Martinez de Pasqually
Encyclopedia
Jacques de Livron Joachim de la Tour de la Casa Martinez de Pasqually (1727? -1774) Was a theurgist and theosophist of uncertain origin.
He was the founder of the l'Ordre de Chevaliers Maçons Élus Coëns de l'Univers - Commonly referred to as the 'Elus Cohens' in 1761.
He was the tutor, initiator and friend of Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin and Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
, and therefore regarded as the originator of martinism
.
His exact date and place of birth, as well as his true nationality is unknown.
Some say he was of Jewish descent, without being able to establish this with certainty.
He is also believed to have been a Portuguese citizen, as he in 1772 went to collect an inheritance in Santo Domingo
, and Grainville, one of his fervent disciples, came from the Caribbean
. This makes no sense as for one, Portugal never conquered Hispañola, the island on which both the modern Dominican Republic and Haiti maintain an uncomfortable coexistence. In any case, at the time he went to Saint Domingue, the French colony which was soon to become Haiti, he was traveling to a French colony not a Portguuese holding. He died within two years and appears to have left no lasting legacy in the Caribbean. Others again claim he was born in Grenoble
. There is, in reality, we know nothing with certainty of his origin. His activities before 1760 are also poorly understood. This is largely due to the fact that he used several different names and signatures on official documents during his lifetime.
In 1754 he founded the Chapter of Scottish Judges in Montpellier
.
In 1761, he became affiliated with the lodge La Française in Bordeaux
and founded a Cohen Temple there.
In 1764 La Française was reorganized by him as Française Élue Écossaise to indicate that it now had a Chapter of superior degrees.
In 1766 the directors of the Masonic province fo Bordeaux declared that they were abolishing all constitutions relating to higher grades apart from the first three (Regular Blue- or St. John's degrees of: Apprentice, Fellowcraft and Master). As a result, all the works of the Chapter were suspended.
This same year Martinez travelled to Paris
and found a new and explicit Elus Cohen-temple together with Bacon de Chivalerie, Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
, Fauger d'Ignéacourt, the Count of Lusignan, Henri de Loos, Grainville, and several others that were to play important parts in the history the Order.
In 1767, he established the Sovereign Tribunal who would direct the whole Order of the Elus Coens.
In 1768 he met with Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin. The personality and teachings of Pasqually made a deep and lasting impression on Saint-Martin. Conversely, Pasqually himself was influenced by Saint-Martin who decided to leave his military career in 1771 and become the personal secretary of Martinez, replacing Abbe Pierre Fournié.
From this period the notable development of the rituals of the order starts and Pasquallys drafting of his magnum opus, the Treatise on the Reintegration of Beings, the main doctrinal foundation of the martinist
theosophy
and theurgy
.
In 1772 Martiez, embarked on a trip to Santo Domingo
to receive an inheritance, and subsequenyly died there in 1774. Thereafter, the Order disintegrates.
In 1776, the Coens Temples of La Rochelle
, Marseille
, and Libourne
fall into the grasp of the Grand Lodge of France.
In 1777, the rites are no longer in operation and institutional use, except from some circles in Paris, Versailles and Eu.
Finally, in 1781, Sebastien Las Casas, third and last 'Grand Sovereign' of the Elus Cohens (successor of Caignet de Lester, who died in 1778) ordered the closure of the eight remaining temples that still recognize his authority.
Neither Las Casas nor Caignet played a very important role in the orders development.
Despite the official closure, the Elus Coens continued to both practice theurgy, and to conduct initiations. On the other hand, the theosophical teaching of Martinez was not lost, in masonry, it spreads even long after the death of the leader through the Masonic system established by Willermoz shortly after death his master.
Besides Willermoz and Saint-Martin, the last known personal disciple of Martinez was Abbe Pierre Fournié. It was around 1768 that he met the teacher who would make him turn around his life completely, and of whom would be employed as secretary. Initiated as an Elus Coën, the tonsured cleric Fournié resides mainly in Bordeaux, where he mediates the correspondences between different members of the Order.
In 1776, Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin is quoted as describing him as an Elus Cohen exceptionally favored in supernatural manifestations; the source is Fournié himself in his own work What we've been, what we are and what we become (1802), in fear of saying too much.
