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Massif Central

 
Massif Central

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Massif Central



 
 
The Massif Central (Occitan: Massís Central / Massís Centrau) is an elevated region in south-central France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
, consisting of mountain
Mountain

A mountain is a landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill....
s and plateau
Plateau

In geology and earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland , usually consisting of relatively flat terrain....
s.

Subject to volcanism
Volcano

A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or Crust , which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface....
 that has subsided in the last 10,000 years, these central mountains are separated from the Alps
Alps

The Alps is the name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east; through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany; to France in the west....
 by a deep north-south cleft created by the Rhône River
Rhône River

The Rhone, or the Rh?ne is one of the major rivers of Europe, originating in Switzerland and running from there through the south-eastern corner of France....
 and known in French
French language

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
 as the sillon rhodanien (literally "the furrow of the Rhône").

Long a barrier to communication, the opening of the A75 motorway
A75 autoroute

The A75 is an autoroute in France.Known also as la M?ridienne, it is a developmental project with the aim of speeding up and reducing the cost of car travel from Paris southwards, and apart from the Millau Viaduct, it is entirely free for the 340 km between Clermont-Ferrand and P?zenas, with extension to B?ziers due for completion in...
 has not only made north-south travel easier but it has also opened up the Massif Central itself.

It is situated in the middle of France and it covers 15 percent of the country.

Administration
The following départements are generally considered as part of the Massif Central: Allier
Allier

Allier is a departments of France in south-central France named after the Allier River....
, Ardèche
Ardèche

Ard?che is a departments of France in south-central France named after the Ard?che River....
, Aveyron
Aveyron

Aveyron is a departments of France in southern France named after the Aveyron River....
, Cantal
Cantal

Cantal is a departments of France in south-central France. It is named after the Cantal mountain range, a group of extinct, eroded volcanic peaks, which covers much of the department....
, Corrèze
Corrèze

Corr?ze is a departments of France in south central France, named after the Corr?ze River....
, Creuse
Creuse

Creuse is a departments of France in central France named after the Creuse River....
, Haute-Loire
Haute-Loire

Haute-Loire is a departments of France in south-central France named after the Loire River....
, Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne

Haute-Vienne is a France departments of France named after the Vienne River. It is one of three departments which together, constitute the French Regions of France of Limousin ....
, Loire
Loire

Loire is an departments of France in the east-central part of France occupying the River Loire's upper reaches....
, Lot
Lot (département)

Lot is a departments of France in the southwest of France named after the Lot River....
, Lozère
Lozère

Loz?re , is a departments of France in southeast France near the Massif Central, named after Mont Loz?re....
, and Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme

Puy-de-D?me is a departments of France in the center of France named after the famous dormant volcano, the Puy-de-D?me ....
.

The following régions are part of the Massif Central: Auvergne
Auvergne (région)

Auvergne is one of the 26 administrative regions of France of France.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical provinces of France of Auvergne , and includes provinces and areas that historically were not part of Auvergne....
, Limousin
Limousin (région)

Limousin is one of the 26 Regions of France of France. It is composed of three d?partements; Corr?ze , Creuse and the Haute-Vienne....
.






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Encyclopedia


The Massif Central (Occitan: Massís Central / Massís Centrau) is an elevated region in south-central France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
, consisting of mountain
Mountain

A mountain is a landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill....
s and plateau
Plateau

In geology and earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland , usually consisting of relatively flat terrain....
s.

Subject to volcanism
Volcano

A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or Crust , which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface....
 that has subsided in the last 10,000 years, these central mountains are separated from the Alps
Alps

The Alps is the name for one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east; through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany; to France in the west....
 by a deep north-south cleft created by the Rhône River
Rhône River

The Rhone, or the Rh?ne is one of the major rivers of Europe, originating in Switzerland and running from there through the south-eastern corner of France....
 and known in French
French language

French is a Romance language spoken around the world by around 80 million people as first language, by 190 million as second language, and by about another 200 million people as an acquired tongue, with significant speakers in 54 countries....
 as the sillon rhodanien (literally "the furrow of the Rhône").

Long a barrier to communication, the opening of the A75 motorway
A75 autoroute

The A75 is an autoroute in France.Known also as la M?ridienne, it is a developmental project with the aim of speeding up and reducing the cost of car travel from Paris southwards, and apart from the Millau Viaduct, it is entirely free for the 340 km between Clermont-Ferrand and P?zenas, with extension to B?ziers due for completion in...
 has not only made north-south travel easier but it has also opened up the Massif Central itself.

It is situated in the middle of France and it covers 15 percent of the country.

Administration


The following départements are generally considered as part of the Massif Central: Allier
Allier

Allier is a departments of France in south-central France named after the Allier River....
, Ardèche
Ardèche

Ard?che is a departments of France in south-central France named after the Ard?che River....
, Aveyron
Aveyron

Aveyron is a departments of France in southern France named after the Aveyron River....
, Cantal
Cantal

Cantal is a departments of France in south-central France. It is named after the Cantal mountain range, a group of extinct, eroded volcanic peaks, which covers much of the department....
, Corrèze
Corrèze

Corr?ze is a departments of France in south central France, named after the Corr?ze River....
, Creuse
Creuse

Creuse is a departments of France in central France named after the Creuse River....
, Haute-Loire
Haute-Loire

Haute-Loire is a departments of France in south-central France named after the Loire River....
, Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne

Haute-Vienne is a France departments of France named after the Vienne River. It is one of three departments which together, constitute the French Regions of France of Limousin ....
, Loire
Loire

Loire is an departments of France in the east-central part of France occupying the River Loire's upper reaches....
, Lot
Lot (département)

Lot is a departments of France in the southwest of France named after the Lot River....
, Lozère
Lozère

Loz?re , is a departments of France in southeast France near the Massif Central, named after Mont Loz?re....
, and Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme

Puy-de-D?me is a departments of France in the center of France named after the famous dormant volcano, the Puy-de-D?me ....
.

