Kuznetsov (aircraft engines)
Encyclopedia
The Kuznetsov Design Bureau (OKB-276) was a Soviet design bureau
for aircraft engine
s, administrated by Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov
. It was created for developing German WW2 jet engine technology headed by a group of deported Junkers engineers under Ferdinand Brandner
.
The Kuznetzov Bureau first became notable for producing the monstrous Kuznetsov NK-12
turboprop engine that powered the Tupolev Tu-95
bomber
beginning in 1952 as a development of the Junkers 0022 engine. The new engine generated about 15,000 horsepower
(11.2 megawatts), far more than any Western turboprop engine of its time, and it was also used in the large Antonov An-22
Soviet Air Force
transport.
Kuznetsov also produced the Kuznetsov NK-8
turbofan engine in the 20,000-pound-thrust (90 kilonewton-thrust) class that powered the Ilyushin Il-62
and Tupolev Tu-154
airliner
s. This engine was next upgraded to become the about 28,000-pound (125-kilonewton) Kuznetsov NK-86
engine that powered the Ilyushin Il-86
aircraft. This Bureau also produced the Kuznetsov NK-144
afterburning
turbofan engine. This engine powered the early models of the Tupolev Tu-144
SST
.
The Kuznetsov Design Bureau also produced the Kuznetsov NK-87
turbofan engine that was used on the Lun-class ekranoplan. (Only one such aircraft has ever been produced.)
Kuzznersov's most powerful engine is the Kuznetsov NK-321 that propels the Tupolev Tu-160
bomber and was formerly used in that later models of the Tu-144 supersonic transport
(an SST that is now obsolete and no longer flown). The NK-321 produced a maximum of about 55,000-pounds (245 kilonewtons) of thrust.
from the Kuznetzov Bureau for the Global Rocket 1
(GR-1) Fractional Orbital Bombardment System
(FOBS) intercontinental ballistic missile
(ICBM), which was developed but never deployed. The result was the NK-9, one of the first staged-combustion cycle rocket engine
s. The design was developed by Kuznetsov into the NK-15 and NK-33
engines in the 1960ies, and claimed them to be the highest-performance rocket engines ever built, which were to propel the N1 lunar rocket
-- one that was never successfully launched. As of 2011, the aging NK-33 remains the most efficient LOX/Kerosene rocket engine ever created.
OKB
OKB is a transliteration of the Russian acronym for "Опытное конструкторское бюро" - Opytnoe Konstructorskoe Byuro, meaning Experimental Design Bureau...
for aircraft engine
Aircraft engine
An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for an aircraft that generates mechanical power. Aircraft engines are almost always either lightweight piston engines or gas turbines...
s, administrated by Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov
Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov
Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov was a Chief Designer of the Soviet Design Bureau OKB-276 which deals with the development, manufacture and distribution of equipment, especially aircraft engines, turbines and gearboxes.-Biography:...
. It was created for developing German WW2 jet engine technology headed by a group of deported Junkers engineers under Ferdinand Brandner
Ferdinand Brandner
Dr. Ferdinand Brandner was an Austrian aerospace designer, an S.S. Standartenführer in Nazi Germany, and was responsible for the most powerful turboprop engine ever built, the Kuznetsov NK-12, while interned in the Soviet Union under Operation Ossawakim following World War II.-Life:Brandner was...
.
The Kuznetzov Bureau first became notable for producing the monstrous Kuznetsov NK-12
Kuznetsov NK-12
-See also:-External links:*...
turboprop engine that powered the Tupolev Tu-95
Tupolev Tu-95
The Tupolev Tu-95 is a large, four-engine turboprop-powered strategic bomber and missile platform. First flown in 1952, the Tu-95 entered service with the former Soviet Union in 1956 and is expected to serve the Russian Air Force until at least 2040...
bomber
Bomber
A bomber is a military aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets, by dropping bombs on them, or – in recent years – by launching cruise missiles at them.-Classifications of bombers:...
beginning in 1952 as a development of the Junkers 0022 engine. The new engine generated about 15,000 horsepower
Horsepower
Horsepower is the name of several units of measurement of power. The most common definitions equal between 735.5 and 750 watts.Horsepower was originally defined to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses in continuous operation. The unit was widely adopted to measure the...
(11.2 megawatts), far more than any Western turboprop engine of its time, and it was also used in the large Antonov An-22
Antonov An-22
The Antonov An-22 Antei was the world's heaviest aircraft, until the advent of the American C-5 Galaxy and later the Soviet An-124. Powered by four pairs of contra-rotating turboprops, the design remains the world's largest turboprop-powered aircraft...
Soviet Air Force
Soviet Air Force
The Soviet Air Force, officially known in Russian as Военно-воздушные силы or Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily and often abbreviated VVS was the official designation of one of the air forces of the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces...
transport.
Kuznetsov also produced the Kuznetsov NK-8
Kuznetsov NK-8
The NK-8 was a low-bypass turbofan engine built by the Kuznetsov Design Bureau, in the 20,000 lbf thrust class. It powered production models of the Ilyushin Il-62 and the Tupolev Tu-154A and B models.-External links: - NK-8...
turbofan engine in the 20,000-pound-thrust (90 kilonewton-thrust) class that powered the Ilyushin Il-62
Ilyushin Il-62
The Ilyushin Il-62 is a Soviet long-range jet airliner conceived in 1960 by Ilyushin. As successor to the popular turbo-prop Il-18 and with capacity for almost 200 passengers, the Il-62 was the largest jet airliner when it first flew in 1963. It entered Aeroflot service on 15 September 1967 with...