At the time of the revolution
Fournié emigrated to England
, where he remained until his death, and in this period, from 1818 to 1821, he befriends the Theosophist of Munich Franz von Baader.
, he intended for an elite chosen from the ranks of his contemporary masons, and gathered under the banner of the 'Elus Coens' (Elect Priests).
Quickly this order gained quite the reputation in French masonic circles, but the theurgic operations remained reserved for the higher degrees.
Martinez did not, to a greater extent, graft his system solely on freemasonry
.
Until 1761, it is to be located in Montpellier
, Paris
, Lyon
, Bordeaux
, Marseille
, and Avignon
.
In 1761 he built a special temple in Avignon
, where he resided himself until 1766.
At that time, the Order of the Elect Coens is worked as a high-degree system superimposed on the Blue Lodges:
The first class has three symbolic degrees, and that of 'maître parfait élu', then the grades Coens proper: apprentice Coën, fellowcraft Coën, and master Coën, Grand Master Coën or Grand Architect, Chevalier d'Orient or Knight Zorobabel, Commandeur d'Orient or Commander Zorobabel, and finally the last degree, the supreme consecration of Reaux Croix.
In 1768, Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
is ordained Reau-Croix by Bacon Chivalerie. Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin commenced the system in 1765, risen quicly to Commander of the Orient. The years 1769 and 1770 saw the Coen-groups multiply extensively in France.
In 1772, Saint-Martin was ordained Reau-Croix.
The theory of Martinez being Portuguese is also contested: The fact that Martinez traveled to Santo Domingo to receive an inheritance, does not support the theory of Portugal as his ethnic background either, since the island of Santo Domingo, which actually was under Portuguese rule was split in two supremacies at the time, part French and part Portuguese.
The island of St. Domingo (Hispaniola) was never under Portuguese rule, seeing that the French settlers, the 'Frères de la Côte Français' seized control over areas gradually abandoned by the Spaniards.
In a word, the western part was under French sovereignty and that of the Spaniards was located to the east. (Henri Bernard Catus May 27, 2009)
The place of residence for Martinez, namely Leogane and Port au Prince, was French and occupied by the regiment of Foix, the same military operation from which Saint-Martin himself was recruited.
The wife of Martinez is believed to come from the very rich French settlers of the island; Collas de Mauvignié originally from Gornac near Bordeaux. Martines married Collas Angelique Marguerite, daughter of Anselm Collas on August 27, 1767 at Gornac.
However, if Martinez spoke French very well, he wrote very badly. His son, according to a police report, spoke Spanish very well. The hypothesis of a Spanish origin should therefore be retained. Research done in Grenoble by G.C. on all civil records on marriage certificates shows that Martinez is not registered in Grenoble. But it is possible that children born in the military forces at the time were not recorded in parish registers. Grenoble keeps track of a document stating that Captain Pasqually was stationed there, but it may be a namesake at the recovery of bodies of troops from Spain and used in the French army.
De Grainville was one of the most loyal of secretaries of Martinez, and also attained the degree of Reaux-Croix. He was born June 21, 1728, in the island of Bourbon (now Reunion Island), a native of Normandy (historical archives of the Army Château de Vincennes Paris). He ended his military career in 1780 with the rank of lieutenant colonel.
: God, the primordial Unity, had a desire to "emanating" beings from his own nature, but Lucifer, who wanted to exercise his own creative power, fell victim to his own faults in some leading minds in his fall he found himself trapped with them in an area destined by God to serve as their prison. Then the God sent man, in an androgynous body and endowed with glorious powers to keep the rebels at bay and work towards their reconcilement; Adam prevaricated himself and fall into the very prison he was to contain; he becomes a physical and mortal being, and must now try to save both himself as well as the original creation. It can be done with the help of Christ by inner perfection, but also by theurgic operations that Martinez taught to the 'Men of Desire' he found worthy of receiving his initiation.
Through these rites, the disciple is to enter into relations with angelic entities that appear in the operations as "passes". These are to moslty appear in the form of characters or hieroglyphs
signs of spirits invoked by the operator, as proofs that he is on the proper way of Reintegration.
This was officially closed, as publicly announced in the martinist magazine L'Initiation, in 1964.
However, several strains of martinist-orders have continued to operate the Elus Cohens in succession of the Ambelain resurgence.
