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Loznica (town)
Encyclopedia
Loznica is a city and municipality
located in western Serbia
, in the Mačva District
. It lies on the right bank of the Drina
river. In 2011 the town has total population of 18,714, while the municipality had a population of 78,788. During Roman period, the place was called Ad Drinum. In January 2008, according to Serbian law, Loznica received status of a city.
word for vine
). Originally, its name was Lozica (Serbian
for small vine), but it later became Loznica.
The oldest settlements on the territory of Jadar and Loznica is traced to the prehistoric period of late Neolith; the Starcevo culture that flourished 4500–3000 BC. Illyrian and Celtic tribes inhabited the region prior to the Roman conquest 75 BC.
Roman conquest of the Balkan peninsula brought huge changes: the territory became a Roman province. According to recent classification, Jadar formed a part of Dalmatia
. The first settlement located on the place of present Loznica was named in Antique times, while the most important settlement in Jadar was the name Genzis, located approximately on the territory of today's Lešnica
. Legend states that Loznica was named after the vinegrape that was grown in this region, starting from the 3rd century B.C. in the time of Roman Emperor Probus. The first reference to Loznica dates back to the Chapter of King
Stephen Uroš II Milutin of Serbia, when Katharine, the wife of Milutin's brother Dragutin, set up nearby monastery Tronosa (1317). Loznica was not mentioned at all for a long period of time in the Middle Ages. According to report from 1533, Loznica was populated mainly by Muslim people. Out of 37 houses, as found in Loznica at this census, 26 houses were Muslim and only 11 Christian.
In 1600, Loznica became a Muslim settlement with 55 houses. In this period Loznica and Jadar were part of the Zvornik region, seated in Zvornik, while the Zvronik region itself was part of the Bosnian pashadom Striving toward liberation from the Turkish rule the population of Loznica was actively involved in the common fight of the Serbian people, immediately after the 1804 Uprising. The uprising was very important since the Turks did not easily give up on the border part of their territory from which they could harvest taxes and supply their army as well as break through towards the central part of the rebellious Serbia. During the whole period of uprising from 1804–1813, numerous and heavy battles against Turks were fought in Loznica and its vicinity. Except in 1813 the Serbs always managed not only to combat but also to expel the Turks across the river Drina. The return of Turks in Loznica in 1813 and annexation of Loznica and Jadar into Zvornik region resulted in extremely difficult situation that was hard to put up with. Loznica and Jadar became part of the Principality of Serbia during the rule of Miloš Obrenović, when Sultan's Mahmud II in November 1833 brought decree on accession of six seized regions to Serbia. Acquisition of Loznica and Jadar to the territory of Serbia Principality, after 1834, resulted in abolition of Turkish ownership over the land and it was declared free peasant estate- which meant that feudal system was revoked.
The Jadar region became part of the Podrinje region, and at the same time Loznica became the seat of the region, remaining in this role until the end of 19th century, when this precedence was given over to Šabac. During the thirties of the 19th century Loznica had 295 houses with 1203 people. It became centre of the administrative and political power of Podrinje. The education system started to develop and a hospital was set up (1882), construction of industrial buildings started, craftsmen, trade and banking started to develop. Construction of the railway road Šabac-Loznica-Banja Koviljaca started by the beginning of the 20th century. Small town of Loznica was no longer Turkish settlement but modern town. Wars 1912–1913, and especially the First World War 1914–1918 halted for certain period the economic development and significantly reduced the number of people in Loznica and vicinity. Upon completion of the First World War, Loznica remained regional centre with about 5000 people. Several years in the aftermath of the war were marked by the short period of reconstruction and relative economic development, which were characteristics of the majority of towns of former Kingdom. . The World economic crisis 1929–1930 was felt in the Jadar region and in Loznica, primarily by the decline of prices of agricultural products. The economic growth started by mid thirties, by start up of some trade and craft shops in Loznica. The taking over of the antimony mines by German industrials during thirties brought about strengthening of the economy. However this growth in economy development of Loznica and Jadar was stopped after the break out of the II World war. (1941–1945).
The largest factory of Loznica was "HI Viskoza Loznica", founded in 1957 with over 10,000 employees (1981), at the time when the city had 18,000 inhabitants. Production of trailers was primarily in the factory "FAK Loznica", and textile production in "Moda" Loznica.
Italian manufacturer of stockings and women's underwear "Golden Lady" has a factory in Loznica, exporting to countries of the European Union. For now the factory employs 550 workers.