and Tupolev Tu-154
Tupolev Tu-154
The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engine medium-range narrow-body airliner designed in the mid 1960s and manufactured by Tupolev. As the mainstay 'workhorse' of Soviet and Russian airlines for several decades, it serviced over a sixth of the world's landmass and carried half of all passengers flown...
airliner
Airliner
An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft for transporting passengers and cargo. Such aircraft are operated by airlines. Although the definition of an airliner can vary from country to country, an airliner is typically defined as an aircraft intended for carrying multiple passengers in commercial...
s. This engine was next upgraded to become the about 28,000-pound (125-kilonewton) Kuznetsov NK-86
Kuznetsov NK-86
The Kuznetsov NK-86 is a low bypass turbofan engine used on the Ilyushin Il-86 rated at 28,000 lbf thrust. It is made by the Soviet Kuznetsov Design Bureau. It is the upgraded version of the Kuznetsov NK-8...
engine that powered the Ilyushin Il-86
Ilyushin Il-86
The Ilyushin Il-86 is a medium-range wide-body jet airliner. It was the USSR's first wide-body and the world's second four-engined wide-body...
aircraft. This Bureau also produced the Kuznetsov NK-144
Kuznetsov NK-144
The Kuznetsov NK-144 is an afterburning turbofan engine made by the Soviet Kuznetsov Design Bureau. Used on the early models of the Tupolev Tu-144 supersonic aircraft, it was very inefficient and was replaced with the Kolesov RD-36-51 turbojet engine....
afterburning
AfterBurner
The AfterBurner is a lighting solution for the Game Boy Advance system that was created by Triton-Labs.Originally, portablemonopoly.net was a website created to petition Nintendo to put some kind of light in their Game Boy Advance system...
turbofan engine. This engine powered the early models of the Tupolev Tu-144
Tupolev Tu-144
The Tupolev Tu-144 was a Soviet supersonic transport aircraft and remains one of only two SSTs to enter commercial service, the other being the Concorde...
SST
Supersonic transport
A supersonic transport is a civilian supersonic aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. The only SSTs to see regular service to date have been Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144. The last passenger flight of the Tu-144 was in June 1978 with its last ever...
.
The Kuznetsov Design Bureau also produced the Kuznetsov NK-87
Kuznetsov NK-87
The Kuznetsov NK-87 is a low bypass turbofan engine rated 127.4 kN thrust. It powers the Lun-class ekranoplan. It is made by the soviet Kuznetsov Design Bureau...
turbofan engine that was used on the Lun-class ekranoplan. (Only one such aircraft has ever been produced.)
Kuzznersov's most powerful engine is the Kuznetsov NK-321 that propels the Tupolev Tu-160
Tupolev Tu-160
The Tupolev Tu-160 is a supersonic, variable-sweep wing heavy strategic bomber designed by the Tupolev Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. Although several civil and military transport aircraft are larger in overall dimensions, the Tu-160 is currently the world's largest combat aircraft, largest...
bomber and was formerly used in that later models of the Tu-144 supersonic transport
Supersonic transport
A supersonic transport is a civilian supersonic aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. The only SSTs to see regular service to date have been Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144. The last passenger flight of the Tu-144 was in June 1978 with its last ever...
(an SST that is now obsolete and no longer flown). The NK-321 produced a maximum of about 55,000-pounds (245 kilonewtons) of thrust.
Kuznetsov rocket engines
In 1959, Sergey Korolev ordered a new design of rocket engineRocket engine
A rocket engine, or simply "rocket", is a jet engineRocket Propulsion Elements; 7th edition- chapter 1 that uses only propellant mass for forming its high speed propulsive jet. Rocket engines are reaction engines and obtain thrust in accordance with Newton's third law...
from the Kuznetzov Bureau for the Global Rocket 1
Global Rocket 1
The Global Rocket 1 was a Fractional Orbital Bombardment System intercontinental ballistic missile developed but not deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War...
(GR-1) Fractional Orbital Bombardment System
Fractional Orbital Bombardment System
The Fractional Orbital Bombardment System was a Soviet ICBM program in the 1960s that after launch would go into a low Earth orbit and would then de-orbit for an attack. It had no range limit and the orbital flight path would not reveal the target location...
(FOBS) intercontinental ballistic missile
Intercontinental ballistic missile
An intercontinental ballistic missile is a ballistic missile with a long range typically designed for nuclear weapons delivery...
(ICBM), which was developed but never deployed. The result was the NK-9, one of the first staged-combustion cycle rocket engine
Staged combustion cycle (rocket)
The staged combustion cycle, also called topping cycle or pre-burner cycle, is a thermodynamic cycle of bipropellant rocket engines. Some of the propellant is burned in a pre-burner and the resulting hot gas is used to power the engine's turbines and pumps...
s. The design was developed by Kuznetsov into the NK-15 and NK-33
NK-33
The NK-33 and NK-43 are rocket engines designed and built in the late 1960s and early 1970s by the Kuznetsov Design Bureau. They were intended for the ill-fated Soviet N-1 rocket moon shot. The NK-33 engine achieves the highest thrust-to-weight ratio of any Earth-launchable rocket engine, whilst...
engines in the 1960ies, and claimed them to be the highest-performance rocket engines ever built, which were to propel the N1 lunar rocket
N1 rocket
N-1 was a heavy lift rocket intended to deliver payloads beyond low Earth orbit, acting as the Soviet counterpart to the NASA Saturn V rocket. This heavy lift booster had the capability of lifting very heavy loads into orbit, designed with manned extra-orbital travel in mind...
-- one that was never successfully launched. As of 2011, the aging NK-33 remains the most efficient LOX/Kerosene rocket engine ever created.
External links
- http://motor-s.ru/motor_new/index.php