Today the Elus Cohens is mainly worked in two different manners, one in the fashion of Robert Ambelain, heavily influenced by his own Gnostic Church, the rite of Memphis-Misraim
and his personal take on the kabbalah
.
There also exists another manner of operation, where Pasquallys original system is practiced more in tune with the intents of the system as it were in the 1770s, where neo-gnostic tendencies and kabbalah is removed, in favor of the original doctrines.
In France one such circle is supposed to exist, but not in public.
Officially, Ordre Reaux Croix
is working the Elus Cohens in a similar manner, and also including women, as Pasqually himself did on two occasions.
He was the founder of the l'Ordre de Chevaliers Maçons Élus Coëns de l'Univers - Commonly referred to as the 'Elus Cohens' in 1761.
He was the tutor, initiator and friend of Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin and Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
Jean-Baptiste Willermoz was a French Freemason and Martinist who played an important role in the establishment of various systems of Masonic high-degrees in his time in both France and Germany-Biography:...
, and therefore regarded as the originator of martinism
Martinism
Martinism is a form of mystical and esoteric Christianity concerned with the fall of the first man, his state of material privation from his divine source, and the process of his return, called 'Reintegration' or illumination....
.
Biography
Martinez de Pasqually, whose biography is continually being researched, due to the lack of documentation, appears in the history of French freemasonry in 1754.His exact date and place of birth, as well as his true nationality is unknown.
Some say he was of Jewish descent, without being able to establish this with certainty.
He is also believed to have been a Portuguese citizen, as he in 1772 went to collect an inheritance in Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo, known officially as Santo Domingo de Guzmán, is the capital and largest city in the Dominican Republic. Its metropolitan population was 2,084,852 in 2003, and estimated at 3,294,385 in 2010. The city is located on the Caribbean Sea, at the mouth of the Ozama River...
, and Grainville, one of his fervent disciples, came from the Caribbean
Caribbean
The Caribbean is a crescent-shaped group of islands more than 2,000 miles long separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north...
. This makes no sense as for one, Portugal never conquered Hispañola, the island on which both the modern Dominican Republic and Haiti maintain an uncomfortable coexistence. In any case, at the time he went to Saint Domingue, the French colony which was soon to become Haiti, he was traveling to a French colony not a Portguuese holding. He died within two years and appears to have left no lasting legacy in the Caribbean. Others again claim he was born in Grenoble
Grenoble
Grenoble is a city in southeastern France, at the foot of the French Alps where the river Drac joins the Isère. Located in the Rhône-Alpes region, Grenoble is the capital of the department of Isère...
. There is, in reality, we know nothing with certainty of his origin. His activities before 1760 are also poorly understood. This is largely due to the fact that he used several different names and signatures on official documents during his lifetime.
Elus Cohens
For twenty years, spanning from 1754 to 1774, the year of his death, Pasqually worked ceaselessly to establish and promote his Ordre des Chevaliers Maçons Élus Coëns de l'Univers.In 1754 he founded the Chapter of Scottish Judges in Montpellier
Montpellier
-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
.
In 1761, he became affiliated with the lodge La Française in Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
and founded a Cohen Temple there.
In 1764 La Française was reorganized by him as Française Élue Écossaise to indicate that it now had a Chapter of superior degrees.
In 1766 the directors of the Masonic province fo Bordeaux declared that they were abolishing all constitutions relating to higher grades apart from the first three (Regular Blue- or St. John's degrees of: Apprentice, Fellowcraft and Master). As a result, all the works of the Chapter were suspended.
This same year Martinez travelled to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and found a new and explicit Elus Cohen-temple together with Bacon de Chivalerie, Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
Jean-Baptiste Willermoz was a French Freemason and Martinist who played an important role in the establishment of various systems of Masonic high-degrees in his time in both France and Germany-Biography:...
, Fauger d'Ignéacourt, the Count of Lusignan, Henri de Loos, Grainville, and several others that were to play important parts in the history the Order.
In 1767, he established the Sovereign Tribunal who would direct the whole Order of the Elus Coens.
In 1768 he met with Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin. The personality and teachings of Pasqually made a deep and lasting impression on Saint-Martin. Conversely, Pasqually himself was influenced by Saint-Martin who decided to leave his military career in 1771 and become the personal secretary of Martinez, replacing Abbe Pierre Fournié.
