List of the largest hydroelectric power stations
Encyclopedia
This article provides a list of the largest hydroelectric power stations by generating capacity. Only plants with capacity larger than 2,000 MW are listed. Generating capacity is not the only factor determining the amount of electricity generated, as this also depends on consistent utilization of the plant's capacity
Capacity factor
The net capacity factor or load factor of a power plant is the ratio of the actual output of a power plant over a period of time and its potential output if it had operated at full nameplate capacity the entire time...

. Factors enhancing this are the free capacity of the reservoir and the consistency of water supply during and across years.

The Three Gorges Dam
Three Gorges Dam
The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangtze River by the town of Sandouping, located in the Yiling District of Yichang, in Hubei province, China...

 in Hubei
Hubei
' Hupeh) is a province in Central China. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Lake Dongting...

, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

, has the world's largest instantaneous generating capacity (22,500 MW), with the Itaipu dam in Brazil/Paraguay in second place (14,000 MW). During the course of an entire year, the Itaipu dam generates more electricity (94.7 TWH) than the Three Gorges Dam (84.4 TWH) because the Three Gorges dam experiences six months per year when there is very little water available to generate power, while the Parana river that feeds the Itaipu dam has a much lower seasonal variance in flow. The giant Three Gorges Dam
Three Gorges Dam
The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangtze River by the town of Sandouping, located in the Yiling District of Yichang, in Hubei province, China...

 (22,500 MW when completed) is operated jointly with the much smaller Gezhouba Dam
Gezhouba Dam
The Gezhouba Dam or Gezhouba Water Control Project on the Yangtze River is located in the western suburbs of Yichang City in central China's Hubei province. The dam sits a few kilometers upstream from downtown Yichang, just downstream of the fall of the Huangbo River into the Yangtze. Construction...

 (3,115 MW). , the total generating capacity of this two-dam complex is 21,515 MW. The whole project is planned to be completed in 2012, when the total generating capacity will be 25,615 MW. In 2008, this complex generated 97.9 TWh of electricity (80.8 TWh from the Three Gorges Dam and 17.1 TWh from the Gezhouba Dam), which is 3.4% more power in one year than the 94.7 TWh generated by Itaipu in 2008.
The Itaipu power plant on the Brazil-Paraguay border currently produces first most hydroelectricity power in the world in a single dam. With 20 generator units and 14,000 MW of installed capacity, in 2008 the Itaipu power plant reached a new historic record for electricity production by generating 94.68 TWh.

The Jinsha River
Jinsha River
Jinsha River is the westernmost of the major headwater streams of the Yangtze River, southwestern China.Its headwaters rise in the Wulan and Kekexili ranges in western Qinghai province, to the south of the Kunlun Mountains, and on the northern slope of the Tanggula Mountains on the border of the...

 (the upper stream of Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...

) complex is the largest hydroelectric generating system currently under construction. It has 3 phases. Phase one includes 4 dams on the downstream of the Jinsha River. They are Wudongde Dam
Wudongde Dam
The Wudongde Dam is a large hydroelectric dam currently under construction on the Jinsha River, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, southwest China. The dam will generate power by utilizing 12 turbines, each with a generating capacity of , totalling the generating...

, Baihetan Dam
Baihetan Dam
The Baihetan Dam is a large hydroelectric dam under construction on the Jinsha River, a tributary of the Yangtze River) in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, in the southwest of China. The facility will generate power by utilizing eighteen turbines, each with a generating capacity of , totalling the...

, Xiluodu Dam
Xiluodu Dam
The Xiluodu Dam is a hydroelectric dam project on the Jinsha River, i.e. the upper course of the Yangtze River in China. In early 2005, the Chinese government halted the construction due to lack of environmental impact studies. Later, construction was restarted. If completed, the Xiluodu Dam will...

, and Xiangjiaba Dam
Xiangjiaba Dam
The Xiangjiaba Dam is a large hydroelectric dam on the Jinsha River, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province, southwest China. The facility runs on eight turbines, each with a capacity of , totalling the generating capacity to . When completed, it will be the...

