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Allier is a department in south-central France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 named after the Allier River
Allier River

The Allier is a river in central France, left tributary to the river Loire River. Its source is in the Massif Central, in the Loz?re d?partement in France, east of Mende, Loz?re....
.

er is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution
French Revolution

The French Revolution was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudalism for the aristocracy and Roman Catholic Church clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Age of Enlightenment principles of cit...
 on March 4, 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces
Provinces of France

The Kingdom of France was organised into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the d?partement in France system superseded provinces....
 of Auvergne
Auvergne (province)

Auvergne was a historic province of France in south central France. It was originally the feudal domain of the List of rulers of Auvergne. It is now the geographical and cultural area that corresponds to the former province....
 and Bourbonnais
Bourbonnais

Bourbonnais was a historic province in the centre of France that corresponded to the modern d?partement in France of Allier, along with part of the d?partement of Cher ....
.

In 1940, the government of Marshal Philippe Pétain
Philippe Pétain

Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph P?tain , generally known as Philippe P?tain or Marshal P?tain , was a France general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, later Head of state of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944....
 chose the town of Vichy
Vichy

Vichy is a Communes of France in the Departments of France of Allier in Auvergne in central France. It is known as a Spa town and resort town....
 as its capital.

department belongs to the region
Régions of France

France is divided into 26 regions or r?gions , of which 21 are in continental metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, and four lie overseas....
 Auvergne
Auvergne (région)

Auvergne is one of the 26 administrative regions of France of France.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical provinces of France of Auvergne , and includes provinces and areas that historically were not part of Auvergne....
 and is surrounded by the following French departments: Cher
Cher (département)

Cher is an administrative departments of France located in the centre of France. It is named after the Cher River....
, Nièvre
Nièvre

Ni?vre is a departments of France in the center of France named after the Ni?vre ....
, Saône-et-Loire
Saône-et-Loire

Sa?ne-et-Loire is a France departments of France, named after the Sa?ne River and the Loire River rivers between which it lies....
, Loire
Loire

Loire is an departments of France in the east-central part of France occupying the River Loire's upper reaches....
, Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme

Puy-de-D?me is a departments of France in the center of France named after the famous dormant volcano, the Puy-de-D?me ....
, and Creuse
Creuse

Creuse is a departments of France in central France named after the Creuse River....
.

The following rivers run through Allier:

er is the most productive agricultural area of the Auvergne
Auvergne (région)

Auvergne is one of the 26 administrative regions of France of France.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical provinces of France of Auvergne , and includes provinces and areas that historically were not part of Auvergne....
.






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Allier is a department in south-central France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 named after the Allier River
Allier River

The Allier is a river in central France, left tributary to the river Loire River. Its source is in the Massif Central, in the Loz?re d?partement in France, east of Mende, Loz?re....
.

History

Allier is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution
French Revolution

The French Revolution was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudalism for the aristocracy and Roman Catholic Church clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Age of Enlightenment principles of cit...
 on March 4, 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces
Provinces of France

The Kingdom of France was organised into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the d?partement in France system superseded provinces....
 of Auvergne
Auvergne (province)

Auvergne was a historic province of France in south central France. It was originally the feudal domain of the List of rulers of Auvergne. It is now the geographical and cultural area that corresponds to the former province....
 and Bourbonnais
Bourbonnais

Bourbonnais was a historic province in the centre of France that corresponded to the modern d?partement in France of Allier, along with part of the d?partement of Cher ....
.

In 1940, the government of Marshal Philippe Pétain
Philippe Pétain

Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph P?tain , generally known as Philippe P?tain or Marshal P?tain , was a France general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, later Head of state of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944....
 chose the town of Vichy
Vichy

Vichy is a Communes of France in the Departments of France of Allier in Auvergne in central France. It is known as a Spa town and resort town....
 as its capital.

Geography

The department belongs to the region
Régions of France

France is divided into 26 regions or r?gions , of which 21 are in continental metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, and four lie overseas....
 Auvergne
Auvergne (région)

Auvergne is one of the 26 administrative regions of France of France.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical provinces of France of Auvergne , and includes provinces and areas that historically were not part of Auvergne....
 and is surrounded by the following French departments: Cher
Cher (département)

Cher is an administrative departments of France located in the centre of France. It is named after the Cher River....
, Nièvre
Nièvre

Ni?vre is a departments of France in the center of France named after the Ni?vre ....
, Saône-et-Loire
Saône-et-Loire

Sa?ne-et-Loire is a France departments of France, named after the Sa?ne River and the Loire River rivers between which it lies....
, Loire
Loire

Loire is an departments of France in the east-central part of France occupying the River Loire's upper reaches....
, Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme

Puy-de-D?me is a departments of France in the center of France named after the famous dormant volcano, the Puy-de-D?me ....
, and Creuse
Creuse

Creuse is a departments of France in central France named after the Creuse River....
.