From this period the notable development of the rituals of the order starts and Pasquallys drafting of his magnum opus, the Treatise on the Reintegration of Beings, the main doctrinal foundation of the martinist
Martinism
Martinism is a form of mystical and esoteric Christianity concerned with the fall of the first man, his state of material privation from his divine source, and the process of his return, called 'Reintegration' or illumination....
theosophy
Theosophy
Theosophy, in its modern presentation, is a spiritual philosophy developed since the late 19th century. Its major themes were originally described mainly by Helena Blavatsky , co-founder of the Theosophical Society...
and theurgy
Theurgy
Theurgy describes the practice of rituals, sometimes seen as magical in nature, performed with the intention of invoking the action or evoking the presence of one or more gods, especially with the goal of uniting with the divine, achieving henosis, and perfecting oneself.- Definitions :*Proclus...
.
In 1772 Martiez, embarked on a trip to Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo, known officially as Santo Domingo de Guzmán, is the capital and largest city in the Dominican Republic. Its metropolitan population was 2,084,852 in 2003, and estimated at 3,294,385 in 2010. The city is located on the Caribbean Sea, at the mouth of the Ozama River...
to receive an inheritance, and subsequenyly died there in 1774. Thereafter, the Order disintegrates.
In 1776, the Coens Temples of La Rochelle
La Rochelle
La Rochelle is a city in western France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime department.The city is connected to the Île de Ré by a bridge completed on 19 May 1988...
, Marseille
Marseille
Marseille , known in antiquity as Massalia , is the second largest city in France, after Paris, with a population of 852,395 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Marseille extends beyond the city limits with a population of over 1,420,000 on an area of...
, and Libourne
Libourne
Libourne is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in southwestern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.It is the wine-making capital of northern Gironde and lies near Saint-Émilion and Pomerol.-Geography:...
fall into the grasp of the Grand Lodge of France.
In 1777, the rites are no longer in operation and institutional use, except from some circles in Paris, Versailles and Eu.
Finally, in 1781, Sebastien Las Casas, third and last 'Grand Sovereign' of the Elus Cohens (successor of Caignet de Lester, who died in 1778) ordered the closure of the eight remaining temples that still recognize his authority.
Neither Las Casas nor Caignet played a very important role in the orders development.
Despite the official closure, the Elus Coens continued to both practice theurgy, and to conduct initiations. On the other hand, the theosophical teaching of Martinez was not lost, in masonry, it spreads even long after the death of the leader through the Masonic system established by Willermoz shortly after death his master.
Besides Willermoz and Saint-Martin, the last known personal disciple of Martinez was Abbe Pierre Fournié. It was around 1768 that he met the teacher who would make him turn around his life completely, and of whom would be employed as secretary. Initiated as an Elus Coën, the tonsured cleric Fournié resides mainly in Bordeaux, where he mediates the correspondences between different members of the Order.
In 1776, Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin is quoted as describing him as an Elus Cohen exceptionally favored in supernatural manifestations; the source is Fournié himself in his own work What we've been, what we are and what we become (1802), in fear of saying too much.
At the time of the revolution
Revolution
A revolution is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively short period of time.Aristotle described two types of political revolution:...
Fournié emigrated to England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, where he remained until his death, and in this period, from 1818 to 1821, he befriends the Theosophist of Munich Franz von Baader.
The Structure of the Elus Cohens
This doctrineDoctrine
Doctrine is a codification of beliefs or a body of teachings or instructions, taught principles or positions, as the body of teachings in a branch of knowledge or belief system...
, he intended for an elite chosen from the ranks of his contemporary masons, and gathered under the banner of the 'Elus Coens' (Elect Priests).
Quickly this order gained quite the reputation in French masonic circles, but the theurgic operations remained reserved for the higher degrees.
Martinez did not, to a greater extent, graft his system solely on freemasonry
Freemasonry
Freemasonry is a fraternal organisation that arose from obscure origins in the late 16th to early 17th century. Freemasonry now exists in various forms all over the world, with a membership estimated at around six million, including approximately 150,000 under the jurisdictions of the Grand Lodge...
.
Until 1761, it is to be located in Montpellier
Montpellier
-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
, Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, Lyon
Lyon
Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....
, Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
, Marseille
Marseille
Marseille , known in antiquity as Massalia , is the second largest city in France, after Paris, with a population of 852,395 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Marseille extends beyond the city limits with a population of over 1,420,000 on an area of...
, and Avignon
Avignon
Avignon is a French commune in southeastern France in the départment of the Vaucluse bordered by the left bank of the Rhône river. Of the 94,787 inhabitants of the city on 1 January 2010, 12 000 live in the ancient town centre surrounded by its medieval ramparts.Often referred to as the...
.
In 1761 he built a special temple in Avignon
Avignon
Avignon is a French commune in southeastern France in the départment of the Vaucluse bordered by the left bank of the Rhône river. Of the 94,787 inhabitants of the city on 1 January 2010, 12 000 live in the ancient town centre surrounded by its medieval ramparts.Often referred to as the...
, where he resided himself until 1766.
At that time, the Order of the Elect Coens is worked as a high-degree system superimposed on the Blue Lodges:
The first class has three symbolic degrees, and that of 'maître parfait élu', then the grades Coens proper: apprentice Coën, fellowcraft Coën, and master Coën, Grand Master Coën or Grand Architect, Chevalier d'Orient or Knight Zorobabel, Commandeur d'Orient or Commander Zorobabel, and finally the last degree, the supreme consecration of Reaux Croix.
In 1768, Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
Jean-Baptiste Willermoz
Jean-Baptiste Willermoz was a French Freemason and Martinist who played an important role in the establishment of various systems of Masonic high-degrees in his time in both France and Germany-Biography:...
is ordained Reau-Croix by Bacon Chivalerie. Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin commenced the system in 1765, risen quicly to Commander of the Orient. The years 1769 and 1770 saw the Coen-groups multiply extensively in France.
In 1772, Saint-Martin was ordained Reau-Croix.
Recent discoveries on Pasqually's ancestry
According to the researches of George C. and the elements discovered by Michele Friot and Nahon, namely a certificate of Catholicism (published in Bulletin de la Société Martines de Pasqually, Bordeaux) and the letters from Martinez regarding the Guers affair, neither Martinez nor his father could be Jewish. The third reason is that at the time, Jews were not accepted as Freemasons in France. These facts disprove the hypothesis proposed by the late Martinist-scholar Robert Amadou who proposed that Martinez was a Spanish Jew (Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin et le Martinisme, Paris, Éditions Le Griffon d'or, 1946).The theory of Martinez being Portuguese is also contested: The fact that Martinez traveled to Santo Domingo to receive an inheritance, does not support the theory of Portugal as his ethnic background either, since the island of Santo Domingo, which actually was under Portuguese rule was split in two supremacies at the time, part French and part Portuguese.
The island of St. Domingo (Hispaniola) was never under Portuguese rule, seeing that the French settlers, the 'Frères de la Côte Français' seized control over areas gradually abandoned by the Spaniards.
In a word, the western part was under French sovereignty and that of the Spaniards was located to the east. (Henri Bernard Catus May 27, 2009)
The place of residence for Martinez, namely Leogane and Port au Prince, was French and occupied by the regiment of Foix, the same military operation from which Saint-Martin himself was recruited.
The wife of Martinez is believed to come from the very rich French settlers of the island; Collas de Mauvignié originally from Gornac near Bordeaux. Martines married Collas Angelique Marguerite, daughter of Anselm Collas on August 27, 1767 at Gornac.
However, if Martinez spoke French very well, he wrote very badly. His son, according to a police report, spoke Spanish very well. The hypothesis of a Spanish origin should therefore be retained. Research done in Grenoble by G.C. on all civil records on marriage certificates shows that Martinez is not registered in Grenoble. But it is possible that children born in the military forces at the time were not recorded in parish registers. Grenoble keeps track of a document stating that Captain Pasqually was stationed there, but it may be a namesake at the recovery of bodies of troops from Spain and used in the French army.
De Grainville was one of the most loyal of secretaries of Martinez, and also attained the degree of Reaux-Croix. He was born June 21, 1728, in the island of Bourbon (now Reunion Island), a native of Normandy (historical archives of the Army Château de Vincennes Paris). He ended his military career in 1780 with the rank of lieutenant colonel.