, with generating capacity of 7,400 MW, 14,000 MW, 12,600 MW, and 6,000 MW respectively. The total generating capacity of those four dams is 40,000 MW. Construction of Xiluodu Dam
Xiluodu Dam
The Xiluodu Dam is a hydroelectric dam project on the Jinsha River, i.e. the upper course of the Yangtze River in China. In early 2005, the Chinese government halted the construction due to lack of environmental impact studies. Later, construction was restarted. If completed, the Xiluodu Dam will...

 started on December 26, 2005. Construction of Xiangjiaba Dam
Xiangjiaba Dam
The Xiangjiaba Dam is a large hydroelectric dam on the Jinsha River, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province, southwest China. The facility runs on eight turbines, each with a capacity of , totalling the generating capacity to . When completed, it will be the...

 started on November 26, 2006. Phase one is planned to be completed in 2015. Phase two includes 8 dams on the middle stream of the Jinsha River. The total generating capacity is 21,150 MW. Phase three includes 8 dams on the upper stream of the Jinsha River. The total generating capacity is 8,980 MW. The total combined capacity of the Jinsha complex with the Three Gorges complex will be 95,745 MW.

There is also planned for the Grand Inga Dam
Grand Inga Dam
The Grand Inga Dam is a proposed hydroelectric dam on the Congo River at Inga Falls in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.The proposed dam is the fourth and largest of the Inga Dams, from Inga-I, from Inga-II, and from the proposed Inga-III....

, at the Inga Dam
Inga Dam
The Inga Dams, located in western Democratic Republic of the Congo 140 miles southwest of Kinshasa, are hydroelectric dams on the largest waterfalls in the world, Inga Falls. Here the Congo River drops 96 metres and has an average flow of 42,476 m³/s....

 in the Congo River
Congo River
The Congo River is a river in Africa, and is the deepest river in the world, with measured depths in excess of . It is the second largest river in the world by volume of water discharged, though it has only one-fifth the volume of the world's largest river, the Amazon...

. Grand Inga would produce the most hydroelectricity power in the world in a single dam, with 52 generator units and 39,000 MW of installed capacity.
|-
!
! Name
! Country
! Year of completion
! Total Capacity (MW)
! Max annual electricity
production (TW-hour)
! Area flooded (km²)
|-
| 1
| Three Gorges Dam
Three Gorges Dam
The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangtze River by the town of Sandouping, located in the Yiling District of Yichang, in Hubei province, China...

 > | 16
| Yaciretá
Yaciretá Dam
The Yacyretá Dam or Hydroelectric Power Station Jasyretâ-Apipé is a dam and hydroelectric power plant built over the waterfalls of Jasyretâ-Apipé in the Paraná River, between the Argentine Province of Corrientes and the Paraguayan City of Ayolas. The dam is named for Yacyretâ Island just upstream,...

 > | 26
| La Grande-4
La Grande-4 generating station
The La Grande-4 is a hydroelectric generating station on the La Grande River that is part of Hydro-Québec's James Bay Project. The station can generate 2,779 MW and was commissioned in 1984–1986...

 >
2008/2011 18,300 (October 2008);
22,500 (when complete)
80.8 >-
| 2
| Itaipu 
1984/1991/2003 14,000 94.7 >-
| 3
| Guri (Simón Bolívar) 
1986 10,200 53.41 >-
| 4
| Tucuruí
Tucurui dam
The Tucuruí Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Tocantins River located on the Tucuruí County in the State of Pará, Brazil. The main purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and navigation. It is the first large-scale hydroelectric project in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. The...

 
1984 8,370 41.43 >-
| 5
| Grand Coulee
Grand Coulee Dam
Grand Coulee Dam is a gravity dam on the Columbia River in the U.S. state of Washington built to produce hydroelectric power and provide irrigation. It was constructed between 1933 and 1942, originally with two power plants. A third power station was completed in 1974 to increase its energy...

 
1942/1980 6,809 20 >-
| 6
| Sayano Shushenskaya
Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric station
The Sayano–Shushenskaya Dam is located on the Yenisei River, near Sayanogorsk in Khakassia, Russia. It is the largest power plant in Russia and the sixth-largest hydroelectric plant in the world, by average power generation. The full legal name of the power plant, OJSC [Open Joint-Stock Society]...

 
(repair works)
2009 Sayano-Shushenskaya hydro accident
The 2009 Sayano–Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station accident occurred at 00:13 GMT on 17 August 2009, when turbine 2 of the Sayano–Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station broke apart violently...

 
1985/1989 2009/2014 6,400 26.8 >-
| 7
| Krasnoyarskaya
Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric dam
The Krasnoyarsk Dam is a high concrete gravity dam located on the Yenisey River about upstream from Krasnoyarsk in Divnogorsk, Russia. It was constructed from 1956 to 1972 and supplies 6,000 MW of power, mostly used to supply the KrAZ...

