List of tobacco diseases
Encyclopedia
This is a list of diseases of tobacco
(Nicotiana tabacum).
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
(Nicotiana tabacum).
Bacterial diseases
| Bacterial diseases |
|
|---|---|
| Angular leaf spot | Pseudomonas amygdali Pseudomonas amygdali Pseudomonas amygdali is a Gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium. It is named after its ability to cause disease on almond trees. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. amygdali has been placed in the P. syringae group. Following ribotypical analysis several pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae were... pv. tabaci |
| Granville wilt | Ralstonia solanacearum Ralstonia solanacearum Ralstonia solanacearum is an aerobic non-sporing, Gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium. R. solanacearum is soil-borne and motile with a polar flagellar tuft. It colonises the xylem, causing bacterial wilt in a very wide range of potential host plants... formally Pseudomonas solanacearum |
| Hairy roots | Agrobacterium rhizogenes Agrobacterium rhizogenes Agrobacterium rhizogenes is a Gram negative soil bacterium that produces hairy root disease in dicotyledonous plants.A... |
| Hollow stalk | Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica |
| Leaf gall | Rhodococcus fascians Rhodococcus fascians Rhodococcus fascians is a Gram positive bacterial phytopathogen that causes leafy gall disease. R. fascians is the only phytopathogenic member of the Rhodococcus genus; its host range includes both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous hosts... |
| Wildfire | Pseudomonas syringae Pseudomonas syringae Pseudomonas syringae is a rod shaped, Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella. It is a plant pathogen which can infect a wide range of plant species, and exists as over 50 different pathovars, all of which are available to legitimate researches via international culture collections such as the... pv. tabaci" |
Fungal diseases
| Fungal diseases |
|
|---|---|
| Anthracnose | Colletotrichum destructivum Colletotrichum destructivum Colletotrichum destructivum is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... Glomerella glycines Glomerella glycines Glomerella glycines is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... [teleomorph] |
| Barn spot | Cercospora nicotianae Cercospora nicotianae Cercospora nicotianae is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Barn rot | Several fungi and bacteria |
| Black root rot | Thielaviopsis basicola Thielaviopsis basicola Thielaviopsis basicola is a plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Bikini | Phytophthora nicotianae Phytophthora nicotianae Phytophthora nicotianae is a plant pathogen. It can be found in the root of Zamioculcas zamiifolia.- External links :* *... |
| Blue mold (downy mildew) | Peronospora tabacina Peronospora hyoscyami f.sp. tabacina |
| Brown spot | Alternaria alternata Alternaria alternata Alternaria alternata has been recorded causing leaf spot and other diseases on over 380 host species. It is opportunistic pathogen on numerous hosts causing leaf spots, rots and blights on many plant parts... |
| Charcoal rot | Macrophomina phaseolina Macrophomina phaseolina Macrophomina phaseolina is a Botryosphaeriaceae fungus that is a plant pathogen that causes charcoal rot on many plant species including Zea mays and Pinus elliottii.- External links :* *... |
| Collar rot | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a plant pathogenic fungus and can cause a disease called white mold if conditions are correct. S. sclerotiorum can also be known as cottony rot, watery soft rot, stem rot, drop, crown rot and blossom blight... |
| Damping-off, Pythium | Pythium Pythium Pythium is a genus of parasitic oomycete. Most species are plant parasites, but Pythium insidiosum is an important pathogen of animals... spp. Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium aphanidermatum is a plant pathogen.- External links :**... Pythium ultimum Pythium ultimum Pythium ultimum is a plant pathogen.- External links :***... |
| Frogeye leaf spot | Cercospora nicotianae Cercospora nicotianae Cercospora nicotianae is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Fusarium wilt | Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. as emended by Snyder and Hansen comprises all the species, varieties and forms recognized by Wollenweber and Reinking within an infrageneric grouping called section Elegans... (several f. sp.) |
| Gray mold | Botrytis cinerea Botrytis cinerea Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes. In viticulture, it is commonly known as botrytis bunch rot; in horticulture, it is usually called grey mould or gray mold.The fungus gives rise to two different kinds of... Botryotinia fuckeliana Botryotinia fuckeliana Botryotinia fuckeliana is a plant pathogen, and the causal agent of gray mold disease.The specific epithet was named by mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary in honor of another mycologist, Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel.... [teleomorph] |
| Mycosphaerella leaf spot | Mycosphaerella nicotianae |
| Olpidium seedling blight | Olpidium brassicae Olpidium brassicae Olpidium brassicae is a plant pathogen. In 1983, the Alsike, Alberta area's clover was struck by a fungus epidemic of Olpidium brassicae, previously not seen in Canada.- External links :* *... |
| Phyllosticta leaf spot | Phyllosticta nicotiana |