Doctrine
The doctrine of Martinez, whose Christian character is unequivocal, is described as a key to any eschatological cosmologyCosmology
Cosmology is the discipline that deals with the nature of the Universe as a whole. Cosmologists seek to understand the origin, evolution, structure, and ultimate fate of the Universe at large, as well as the natural laws that keep it in order...
: God, the primordial Unity, had a desire to "emanating" beings from his own nature, but Lucifer, who wanted to exercise his own creative power, fell victim to his own faults in some leading minds in his fall he found himself trapped with them in an area destined by God to serve as their prison. Then the God sent man, in an androgynous body and endowed with glorious powers to keep the rebels at bay and work towards their reconcilement; Adam prevaricated himself and fall into the very prison he was to contain; he becomes a physical and mortal being, and must now try to save both himself as well as the original creation. It can be done with the help of Christ by inner perfection, but also by theurgic operations that Martinez taught to the 'Men of Desire' he found worthy of receiving his initiation.
Through these rites, the disciple is to enter into relations with angelic entities that appear in the operations as "passes". These are to moslty appear in the form of characters or hieroglyphs
Hieroglyphs
Hieroglyph or hieroglyphics may refer to:*Anatolian hieroglyphs*Chinese character*Cretan hieroglyphs*Cursive hieroglyphs*Dongba script*Egyptian hieroglyphs*Hieroglyphic Luwian*Mayan hieroglyphs...
signs of spirits invoked by the operator, as proofs that he is on the proper way of Reintegration.
Legacy
After World War 2 Robert Ambelain created a new "Martinist Order of the Élus Cohen" as a revival of the Order of Pasqually.This was officially closed, as publicly announced in the martinist magazine L'Initiation, in 1964.
However, several strains of martinist-orders have continued to operate the Elus Cohens in succession of the Ambelain resurgence.
Today the Elus Cohens is mainly worked in two different manners, one in the fashion of Robert Ambelain, heavily influenced by his own Gnostic Church, the rite of Memphis-Misraim
Rite of Memphis-Misraim
The Rite of Memphis-Misraim is a fringe Freemasonic rite which was formed by the merging of the two rites of Memphis and Misraïm under the influence of General Garibaldi in 1881.-The Rite of Misraïm:...
and his personal take on the kabbalah
Kabbalah
Kabbalah/Kabala is a discipline and school of thought concerned with the esoteric aspect of Rabbinic Judaism. It was systematized in 11th-13th century Hachmei Provence and Spain, and again after the Expulsion from Spain, in 16th century Ottoman Palestine...
.
There also exists another manner of operation, where Pasquallys original system is practiced more in tune with the intents of the system as it were in the 1770s, where neo-gnostic tendencies and kabbalah is removed, in favor of the original doctrines.
In France one such circle is supposed to exist, but not in public.
Officially, Ordre Reaux Croix
Ordre Reaux Croix
Ordre Reaux Croix is a martinist order established in 2002, on the 250th anniversary of the founding of the Elus Cohens of Martinez de Pasqually....
is working the Elus Cohens in a similar manner, and also including women, as Pasqually himself did on two occasions.
Books
- Martines of Pasqually, Treatise on the reintegration of beings (from the manuscript of Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin), Diffusion Rosicrucienne, Collection Martin.
Studies onMartines Pasqually
- Franz von Baader, Les Enseignements secrets de Martinès de Pasqually, précédé d'une Notice sur le martinézisme et le martinisme, Bibliothèque Chacornac, 1900 ; rééd. Robert Dumas, 1976 ; Editions Télétès, 2004.
- Gilles Pope, Les écritures magiques, Aux sources du Registre des 2400 noms d'anges et d'archanges de Martinès de Pasqually, Arché Edidit, 2006.
- G. Van Rijnberk, Un thaumaturge au XVIII[2] s. : Martines de Pasqually Sa vie, son oeuvre, son ordre I, Paris, Alcan, 1935; t. II, Lyon, Derain-Raclet, 1938
- Jean-Marc Vivenza, Martinez, Le Martinisme, l'enseignement secret des Maîtres, Martinès de Pasqually, Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin et Jean-Baptiste Willermoz, fondateur du Régime Écossais Rectifié, Le Mercure Dauphinois, 2006.
External links
- Biography of Pasqually Martines, Jean-François Var.