Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau
Encyclopedia
Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau, also Laurentius Scholzius (20 September 1552 Breslau—22 April 1599 Breslau) was a German botanist and physician
.
and Bologna
, cities with well-established botanical gardens, he studied medicine
and other sciences.
In 1579 he undertook an educational grand tour of Italy with his countrymen Niklas von Rhediger, Johann Matthäus Wacker von Wackenfels
und Martin Schilling. He and Schilling separated from the group in Milan and traveled to southern France, where he took his doctorate at the University of Valence
.
In 1580 he was back on in Breslau where he remained permanently from 1585 onward. He previously practiced medicine in Schwiebus and Freystadt in Silesia
. After returning to Silesia
, Scholz married Sara Aurifaber, the daughter of a Breslau pastor. He worked intensively in research on the plague
and wrote a Pestordnung, printed 1581 in Breslau. In 1585 Johannes Crato von Krafftheim
bestowed a coat of arms on Scholz in Crato’s capacity as an imperial count palatine
. In recognition of his successful efforts against the plague, he was elevated to the Bohemian peerage with the title "Scholz von Rosenau" in 1596. Scholz succumbed to tuberculosis
1599.
He became famous through the translation and publication of writings of famous Greek
and Arab
medical writers, as well as contemporary physicians. To these contributions he added his own Aphorismorum medicinalium cum theoreticorum tum practicorum sectiones VIII of 1589, a reference
work of the collected medical knowledge of his age.
As a botanist, Scholz was particularly interested the newly introduced exotic plants from Asia
and Americas
, which he cultivated from 1587 in prodigious quantities in his garden in Breslau. He commissioned the Breslau painter Georg Freyberger to produce an illustrated catalog; he wrote two plant inventories, which were printed in 1587 and 1594 in Breslau. Scholz's garden covered an area of about three hectares and was divided into four quadrants by a central pathway. In the middle of the garden was a building that served as an art gallery and dining room. Here he organized cheerful flower festivals to which he invited selected individuals. He also cultivated potatoes
in his garden.
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
.
Life
He was a son of the Breslau pharmacist with the same name. After a classical education at the Elisabeth school in Breslau, Scholz attended the University of Wittenberg from 1572 to 1576. There and in PaduaUniversity of Padua
The University of Padua is a premier Italian university located in the city of Padua, Italy. The University of Padua was founded in 1222 as a school of law and was one of the most prominent universities in early modern Europe. It is among the earliest universities of the world and the second...
and Bologna
University of Bologna
The Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna is the oldest continually operating university in the world, the word 'universitas' being first used by this institution at its foundation. The true date of its founding is uncertain, but believed by most accounts to have been 1088...
, cities with well-established botanical gardens, he studied medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
and other sciences.
In 1579 he undertook an educational grand tour of Italy with his countrymen Niklas von Rhediger, Johann Matthäus Wacker von Wackenfels
Wacker von Wackenfels
Johannes Matthaeus Wacker von Wackenfels was an active diplomat, scholar and author, with an avid interest in history and philosophy...
und Martin Schilling. He and Schilling separated from the group in Milan and traveled to southern France, where he took his doctorate at the University of Valence
University of Valence
The University of Valence was founded 26 July, 1452, by letters patent from the Dauphin Louis, afterwards Louis XI of France, in a move to develop the city of Valence, then part of his domain of Dauphiné. It existed until the French Revolution.-History:...
.
In 1580 he was back on in Breslau where he remained permanently from 1585 onward. He previously practiced medicine in Schwiebus and Freystadt in Silesia
Kozuchów
Kożuchów is a town in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland.- External links :*...
. After returning to Silesia
Silesia
Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
, Scholz married Sara Aurifaber, the daughter of a Breslau pastor. He worked intensively in research on the plague
Bubonic plague
Plague is a deadly infectious disease that is caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis, named after the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin. Primarily carried by rodents and spread to humans via fleas, the disease is notorious throughout history, due to the unrivaled scale of death...
and wrote a Pestordnung, printed 1581 in Breslau. In 1585 Johannes Crato von Krafftheim
Johannes Crato von Krafftheim
Johannes Crato von Krafftheim was a German humanist and court physician to three Holy Roman emperors.- Origins and education :...
bestowed a coat of arms on Scholz in Crato’s capacity as an imperial count palatine
Count palatine
Count palatine is a high noble title, used to render several comital styles, in some cases also shortened to Palatine, which can have other meanings as well.-Comes palatinus:...
. In recognition of his successful efforts against the plague, he was elevated to the Bohemian peerage with the title "Scholz von Rosenau" in 1596. Scholz succumbed to tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
1599.
He became famous through the translation and publication of writings of famous Greek
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
and Arab
Arab world
The Arab world refers to Arabic-speaking states, territories and populations in North Africa, Western Asia and elsewhere.The standard definition of the Arab world comprises the 22 states and territories of the Arab League stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the...
medical writers, as well as contemporary physicians. To these contributions he added his own Aphorismorum medicinalium cum theoreticorum tum practicorum sectiones VIII of 1589, a reference
Reference
Reference is derived from Middle English referren, from Middle French rèférer, from Latin referre, "to carry back", formed from the prefix re- and ferre, "to bear"...
work of the collected medical knowledge of his age.
As a botanist, Scholz was particularly interested the newly introduced exotic plants from Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
and Americas
Americas
The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...
, which he cultivated from 1587 in prodigious quantities in his garden in Breslau. He commissioned the Breslau painter Georg Freyberger to produce an illustrated catalog; he wrote two plant inventories, which were printed in 1587 and 1594 in Breslau. Scholz's garden covered an area of about three hectares and was divided into four quadrants by a central pathway. In the middle of the garden was a building that served as an art gallery and dining room. Here he organized cheerful flower festivals to which he invited selected individuals. He also cultivated potatoes
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
in his garden.
Works
- Aphorismorum Medicinalium ... Breslau: Per Haeredes Iohannis Scharffenbergij, 1589 (VD 16VD 16The Verzeichnis der im deutschen Sprachbereich erschienenen Drucke des 16. Jahrhunderts , abbreviated VD 16, is a project to make a retrospective German national bibliography for the sixteenth century. The project was compiled during the period 1969-1999...
S 3823). - Catalogus arborum, fruticum et plantarum. Breslau: (Georg Baumann d.J.), 1594 (VD 16 S 3824).
- Consiliorum Medicinalium, conscriptum a praestantiss. atque exercitatiss. nostrorum temporum medicis, liber singulis.... Nunc primum studio & opera, Laurentii Scholzii a Rozenaw med. Vratisl. hoc modo in lucem editus. Frankfurt: Apud Andreae Wecheli haeredes, Claudium Marnium & Joan. Aubrium, 1598 (VD 16 S 3825).
- Epistolarum Philosophicarum: medicinalium, ac chymicarum a summis nostrae aetatis philosophis ac medicis exaraturum, volumen ... Nunc primum labore, ac industria, Laurentii Scholzii a Rozenaw ... foras datum. Frankfurt: Apud Andreae Wecheli haeredes, Claudium Marnium & Joan. Aubrium, 1598 (VD 16 S 3826).
- In Laurentii Scholzii Medici Wratisl. Hortum Epigrammata Amicorum Breslau, 1594 (VD 16 S 3827).