| Powdery mildew | Erysiphe cichoracearum Erysiphe cichoracearum Erysiphe cichoracearum is a plant pathogen that causes powdery mildew disease of cucurbits, including melon, cucumber, pumpkin, and squash. The primary symptoms are white, powder-like spots on the leaves and stems. Sphaerotheca fuliginea causes a similar looking powdery mildew of cucurbits.-... |
| Ragged leaf spot | Phoma exigua var. exigua Phoma exigua var. exigua Phoma exigua var. exigua is a fungal plant pathogen.-External links:* *... Fusarium affine Fusarium affine Fusarium affine is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *... |
| Sore shin and damping-off | Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. This plant pathogen was discovered more than 100 years ago. Rhizoctonia solani frequently exists as thread-like growth on plants or in culture. Asexual spores are not produced, only the sexual stage... Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] |
| Southern stem rot Southern blight |
Sclerotium rolfsii Athelia rolfsii Athelia rolfsii Athelia rolfsii is a corticioid fungus in the family Atheliaceae. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of "southern blight" disease in crops.-Taxonomy:... [teleomorph] |
| Stem rot of tranplants | Pythium Pythium Pythium is a genus of parasitic oomycete. Most species are plant parasites, but Pythium insidiosum is an important pathogen of animals... spp. |
| Target spot | Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. This plant pathogen was discovered more than 100 years ago. Rhizoctonia solani frequently exists as thread-like growth on plants or in culture. Asexual spores are not produced, only the sexual stage... |
| Verticillium wilt | Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium albo-atrum is a plant pathogen.-External links:* *... Verticillium dahliae Verticillium dahliae Verticillium dahliae is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes verticillium wilt in many plant species, causing leaves to curl and discolor. It may cause death in some plants.- External links :* *... |
Nematodes, parasitic
| Nematodes, parasitic |
|
|---|---|
| Bulb and stem (stem break) | Ditylenchus dipsaci Ditylenchus dipsaci Ditylenchus dipsaci is a plant pathogenic nematode which primarily infects onions and garlic. It is commonly known as the stem nematode, the stem and bulb eelworm or onion bloat .-Distribution:... |
| Cyst | Globodera solanacearum Globodera virginiae Globodera tabacum Globodera tabacum Globodera tabacum, commonly known as a tobacco cyst nematode, is a plant parasitic nematode that mainly infests the tobacco plant, but also plants in Solanaceae family.-History and significance:... |
| Dagger, American | Xiphinema americanum Xiphinema americanum Xiphinema americanum is a plant pathogenic nematode. It is one of many species that belongs to the genus Xiphinema. It was first described by N. A. Cobb in 1913, who found it on both sides of the United States on the roots of grass, corn, and citrus trees. Not only is Xiphinema americanum known to... |
| Foliar | Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi is a plant pathogenic nematode.- External links :*... |
| Lesion | Pratylenchus brachyurus Pratylenchus brachyurus Pratylenchus brachyurus is a plant pathogenic nematode.- External links :*... Pratylenchus penetrans Pratylenchus penetrans Pratylenchus penetrans is a plant pathogenic nematode.- External links :*... Pratylenchus Pratylenchus Pratylenchus is a genus of plant-parasitic nematodes responsible for root lesions on many plant hosts in temperate regions around the world. Lesion nematodes are migratory endoparasites that enter the host root for feeding and reproduction and move freely through or out of the root tissue. They do... spp. |
| Reniform | Rotylenchulus reniformis Rotylenchulus reniformis -History and significance:Rotylenchulus reniformis is a plant parasite nematode with a worldwide distribution in the tropical and subtropical regions. This nematode has a wide host range infecting plants in many species around the word. It belongs to the Family Hoplolaimidae; it was first... |
| Root-knot | Meloidogyne arenaria Meloidogyne arenaria Meloidogyne arenaria is a plant pathogenic nematode.- External links :*... Meloidogyne hapla Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne incognita The Meloidogyne incognita is a nematode, a type of roundworm, in the family Heteroderidae. It is an important plant parasite classified in parasitology as a root-knot nematode, as it prefers to attack the root of its host plant.... Meloidogyne javanica Meloidogyne javanica Meloidogyne javanica is a plant pathogenic nematode. It is one of the tropical Root-knot Nematodes and a major agricultural pest in many countries. Meloidogyne javanica reproduces by obligatory mitotic parthenogenesis .- External links :*... |
| Spiral | Helicotylenchus Helicotylenchus Helicotylenchus is a genus of nematodes in the family Hoplolaimidae.-Diagnosis:Hoplolaimidae. Female : Body vermiform, spiral to straight. Labial region continuous to slightly offset, rounded or anteriorly flattened, generally annulated but never longitudinally striated; anterior lip annulus... spp. |
| Stubby-root | Paratrichodorus spp. Trichodorus spp. |
| Stunt | Merlinius spp. Tylenchorhynchus Tylenchorhynchus Tylenchorhynchus is a genus of nematodes including many species of plant parasites. The classification of stunt nematodes - those including the Tylenchorhynchus genus - is unstable; many newly discovered species within this genus are reconsidered to be actually subspecies... spp. |
Viral and Phytoplasma diseases
| Viral mycoplasmalike organisms [MLO] diseases |
|
|---|---|