The following rivers run through Allier:
  • Allier
    Allier River

    The Allier is a river in central France, left tributary to the river Loire River. Its source is in the Massif Central, in the Loz?re d?partement in France, east of Mende, Loz?re....
  • Loire
    Loire River

    The Loire is the longest river in France. With a length of , it drains an area of , which represents more than a fifth of France's land area....
  • Cher
    Cher River

    The Cher is a river in central France, left tributary to the river Loire River. Its source is in the Creuse d?partement in France, north-east of Crocq....
  • Besbre
    Besbre

    The Besbre is a river in central France, left tributary of the river Loire River. Its source is on the mountain Puy de Montoncel, northeast of Thiers, Puy-de-D?me, in the Massif Central....
  • Sioule
    Sioule

    The Sioule is a long river in central France, left tributary of the river Allier River. Its source is near the village Orcival, north of Mont-Dore, in the Massif Central....
  • Aumance


Economy

Allier is the most productive agricultural area of the Auvergne
Auvergne (région)

Auvergne is one of the 26 administrative regions of France of France.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical provinces of France of Auvergne , and includes provinces and areas that historically were not part of Auvergne....
. Vichy has long been known for its water, which is exported worldwide.

Demographics

Montluçon
Montluçon

Montlu?on is a communes of France in central France. It is the largest commune in the Departments of France of Allier, although the capital is located in the much smaller commune of Moulins, Allier....
, Vichy
Vichy

Vichy is a Communes of France in the Departments of France of Allier in Auvergne in central France. It is known as a Spa town and resort town....
, and Moulins
Moulins, Allier

Moulins is a Communes of France in central France, capital of the Allier Departments of France....
 are the principal cities. The rest of the department consists of smaller towns, mostly along the rivers. In general, the department is sparsely populated. The population increased until the end of the 19th century because of the growth of industry in Montluçon and Moulins and development of the thermal resources at Vichy. At that time the department had over 420,000 inhabitants. After the losses of World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
, the population stagnated, with a small increase in the 1960s. Since then, it has decreased slightly from 386,533 in 1968 to 344,721 in 1999.

Gastronomy

The pâté aux pommes de terre
Pâté aux pommes de terre

The p?t? aux potato or p?t? de pommes de terre is a speciality of the Limousin and the Allier regions in Central France.It can be served either as a side dish or as the main dish....
 is one of the specialities of the Allier, as well as of the neighboring Limousin region. The Allier River
Allier River

The Allier is a river in central France, left tributary to the river Loire River. Its source is in the Massif Central, in the Loz?re d?partement in France, east of Mende, Loz?re....
 is one of the rare places in Southern Europe where the freshwater grayling
Grayling (species)

The grayling is a species of freshwater fish in the salmon family of order Salmoniformes. It is the type species of its genus. Native to the Palearctic ecozone, the grayling is widespread throughout northern Europe, from the United Kingdom and France to the Ural Mountains in Russia....
 (Thymallus thymallus), known in French as ombre des rivières, occurs in a natural habitat. This fish is much valued in French gastronomy for its fine and delicate texture and is best eaten along with a light wine.

Politics


The President of the General Council is the Communist
French Communist Party

The French Communist Party is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism. Although its electoral support has greatly declined in recent decades, it remains the largest party in France advocating communist views, and retains a large membership and considerable influence in French politics....
 Jean-Paul Dufregne. Allier is a stronghold of rural communism; indeed the PCF holds most of its seats in rural or suburban areas, while the right-wing holds most of its seats in urban areas such as Montlucon
Montluçon

Montlu?on is a communes of France in central France. It is the largest commune in the Departments of France of Allier, although the capital is located in the much smaller commune of Moulins, Allier....
 or Vichy
Vichy

Vichy is a Communes of France in the Departments of France of Allier in Auvergne in central France. It is known as a Spa town and resort town....
.

See also

  • Communes of the Allier department
  • Cantons of the Allier department
  • Arrondissements of the Allier department


External links