 
1972 6,000 20.4 >-
| 8
| Robert-Bourassa
Robert-Bourassa generating station
The Robert-Bourassa generating station is a hydroelectric power station on the La Grande River that is part of Hydro-Québec's James Bay Project in Canada...

 
1981 5,616 >-
| 9
| Churchill Falls
Churchill Falls Generating Station
The Churchill Falls Generating Station is a hydroelectric power station located on the Churchill River in Newfoundland and Labrador. The underground power station can generate 5,428 MW, which makes it the second-largest in Canada, after the Robert-Bourassa generating station. The generating station...

 
1971 5,428 35 >-
| 10
| Longtan Dam
Longtan dam
Longtan Dam is a large roller-compacted concrete gravity dam on the Hongshui River in Tian'e County of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, a tributary of the Xi River and the Pearl River. The dam is high and long; it is the tallest of its type in the world. The dam is intended for...

 
2009 4,900 (6,300 when complete) 18.7 >-
| 11
| Bratskaya
Bratsk hydroelectric plant
The Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station is a concrete gravity dam on the Angara River and adjacent hydroelectric power station. It is the second level of the Angara River hydroelectric stations cascade in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Located in Bratsk...

 
1967 4,500 22.6 >-
| 12
| Ust Ilimskaya
Ust-Ilimsk Hydroelectric Power Station
The Ust-Ilimsk Hydroelectric Power Station is a concrete gravity dam on the Angara River and adjacent hydroelectric power station. It is located near Ust-Ilimsk, Irkutsk Oblast in Russia and is the third and last dam on the Angara cascades...

 
1980 4,320 21.7 >-
| 13
| Paulo Afonso Hydroelectric Complex
Paulo Afonso Hydroelectric Complex
The Paulo Afonso Hydroelectric Complex , also known as the Paulo Afonso Complex, is a system of three dams and five hydroelectric power plants on the São Francisco River near the city of Paulo Afonso in Bahia, Brazil. The complex exploits an natural gap on the river, known as the Paulo Afonso Falls...

 
1979 4,279 >-
| 14
| Laxiwa Dam
Laxiwa Dam
The Laxiwa Dam is an arch dam on the Yellow River in Qinghai Province, northwest China. It is downstream of the Longyangxia Dam and upstream from the Lijiaxia Dam. The main purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and it supports the largest station in the Yellow River basin...

 
2010 4,200 >-
| 15
| Xiaowan Dam
Xiaowan Dam
The Xiaowan Dam is a large hydroelectric arch dam on the Lancang River in Yunnan Province, southwest China. It is the world's highest arch dam and will be the second largest hydroelectric power station in China after the Three Gorges Dam. Construction started on 1 January 2002. The river was...

 
2010 4,200
1998 4,050 19.2 >-
| 17
| Pubugou Dam
Pubugou Dam
The Pubugou Dam is concrete face rock-fill embankment dam on the Dadu River, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Sichuan Province...

 
2010 3,600 >-
| 18
| Tarbela Dam
Tarbela Dam
Tarbela Dam on the Indus River in Pakistan is the second largest dam in the world by structural volume. It is located in Haripur District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, about northwest of Islamabad.The dam is high above the riverbed. The dam forms the Tarbela Reservoir, with a surface area of approximately...

 
1976 3,478 13 >-
| 19
| Ertan Dam
Ertan Dam
The Ertan Dam is an arch dam on the Yalong River, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Sichuan Province, southwest China.The dam has six hydroelectric generators, each with a generating capacity of 550 MW. The total generating capacity of the facility is 3,300 MW, one of the largest hydroelectric...

 
1999 3,300 (550×6) 17.0 >-
| 20
| Ilha Solteira Dam
Ilha Solteira Dam
The Ilha Solteira Dam is an embankment dam on the Paraná River near Ilha Solteira in São Paulo, Brazil. It was constructed between 1967 and 1973 for hydroelectric power production, flood control and navigation....

 
1973 3,444 >-
| 21
| Xingó Dam
Xingó Dam
The Xingó Dam is a concrete face rock-fill dam on the São Francisco River on the border of Alagoas and Sergipe, near Piranhas, Brazil. The dam was built for navigation, water supply and hydroelectric power generation as it supports a 3,162 MW power station...