| Alfalfa mosaic | Alfalfa mosaic virus Alfalfa mosaic virus Alfalfa mosaic virus , also known as Lucerne mosaic virus or Potato calico virus, is a worldwide distributed phytopathogen that can lead to necrosis and yellow mosaics on a large variety of plant species, including commercially important crops. It is the only Alfamovirus of the Bromoviridae... |
| Aster yellows Aster yellows Aster yellows is a chronic, systemic plant disease caused by a bacterium-like organism called a phytoplasma. The aster yellows phytoplasma affects 300 species in 38 families of broad-leaf herbaceous plants, primarily in the aster family. Symptoms are variable and can include phyllody, virescence,... |
Phytoplasma |
| Beet curly top | Beet curly top virus Beet curly top virus Beet curly top virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Geminiviridae.-External links:**... |
| Bushy top | Tobacco vein distorting virus and tobacco bushy top virus in combination |
| Cucumber mosaic | Cucumber mosaic virus Cucumber mosaic virus Cucumber mosaic virus is a plant pathogenic virus in the family Bromoviridae.It is the type member of the plant virus genus, Cucumovirus. This virus has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range. In fact it has the reputation of having the widest host range of any known plant virus... |
| Lettuce necrotic yellows | Lettuce necrotic yellows virus Lettuce necrotic yellows virus Lettuce necrotic yellows virus is a plant virus belonging to the virus order Mononegavirales, family Rhabdoviridae and genus cytorhabdovirus. It was first identified in Australia in the plant species Lactuca sativa in 1963 by Stubbs et al. Since then it has been identified in many other plant... (in Nicotiana glutinosa) |
| Peanut stunt | Peanut stunt virus Peanut stunt virus Peanut stunt virus is a plant pathogenic virus in the family Bromoviridae . It is a member of the genus Cucumovirus , the type member of which is Cucumber mosaic virus . The three members of this genus are positive-stranded RNA viruses with a multipartite genome... |
| Rosette disease | Tobacco vein distorting virus and tobacco mottle virus in combination |
| Stolbur | Phytoplasma Phytoplasma Phytoplasma are specialised bacteria that are obligate parasites of plant phloem tissue and transmitting insects . They were first discovered by scientists in 1967 and were named mycoplasma-like organisms or MLOs. They cannot be cultured in vitro in cell-free media... |
| Tobacco etch | Tobacco etch virus Tobacco etch virus Tobacco etch virus is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae. Like other members of the Potyvirus genus, TEV is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid made for a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a... |
| Tobacco leaf curl | Tobacco leaf curl virus Tobacco leaf curl virus Tobacco leaf curl virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Geminiviridae.-External links:**... |
| Tobacco mosaic | Tobacco mosaic virus Tobacco mosaic virus Tobacco mosaic virus is a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus that infects plants, especially tobacco and other members of the family Solanaceae. The infection causes characteristic patterns on the leaves . TMV was the first virus to be discovered... and Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus The Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tobacco mosaic satellivirus was first reported in Nicotiana glauca from southern California, U.S.A. by Valverde and Dodds. Its genome consists of linear single-stranded RNA.... |
| Tobacco necrosis | Tobacco necrosis virus Tobacco necrosis virus Tobacco necrosis virus is a plant virus of the family Tombusviridae.It is transmitted by the fungus Olpidium brassicae.-General Properties of TNV:TNV has wide host range . The virus can be isolated from roots of... |
| Tobacco rattle | Tobacco rattle virus Tobacco rattle virus Tobacco rattle virus is a plant pathogenic virus.-External links:**... |
| Tobacco ring spot | Tobacco ring spot virus |
| Tobacco streak | Tobacco streak virus Tobacco streak virus Tobacco streak virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Bromoviridae.-External links:**- Affected organisms :* Asparagus, Asparagus officinalis* Faba bean, Vicia faba* Cotton, Gossypium herbaceum* Sun flower* Groundnut... |
| Tobacco stunt | Tobacco stunt virus Tobacco stunt virus Tobacco stunt virus is a plant pathogenic virus.-External links:**... |
| Tobacco vein mottling | Tobacco vein mottling virus Tobacco vein mottling virus Tobacco vein mottling virus is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae.-External links:**... |
| Tomato spotted wilt | Tomato spotted wilt virus |
| Vein banding | Potato virus Y Potato virus Y Potato virus Y is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae, and one of the most important plant viruses affecting potato production.... |
| Wound tumor | Wound tumor virus Wound tumor virus Wound tumor virus is an invertebrate and plant virus found in the United States of America belonging to the genus Phytoreoviridae and the family Reoviridae. The virus is a Type III virus under the Baltimore classification system; that is it has a double-stranded RNA genome. This genome is... |
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
| Miscellaneous diseases and disorders |
|
|---|---|
| Brown root rot | Pratylenchus spp. (nematodes) |
| Drought spot | Drought |
| False broomrape | Unknown |
| Frenching | Metabolite of Bacillus cereus |
| Stem break (in Europe) | Ditylenchus dipsaci (nematodes) |
| Sunscald | High light intensity and high temperatures |
| Weather fleck | Ozone |