He currently serves on the Auckland Council, and is a member of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:...	Mangere: David Lange David Lange David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH , served as the 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989. He headed New Zealand's fourth Labour Government, one of the most reforming administrations in his country's history, but one which did not always conform to traditional expectations of a...	Panmure: Bob Tizard	Te Atatu: Michael Bassett Michael Bassett Michael Edward Rainton Bassett, QSO is a former Labour Party member of the New Zealand House of Representatives and cabinet minister in the reformist fourth Labour government...	Southern Maori: Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan Tini "Whetu" Marama Tirikatene-Sullivan, ONZ was a New Zealand politician. She was an MP from 1967 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. At the time of her retirement, she was the second longest-serving MP in Parliament, being in her tenth term of office...
Fendalton: Philip Burdon Philip Burdon Philip Burdon is a former New Zealand politician and lawyer by profession. He is also part owner of Meadow Mushrooms. He was an MP from 1981 to 1996, representing the National Party...	Manurewa: Roger Douglas Roger Douglas Sir Roger Owen Douglas , is a New Zealand politician who formerly served as a senior New Zealand Labour Party Cabinet minister. He became arguably best-known for his prominent role in the radical economic restructuring undertaken by the Fourth Labour Government during the 1980s...	Papakura: Merv Wellington Merv Wellington Mervyn Langlois "Merv" Wellington, QSO was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.-Member of Parliament:...	Timaru: Maurice McTigue Maurice McTigue Maurice Patrick McTigue, QSO was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was a Cabinet Minister in the Fourth National Government from 1990 to 1993, holding the Employment portfolio, among others....	Western Maori: Koro Wetere Koro Wetere Koro Tainui Wētere, CBE is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1969 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Māori Affairs in the Fourth Labour Government .-Member of Parliament:...