 
1994/1997 3,162 >-
| 22
| Gezhouba Dam
Gezhouba Dam
The Gezhouba Dam or Gezhouba Water Control Project on the Yangtze River is located in the western suburbs of Yichang City in central China's Hubei province. The dam sits a few kilometers upstream from downtown Yichang, just downstream of the fall of the Huangbo River into the Yangtze. Construction...

 
1988 3,115 17.01 >-
| 23
| Boguchany Dam 
2011/2013 3,000 17.6 >-
| 24
| Nurek Dam
Nurek Dam
The Nurek Dam is an earth fill embankment dam on the Vakhsh River in the central Asian nation of Tajikistan. Construction of the dam began in 1961 and was completed in 1980, when Tajikistan was still a republic within the Soviet Union. At it is currently the tallest dam in the world...

 
1979/1988 3,000 11.2 >-
| 25
| Goupitan Dam
Goupitan Dam
The Goupitan Dam is an under construction concrete arch dam on the Wujiang River, a tributary of the Yangtze River in Guizhou Province, southwest of China. The dam's hydroelectric facility will operate on five turbines, each with a hydroelectric generating capacity of , for a total of ....

 
2009 3,000
1986 2,779 >-
| 27
| W. A. C. Bennett Dam
W. A. C. Bennett Dam
The W. A. C. Bennett Dam is a large hydroelectric earthfill dam on the Peace River in northern British Columbia, Canada. The dam, located 19 kilometres west of Hudson's Hope, and 85 kilometres northwest of Chetwynd, is named after the late former premier W. A. C. Bennett, and came on-line in 1968...

 
1968 2,730 13 >-
| 28
| Chief Joseph Dam
Chief Joseph Dam
The Chief Joseph Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Columbia River, upriver from Bridgeport, Washington, USA. The dam was authorized as Foster Creek Dam and Powerhouse for power generation and irrigation by the River and Harbor Act of 1946...

 
1958/73/79 2,620 >-
| 29
| Manic-5 and Manic-5-PA
Daniel-Johnson Dam
The Daniel-Johnson Dam , formerly known as Manic-5, is a multiple arch buttress dam on the Manicouagan River which creates Manicouagan Reservoir. The dam is composed of 14 buttresses and 13 arches and is north of Baie-Comeau in Quebec, Canada...

 
1968, 1989 2,592 >-
| 30
| Volzhskaya (Volgogradskaya)
Volga Hydroelectric Station
The Volga Hydroelectric Station or Volga GES also known as the 22nd Congress of the CPSU Stalingrad/Volgograd Hydroelectric Power Station , is the largest hydroelectric station in Europe and is the last of the Volga-Kama Cascade of dams, before the Volga River flows into the Caspian Sea...

 
1961 2,572 12.3 >-
| 31
| Niagara Falls (US) 
1961 2,515 >-
| 32
| Chicoasén (Manuel M. Torres) Dam
Chicoasén Dam
The Chicoasén Dam is an embankment dam and hydroelectric power station on the Grijalva River near Chicoasén in Chiapas, Mexico. The dam's power plant, known as "Manuel Moreno Torres" contains 5 x 300 MW, 3 x 310 MW Francis turbine-generators. Torres was Comisión Federal de Electricidad's Director...

 
1980 2,430 >-
| 33
| La Grande-3
La Grande-3 generating station
The La Grande-3 or LG-3 is a hydroelectric dam on the La Grande River in northern Quebec, part of Hydro-Québec's James Bay Project. The station can generate 2,418 MW and was commissioned in 1982-1984. It generates electricity through the reservoir and dam system. The dam and reservoir both are...

 
1984 2,418 >-
| 34
| Tehri Dam
Tehri dam
The Tehri Dam is a multi-purpose rock and earth-fill embankment dam on the Bhagirathi River near Tehri in Uttarakhand, India. It is the primary dam of the Tehri Hydro Development Corporation Ltd. and the Tehri hydroelectric complex...

 
2005 2,400 6.532 >-
| 35
| Atatürk Dam
Atatürk Dam
The Atatürk Dam , originally the Karababa Dam, is a zoned rock-fill dam with a central core on the Euphrates River on the border of Adıyaman Province and Şanlıurfa Province in Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey...

 
1990 2,400 8.9 >-
| 36
| Jinanqiao Dam
Jinanqiao Dam
The Jinanqiao Dam or Jin'anqiao is a concrete gravity dam on the Jinsha River southeast of Lijiang City in Yunnan Province, China. The purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and flood control....