Witnesses of the past are the church of the Virgin in Loznica, Tronoša convent, monastery Čokešina, monuments on Mount Gučevo, in Tekeriš, Draginac and Tršić
the ethnic village. There is a national epic "Battle in Loznica. And the central figure of the First Serbian Uprising is Duke of Loznica Anta Bogicevic. His grave is located near church of Virgin. Loznica is the birthplace of Jovan Cvijić
.
Vuk Stefanović Karadžić
was born in Tršić
near Loznica, educated in monastery Tronoša.
Most important cultural event for the community of Loznica is "Vukov Sabor" (Council of Vuk) in Tršić. Event is held every year in September, in memory of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić
.
"Vukov Sabor" is the oldest and largest cultural event in Serbia, for its importance and the increasing volume (20.000-30.000 visitors).
Sister city is Płock in Poland. Another sister city is Ivanic-Grad
in Croatia
. Every year, politicians and diplomats to visit Loznica Płock.
Loznica has its own football club called "F.C. Loznica".
Municipalities of Serbia
Serbia is divided into 150 municipalities and 24 cities , which are the basic units of local self-government. The city may and may not be divided into city municipalities . Five cities, Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niš, Kragujevac and Požarevac comprise several city municipalities, divided into "urban" ...
located in western Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
, in the Mačva District
Macva District
Mačva District is a district of Serbia. The District expands in the western parts of Serbia, in the geographical regions of Mačva, Podrinje, Posavina, and Pocerina. It has a population of 297,778 people...
. It lies on the right bank of the Drina
Drina
The Drina is a 346 kilometer long river, which forms most of the border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It is the longest tributary of the Sava River and the longest karst river in the Dinaric Alps which belongs to the Danube river watershed...
river. In 2011 the town has total population of 18,714, while the municipality had a population of 78,788. During Roman period, the place was called Ad Drinum. In January 2008, according to Serbian law, Loznica received status of a city.
Name
Its name stems from the word "loza" (the SerbianSerbian language
Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
word for vine
Vine
A vine in the narrowest sense is the grapevine , but more generally it can refer to any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent, that is to say climbing, stems or runners...
). Originally, its name was Lozica (Serbian
Serbian language
Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
for small vine), but it later became Loznica.
History
Roman conquest of the Balkan peninsula brought huge changes: the territory became a Roman province. According to recent classification, Jadar formed a part of Dalmatia
Dalmatia
Dalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
. The first settlement located on the place of present Loznica was named in Antique times, while the most important settlement in Jadar was the name Genzis, located approximately on the territory of today's Lešnica
Lešnica
Lešnica is a village in western Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Loznica, in the Mačva District. Lešnica's current population is 4,731 .-History:...
. Legend states that Loznica was named after the vinegrape that was grown in this region, starting from the 3rd century B.C. in the time of Roman Emperor Probus. The first reference to Loznica dates back to the Chapter of King
King
- Centers of population :* King, Ontario, CanadaIn USA:* King, Indiana* King, North Carolina* King, Lincoln County, Wisconsin* King, Waupaca County, Wisconsin* King County, Washington- Moving-image works :Television:...
Stephen Uroš II Milutin of Serbia, when Katharine, the wife of Milutin's brother Dragutin, set up nearby monastery Tronosa (1317). Loznica was not mentioned at all for a long period of time in the Middle Ages. According to report from 1533, Loznica was populated mainly by Muslim people. Out of 37 houses, as found in Loznica at this census, 26 houses were Muslim and only 11 Christian.
In 1600, Loznica became a Muslim settlement with 55 houses. In this period Loznica and Jadar were part of the Zvornik region, seated in Zvornik, while the Zvronik region itself was part of the Bosnian pashadom Striving toward liberation from the Turkish rule the population of Loznica was actively involved in the common fight of the Serbian people, immediately after the 1804 Uprising. The uprising was very important since the Turks did not easily give up on the border part of their territory from which they could harvest taxes and supply their army as well as break through towards the central part of the rebellious Serbia. During the whole period of uprising from 1804–1813, numerous and heavy battles against Turks were fought in Loznica and its vicinity. Except in 1813 the Serbs always managed not only to combat but also to expel the Turks across the river Drina. The return of Turks in Loznica in 1813 and annexation of Loznica and Jadar into Zvornik region resulted in extremely difficult situation that was hard to put up with. Loznica and Jadar became part of the Principality of Serbia during the rule of Miloš Obrenović, when Sultan's Mahmud II in November 1833 brought decree on accession of six seized regions to Serbia. Acquisition of Loznica and Jadar to the territory of Serbia Principality, after 1834, resulted in abolition of Turkish ownership over the land and it was declared free peasant estate- which meant that feudal system was revoked.