The following régions are part of the Massif Central: Auvergne
Auvergne (région)

Auvergne is one of the 26 administrative regions of France of France.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical provinces of France of Auvergne , and includes provinces and areas that historically were not part of Auvergne....
, Limousin
Limousin (région)

Limousin is one of the 26 Regions of France of France. It is composed of three d?partements; Corr?ze , Creuse and the Haute-Vienne....
. Part of the following régions are in the Massif Central: Languedoc-Roussillon
Languedoc-Roussillon

Languedoc-Roussillon is one of the 26 Regions of France of France. It comprises five departments of France, and borders the other French regions of Provence-Alpes-C?te d'Azur, Rh?ne-Alpes, Auvergne , Midi-Pyr?n?es on the one side, and Spain, Andorra and the Mediterranean sea on the other side....
, Midi-Pyrénées
Midi-Pyrénées

Midi-Pyr?n?es is the largest Regions of France of metropolitan France by area, larger than the Netherlands or Denmark.Midi-Pyr?n?es has no historical or geographical unity....
, and Rhône-Alpes
Rhône-Alpes

Rh?ne-Alpes is one of the 26 Regions of France of France, located on the eastern border of the country, towards the south. The region was named after the Rh?ne River and the Alps mountain range....
.

The largest cities are Clermont-Ferrand
Clermont-Ferrand

Clermont-Ferrand is a city and commune in France of France, in the Auvergne regions of France, with a population of 140,700 . Its metropolitan area had 409,558 inhabitants at the 1999 census....
 and Saint-Étienne
Saint-Étienne

Saint-?tienne is a city in eastern central France.It lies 60 km southwest of Lyon in the Rh?ne-Alpes r?gion in France and is the capital of the d?partement....
.

Volcanic rocks on the Massif Central dominate south France to the west of Rhône valley.

Geomorphology

The Massif Central is a distinct physiographic province of the larger Central European Uplands division. The entire region contains the largest concentration of extinct volcanoes in the world with approximately 450 volcanoes. One strip alone running north to south and less than contains 115 of them.

Mountains

Mountain ranges, with notable individual mountains, are (roughly north-to-south):
  • Chaîne des Puys
    Chaîne des Puys

    The Cha?ne des Puys is a north-south chain of cinder cones, lava domes, and maars in the Massif Central of France. The chain is about 40 km long, and the identified volcanic features include 48 cinder cones, eight lava domes, and 15 maars and explosion craters....
    • Puy de Dôme
      Puy-de-Dôme (mountain)

      Puy-de-D?me is a large lava dome and one of the youngest volcanoes in the Cha?ne des Puys region of Massif Central in south-central France. Curiously, this chain of volcanoes including numerous cinder cones, lava domes, and maars is located far from the edge of any tectonic plate....
       (1464 m)
    • Puy de Pariou (1210 m)
    • Puy de Lassolas
      Puy de Lassolas

      The Puy de Lassolas is a volcano in the Cha?ne des Puys in France, peaking at 1187 metres. It forms, with the Puy de Vache, a group of volcanic craters....
       (1187 m) and Puy de la Vache (1167 m)
  • Monts-Dores
    • Puy de Sancy
      Puy de Sancy

      Puy de Sancy is the highest mountain in the Massif Central and therefore the highest mountain in central France .It is part of an ancient stratovolcano which has been dormant volcano for 220,000 years....
       (1886 m)
  • Le Cantal
    • Plomb du Cantal (1855 m)
    • Puy Mary (1787 m)
  • Forez
    Forez

    Forez is a Provinces of France of France, corresponding approximately to the central part of the modern Loire d?partement in France and a part of the Haute-Loire and Puy-de-D?me d?partements....
    • Pierre-sur-Haute (1634 m)
  • L'Aubrac
  • Cevennes
    Cévennes

    The C?vennes are a Mountain range in south-central France, covering parts of the d?partement in Frances of Gard, Loz?re, Ard?che, and Haute-Loire....
    • Mont Lozère
      Mont Lozère

      Mont Loz?re is the highest peak in the C?vennes National Park of France. There is also a secondary peak, at .Mont Loz?re is commonly used for skiing during the winter months....
       (1702 m), the highest non-volcanic summit
    • Mont Aigoual
      Mont Aigoual

      Mont Aigoual is the highest point of the Gard Departments of France, France. It is part of the Massif Central, and it is located within the C?vennes National Park....
       (1567 m), near Le Vigan
      Le Vigan

      Le Vigan is a communes of France in the Gard Departments of France in southern France. It is a Subprefectures in France of the department....


Plateaux include

  • Larzac
    Larzac

    The Causses du Larzac is a limestone karst plateau in the south of the Massif Central, France, situated between Millau and Lod?ve . It is an agricultural area, where sheep are bred to produce milk for Roquefort cheese....
  • Plateau de Millevaches
    Plateau de Millevaches

    The Plateau de Millevaches is an upland area in the Limousin r?gion in France of France. It covers approximately 3,500 km? and crosses the boundaries of three French d?partement in Frances: the Corr?ze, the Creuse and the Haute-Vienne....


See also

  • Geography of France
    Geography of France

    France is a country in Western Europe, bordering the Atlantic Ocean and English Channel between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the United Kingdom; and bordering the Mediterranean Sea between Italy and Spain....