 
2011 2,400 >-
| 37
| Zhiguliovskaya (Samarskaya) 
1957 2,300 10.5 >-
| 38
| Iron Gates-I 
1970 2,192 13 >-
| 39
| Caruachi
Caruachi (Francisco de Miranda)
The Caruachi Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Caroní River in Bolivar state, Venezuela. The dam supports a hydroelectric power facility with a 2,160 MW capacity...

 
2006 2,160 12.95 >-
| 40
| John Day Dam
John Day Dam
The John Day Dam is a concrete gravity run-of-the-river dam spanning the Columbia River in the northwestern United States. The dam features a navigation lock plus fish ladders on both sides. The John Day Lock has the highest lift of any U.S. lock...

 
1949 2,160 >-
| 41
| La Grande-2-A
La Grande-2-A generating station
The La Grande-2-A is a hydroelectric power station on the La Grande River that is part of Hydro-Québec's James Bay Project. The station can generate 2,106 MW and was commissioned in 1991–1992. Together with the adjacent Robert-Bourassa generating station, it uses the reservoir and dam system...

 
1992 2,106 >-
| 42
| Aswan
Aswan Dam
The Aswan Dam is an embankment dam situated across the Nile River in Aswan, Egypt. Since the 1950s, the name commonly refers to the High Dam, which is larger and newer than the Aswan Low Dam, which was first completed in 1902...

 
1970 2,100 11 >-
| 43
| Bath County PSP
Bath County Pumped Storage Station
The Bath County Pumped Storage Station is a pumped storage hydroelectric power plant with a generation capacity of 2,772 megawatts . The station is located in the northern corner of Bath County, Virginia, on the southeast side of the Eastern Continental Divide, which forms this section of the...

 
1985 2,100 3.32 >-
| 44
| Itumbiara
Itumbiara Dam
The Itumbiara Dam is an embankment dam on the Paranaíba River near Itumbiara in Goiás, Brazil. The dam serves an associated hydroelectric power plant with a 2,082 MW installed capacity...

 
1980 2,082 >-
| 45
| Hoover Dam
Hoover Dam
Hoover Dam, once known as Boulder Dam, is a concrete arch-gravity dam in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River, on the border between the US states of Arizona and Nevada. It was constructed between 1931 and 1936 during the Great Depression and was dedicated on September 30, 1935, by President...

 
1936/1961 2,080 >-
| 46
| Cahora Bassa
Cahora Bassa
The Cahora Bassa lake is Africa's fourth-largest artificial lake, situated in the Tete Province in Mozambique. The name Cabora Bassa is an earlier misspelling of the name...

 
1975 2,075 >-
| 47
| Cleuson-Dixence Complex
Grande Dixence Dam
The Grande Dixence Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Dixence River at the head of the Val d'Hérens in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. At high, it is the tallest gravity dam in the world and is part of the Cleuson-Dixence Complex...

 
1965 2,069 4.51 >-
| 48
| The Dalles Dam 
1957 2,038 >-
| 49
| Bureya Dam
Bureya Dam
The Bureya Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Bureya River in the Russian Far East.-History:Bureya hydroelectric power station was built by Bureyagesstroy. Construction started in 1976, but was halted until 1999. In 1999, RAO UES restarted the project. The dam was completed and the first unit...

 
2009 2,010 >-
| 50
| Karun I Dam 
1976 2,000 >-
| 51
| Masjed Soleyman Dam
Masjed Soleyman Dam
The Masjed Soleyman Dam previously named "Godar-e Landar" is a dam in Iran on the Karun river. It is about high and generates 2,000 MW of power, and its reservoir holds of water. The dam is a rockfill structure with a clay core built for the Iran Water and Power Resources Development Co. The dam...

 
2001 2,000 >-
| 52
| Karun III Dam
Karun-3 dam
The Karun-3 dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Karun river in the province of Khuzestan, Iran. It was built to help meet Iran's energy demands as well as to provide flood control. The Karun has the highest discharge of Iran's rivers....

 
2007 2,000 4.1 >-
| 53
| Lijiaxia Dam
Lijiaxia Dam
The Lijiaxia Dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam on the Yellow River in Jainca County, Qinghai Province, China. The dam houses a hydroelectric power station with 5 x 400 MW generators for a total installed capacity of 2,000 MW. Construction began in April 1988 and the reservoir began to fill on...

 
2000 2,000

See also

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