The Jadar region became part of the Podrinje region, and at the same time Loznica became the seat of the region, remaining in this role until the end of 19th century, when this precedence was given over to Šabac. During the thirties of the 19th century Loznica had 295 houses with 1203 people. It became centre of the administrative and political power of Podrinje. The education system started to develop and a hospital was set up (1882), construction of industrial buildings started, craftsmen, trade and banking started to develop. Construction of the railway road Šabac-Loznica-Banja Koviljaca started by the beginning of the 20th century. Small town of Loznica was no longer Turkish settlement but modern town. Wars 1912–1913, and especially the First World War 1914–1918 halted for certain period the economic development and significantly reduced the number of people in Loznica and vicinity. Upon completion of the First World War, Loznica remained regional centre with about 5000 people. Several years in the aftermath of the war were marked by the short period of reconstruction and relative economic development, which were characteristics of the majority of towns of former Kingdom. . The World economic crisis 1929–1930 was felt in the Jadar region and in Loznica, primarily by the decline of prices of agricultural products. The economic growth started by mid thirties, by start up of some trade and craft shops in Loznica. The taking over of the antimony mines by German industrials during thirties brought about strengthening of the economy. However this growth in economy development of Loznica and Jadar was stopped after the break out of the II World war. (1941–1945).
Economics
Italian manufacturer of stockings and women's underwear "Golden Lady" has a factory in Loznica, exporting to countries of the European Union. For now the factory employs 550 workers.
Culture
Tršic
Tršić is a village in the municipality of Loznica, located in the Mačva region of Serbia. It is the birthplace of Serbian linguist/language reformer, Vuk Stefanović Karadžić....
the ethnic village. There is a national epic "Battle in Loznica. And the central figure of the First Serbian Uprising is Duke of Loznica Anta Bogicevic. His grave is located near church of Virgin. Loznica is the birthplace of Jovan Cvijić
Jovan Cvijic
Jovan Cvijić was a Serbian geographer, president of the Serbian Royal Academy of Sciences, and rector of the University of Belgrade. A world-renowned scientist, Cvijić is considered the founder of geography in Serbia.-Early life and family:Jovan Cvijić was born on October 11 Jovan Cvijić...
.
Vuk Stefanović Karadžić
Vuk Stefanovic Karadžic
Vuk Stefanović Karadžić was a Serbian philolog and linguist, the major reformer of the Serbian language, and deserves, perhaps, for his collections of songs, fairy tales, and riddles to be called the father of the study of Serbian folklore. He was the author of the first Serbian dictionary...
was born in Tršić
Tršic
Tršić is a village in the municipality of Loznica, located in the Mačva region of Serbia. It is the birthplace of Serbian linguist/language reformer, Vuk Stefanović Karadžić....
near Loznica, educated in monastery Tronoša.
Most important cultural event for the community of Loznica is "Vukov Sabor" (Council of Vuk) in Tršić. Event is held every year in September, in memory of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić
Vuk Stefanovic Karadžic
Vuk Stefanović Karadžić was a Serbian philolog and linguist, the major reformer of the Serbian language, and deserves, perhaps, for his collections of songs, fairy tales, and riddles to be called the father of the study of Serbian folklore. He was the author of the first Serbian dictionary...
.
"Vukov Sabor" is the oldest and largest cultural event in Serbia, for its importance and the increasing volume (20.000-30.000 visitors).
Sister city is Płock in Poland. Another sister city is Ivanic-Grad
Ivanic Grad
Ivanić-Grad is a town in Zagreb County, Croatia. It is part of Moslavina.-Geography:Ivanić-Grad is located south-east from Zagreb, connected: by highway A3 by train on direction Zagreb - Slavonski Brod - Vinkovci.-Population:In the 2001 census, the total population is 14,544, in the following...
in Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
. Every year, politicians and diplomats to visit Loznica Płock.
Loznica has its own football club called "F.C. Loznica".
Municipality
Municipality of Loznica includes the following settlements:- Loznica
- Banja KoviljačaBanja KoviljacaBanja Koviljača is a popular tourist town and spa situated in the Loznica municipality, Serbia. It is the oldest spa in Serbia. Banja Koviljača is located on the west border of Serbia by the Drina river, 137 kilometres from Belgrade. The population of the town is 6,340 people .-Name:Banja...
- BaščeluciBašceluciBaščeluci is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District. It has a population of 980....
- BradićBradicBradić is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District. It has a population of 841....
