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Ketose
 
 
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A ketose is a sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
 containing one ketone
Ketone

In organic chemistry, a ketone is a type of organic compound which contains a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms in the form:Neither of the substituents R1 and R2 may be equal to hydrogen ....
 group per molecule
Molecule

In chemistry, a molecule is defined as a sufficiently stable, electric charge neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by very strong chemical bonds....
.

With 3 carbon
Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
 atoms, dihydroxyacetone
Dihydroxyacetone

Dihydroxyacetone is a simple carbohydrate that is primarily used as an ingredient in sunless tanning products. It is often derived from plant sources such as sugar beets and sugar cane, by the fermentation of glycerin....
 is the simplest of all ketoses and is the only one having no optical activity. Ketoses can isomerize
Isomer

In chemistry, isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. Isomers do not necessarily share similar properties unless they also have the same functional groups....
 into an aldose
Aldose

An aldose is a monosaccharide containing one aldehyde group per molecule and having a chemical formula of the form Cnn....
 when the carbonyl group is located at the end of the molecule. Such ketoses are reducing sugars.








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Encyclopedia


A ketose is a sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
 containing one ketone
Ketone

In organic chemistry, a ketone is a type of organic compound which contains a carbonyl group bonded to two other carbon atoms in the form:Neither of the substituents R1 and R2 may be equal to hydrogen ....
 group per molecule
Molecule

In chemistry, a molecule is defined as a sufficiently stable, electric charge neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by very strong chemical bonds....
.

With 3 carbon
Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
 atoms, dihydroxyacetone
Dihydroxyacetone

Dihydroxyacetone is a simple carbohydrate that is primarily used as an ingredient in sunless tanning products. It is often derived from plant sources such as sugar beets and sugar cane, by the fermentation of glycerin....
 is the simplest of all ketoses and is the only one having no optical activity. Ketoses can isomerize
Isomer

In chemistry, isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. Isomers do not necessarily share similar properties unless they also have the same functional groups....
 into an aldose
Aldose

An aldose is a monosaccharide containing one aldehyde group per molecule and having a chemical formula of the form Cnn....
 when the carbonyl group is located at the end of the molecule. Such ketoses are reducing sugars.

List of ketoses

All ketoses listed here are 2-ketones:
  • Triose
    Triose

    A triose is a monosaccharide containing three carbon atoms. There are only two trioses, an aldotriose and a ketotriose . Trioses are important in Cellular respiration....
    s: dihydroxyacetone
    Dihydroxyacetone

    Dihydroxyacetone is a simple carbohydrate that is primarily used as an ingredient in sunless tanning products. It is often derived from plant sources such as sugar beets and sugar cane, by the fermentation of glycerin....
  • Tetrose
    Tetrose

    A tetrose is a monosaccharide with 4 carbon atoms. They either have an aldehyde functional group in position 1 or a ketone functional group in position 2 ....
    s: erythrulose
    Erythrulose

    D-Erythrulose is a tetrose carbohydrate with the chemical formula Carbon4Hydrogen8Oxygen4. It has one ketone group and so is part of the ketose family....
  • Pentose
    Pentose

    A pentose is a monosaccharide with five carbon atoms.They either have an aldehyde functional group in position 1 , or a ketone functional group in position 2 ....
    s: ribulose
    Ribulose

    Ribulose is a ketopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has chemical formula 5105....
    , xylulose
    Xylulose

    Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the chemical formula 5105....
  • Hexose
    Hexose

    In organic chemistry, a hexose is a monosaccharide with six carbon atoms, having the chemical formula C6H12O6. Hexoses are classified by functional group, with aldohexoses having an aldehyde at position 1, and ketohexoses having a ketone at position 2....
    s: fructose
    Fructose

    Fructose is a simple Reducing sugar sugar found in many foods and is one of the three important dietary monosaccharides along with glucose and galactose....
    , psicose
    Psicose

    D-Psicose is an ultralow-energy monosaccharide sugar. It is a C-3 epimer of D-fructose, and is present in small quantities in agricultural products and commercially-prepared carbohydrate complexes....
    , sorbose
    Sorbose

    Sorbose is a ketose belonging to the group of sugars known as monosaccharides. The commercial production of vitamin C often begins with sorbose. L-Sorbose is the configuration of the naturally-occurring sugar....
    , tagatose
    Tagatose

    Tagatose is a functional sweetener. It is a naturally occurring monosaccharide, specifically a hexose. It is often found in dairy products, and is very similar in texture to sucrose and is 92% as sweet, but with only 38% of the calories....
  • Heptose
    Heptose

    A heptose is a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms.They either have an aldehyde functional group in position 1 , or a ketone functional group in position 2 ....
    s: sedoheptulose
    Sedoheptulose

    Sedoheptulose or D-altro-heptulose is a ketoheptose — a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms and a ketone functional group. It is one of the few heptoses found in nature....
  • Octoses: 3-manno-octulose


Qualitative reaction

General qualitative reaction for ketoses is Seliwanoff's test
Seliwanoff's test

Seliwanoff?s test is a chemical test which distinguishes between aldose and ketose sugars. Ketoses are distinguished from aldoses via their ketone/aldehyde functionality....
.

See also


  • Carbohydrate
    Carbohydrate

    Carbohydrates or saccharides are the most abundant of the four major classes of biomolecules. They fill numerous roles in living things, such as the storage and transport of energy and structural components ....
  • Monosaccharide
    Monosaccharide

    Monosaccharides are the most basic unit of carbohydrates. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystal solids....
  • Aldose
    Aldose

    An aldose is a monosaccharide containing one aldehyde group per molecule and having a chemical formula of the form Cnn....