- BrezjakBrezjakBrezjak is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District. It has a population of 241....
- BrnjacBrnjacBrnjac is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District. It has a population of 631....
- Veliko SeloVeliko Selo (Loznica)Veliko Selo is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District. It has a population of 446....
- VoćnjakVoćnjakVoćnjak is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1204 people.-References:...
- Gornja BadanjaGornja BadanjaGornja Badanja is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 598 people.-References:...
- Gornja BorinaGornja BorinaGornja Borina is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 188 people.-References:...
- Gornja KoviljačaGornja KoviljačaGornja Koviljača is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 585 people.-References:...
- Gornja SipuljaGornja SipuljaGornja Sipulja is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 250 people.-References:...
- Gornje NedeljiceGornje NedeljiceGornje Nedeljice is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 699 people.-References:...
- Gornji DobrićGornji DobrićGornji Dobrić is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 728 people.-References:...
- GrnčaraGrnčaraGrnčara is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 654 people.-References:...
- Donja BadanjaDonja BadanjaDonja Badanja is a village in western Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Loznica, in the Mačva District. Donja Badanja's current population is 510...
- Donja SipuljaDonja SipuljaDonja Sipulja is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 244 people.-References:...
- Donje NedeljiceDonje NedeljiceDonje Nedeljice is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 566 people.-References:...
- Donji DobrićDonji DobrićDonji Dobrić is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1438 people.-References:...
- DraginacDraginac (Loznica)Draginac is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 324 people....
- ZajačaZajačaZajača is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 693 people.-References:...
- Jadranska LešnicaJadranska LešnicaJadranska Lešnica is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 2088 people....
- Jarebice
- JelavJelavJelav is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 679 people.-References:...
- JoševaJoševaJoševa is a village in the municipality of Bratunac, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
- JugovićiJugovićiLapovo is a village situated in Loznica municipality in Serbia....
- KamenicaKamenica (Loznica)Kamenica is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 189 people.-References:...
- KlupciKlupciKlupci is a locality of Serbia located in the municipality of Loznica, district of Mačva.-Klupci the village:In 2002 it had a population of 7297 inhabitants, 95% of which were ethnic Serbs....
- Kozjak
- KorenitaKorenitaKorenita is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 2680 people....
- KrajišniciKrajišniciKrajišnici is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1048 people....
- LešnicaLešnicaLešnica is a village in western Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Loznica, in the Mačva District. Lešnica's current population is 4,731 .-History:...
- LipnicaLipnica (Loznica)Lipnica is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 974 people.-References:...
- Lipnički ŠorLipnički ŠorLipnički Šor is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 2673 people.-References:...
- Lozničko PoljeLozničko PoljeLozničko Polje is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 7922 people.-References:...
- MilinaMilinaMilina is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 228 people.-References:...
- Meraja
- Novo SeloNovo Selo (Loznica)Novo Selo is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 1404 people.-References:...
- PaskovacPaskovacPaskovac is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 687 people.-References:...
- PločaPloča (Loznica)Ploča is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 945 people.-References:...
- PomijačaPomijačaPomijača is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 201 people.-References:...
- RibariceRibariceRibarice is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 407 people.-References:...
- RunjaniRunjaniLapovo is a village situated in Loznica municipality in Serbia....
- Simino BrdoSimino BrdoSimino Brdo is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 244 people....
- SlatinaSlatina (Loznica)Slatina is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 214 people.-References:...
- StražaStraža (Loznica)Straža is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1018 people.-References:...
- StupnicaStupnicaStupnica is a right tributary of the San River in southeastern Poland. It flows for roughly 28 kilometres....
- TekerišTekerišTekeriš is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Loznica municipality, in the Mačva District. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 370 people .-History:...
- TrbosiljeTrbosiljeTrbosilje is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 352 people.-References:...
- Trbušnica
- Tršić
- FilipovićiFilipovićiFilipovići is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 177 people....
- Cikote
- ČokešinaČokešinaČokešina is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 881 people.-References:...
- ŠuriceŠurice (Loznica)Šurice is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 281 people....
Demographics (2002 census)
Ethnic groups in the Loznica municipality:- SerbsSerbsThe Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
= 83,729 - BosniaksBosniaksThe Bosniaks or Bosniacs are a South Slavic ethnic group, living mainly in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a smaller minority also present in other lands of the Balkan Peninsula especially in Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia...
= 555 - Roma = 428
- YugoslavsYugoslavsYugoslavs is a national designation used by a minority of South Slavs across the countries of the former Yugoslavia and in the diaspora...
= 210 - Montenegrins = 118
- others