Kelmendi
Encyclopedia
Kelmend, or Kelmendi mountains is a region and clan in the mountainous borderlands of Albania
Albania
Albania , officially known as the Republic of Albania , is a country in Southeastern Europe, in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea...
and Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
, of the wider Malësia
Malësia
Malësia or Malësia e Madhe, is a historical geographical region in northern Albania and eastern Montenegro. It consists of an area of land that stretches from the southeast of Podgorica to northern shores of Lake Scutari, and includes much of the Malësi e Madhe District of Albania...
-region . Part of the region lies within the Kelmend municipality
Kelmend
Kelmend is a municipality in the Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northwestern Albania. The municipality is part of the larger Kelmend region, and consists of eight major settlements, along with several other minor settlements.- Settlements :...
, and is composed of a Roman Catholic majority and Muslim
Islam in Albania
During the Ottoman rule, according to Ottoman data, the majority of Albanians were of Muslim affiliation . However, decades of state atheism which ended in 1991 brought a decline in religious practice in all traditions....
minority. The Kelmendi speak a subdialect of Gheg Albanian
Gheg Albanian
Gheg is one of the two major varieties of Albanian. The other one is Tosk, on which standard Albanian is based. The dividing line between these two varieties is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania....
as the other northern Albanian clans.
Families hailing from Kelmend can also be found in Plav
Plav
Plav Plav Plav (Montenegrin, (Albanian: Plav) is a town in north-eastern Montenegro. It has a population of 3,615 (2003 census).Plav is the centre of the municipality (population of 13,805),-Geography:...
,Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
and Rugova
Rugova
Rugova may refer to:* Ibrahim Rugova, a politician* Rugova Canyon, a canyon in Kosovo...
, Kosovo
Kosovo
Kosovo is a region in southeastern Europe. Part of the Ottoman Empire for more than five centuries, later the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija within Serbia...
where they are Muslim. The name is derived from Saint Clement, the patron saint of the region.
History
Johann Georg von HahnJohann Georg von Hahn
Johann Georg von Hahn was an Austrian diplomat, philologist and specialist in Albanian history, language and culture....
, one of the founders of Albanology
Albanology
Albanology is the science that studies Albanian language and culture.The father of Albanology is often considered to be the Austrian Norbert Jokl, while the Croat Milan Šufflay and the Hungarian Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás are also among its famous founders.Among modern important Albanologists...
placed the settlement of Kelmendi's first patriarch in Bestana, southern Kelmend. The foundations of the settlements, where the Kelmendi are found in modern times has been attributed to his seven sons.
The Kelmendi tribe is first mentioned in Latin documents of 1485 as Celmente. The Kelmendi recognized the Ottoman rule in 1497 and gained the status of derbend and became the guards of the roads leading to Plav
Plav
Plav Plav Plav (Montenegrin, (Albanian: Plav) is a town in north-eastern Montenegro. It has a population of 3,615 (2003 census).Plav is the centre of the municipality (population of 13,805),-Geography:...
and Shkodër
Shkodër
Shkodër , is a city located on Lake of Shkoder in northwestern Albania in the District of Shkodër, of which it is the capital. It is one of the oldest and most historic towns in Albania, as well as an important cultural and economic centre. Shkodër's estimated population is 90,000; if the...
-Gjakova route.
Marino Bizzi, the Archbishop of Bar
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bar
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bar is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Montenegro. It is centred in the city of Bar . It was erected as a diocese in the 9th century and elevated to an archdiocese in 1089...
mentions them in 1610 as "popoli quasi tutti latini, e di lingua Albanese e Dalmata" (almost all are Catholics, speaking Albanian and Dalmatian). Marino Bolizza reported in 1613 an incident that involved the Kelmendi-Ottoman conflict. An Ottoman commander Arslan Pasha raided the villages of the Kelmendi and started taking prisoners until an agreement was reached with the Kelmendi. According to the agreement the Kelmendi would surrender fifteen of their members as slaves and pay a tribute of 1000 ducats to the Ottomans, however, as Arslan Pasha waited for the payment of the tribute the Kelmendi ambushed part of his troops and killed about thirty cavalrymen. After this incident the Ottoman troops retreated to Herceg Novi
Herceg Novi
Herceg Novi is a coastal town in Montenegro located at the entrance to the Bay of Kotor and at the foot of Mount Orjen. It is the administrative center of the Herceg Novi Municipality with around 33,000 inhabitants...
(Castelnovo).
In 1614 along with the Kuçi
KUCI
KUCI is a college radio station broadcasting a Variety format. Licensed to Irvine, California, USA, the station serves the Orange County area...
, Piperi
Piperi clan
The Piperi tribe is a Highland clan of Montenegro. Their land is located in the northeast; between the Morača and Zeta rivers, reaching the northern suburbs of Montenegrin capital Podgorica.-History:...
and Bjelopavlici
Bjelopavlici
Bjelopavlići is a strip of fertile lowland in Montenegro. It stretches along the Zeta river, being wider in river's lower end, down to the confluence with Morača river near Podgorica...
(Palabardhi) they sent a letter to the Kings of Spain and France claiming that they were were independent from the Ottoman rule and did not pay tribute to the empire. In 1651, they aided the army of Ali-paša Čengić, which attacked Kotor
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
; the army raided and destroyed many monasteries in the region. In 1685, they helped the Sanjak Bey of Skadar, Sulejman Bushati, ancestor of Kara Mahmud Bushati
Kara Mahmud Bushati
Kara Mahmud Bushati was a noble of the Bushati family in Ottoman controlled Albania near the city of Shkodër. In the 1780s his rebellious character brought him into conflict with the Ottomans. This conflict is regarded in Albanian historiography as a bid to create an independent principality...
to defeat the Montenegrin forces
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
Prince-Bishopic of Montenegro was а theocratic state spanning Montenegrin state that existed from 1516 – 1851...
at the Battle on the Vrtijelica, in which Bajo Pivljanin died. Again, in 1692, they aided him capturing Cetinje
Cetinje
Cetinje , Цетиње / Cetinje , Italian: Cettigne, Greek: Κετίγνη, Ketígni) is a town and Old Royal Capital of Montenegro. It is also a historical and the secondary capital of Montenegro , with the official residence of the President of Montenegro...
after defeating the Montenegrins and their Venetian allies
Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy. It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century until 1797. It was formally known as the Most Serene Republic of Venice and is often referred to as La Serenissima, in...
. Giorgio Stampaneo, abbot of Mirdita reported in 1685 that the city of Peć
Pec
Peć or Pejë is a city and municipality in north-western Kosovo and Metohija - Serbia, and the administrative centre of the homonymous district. Governor of city is Ali Berisha....
paid an annual tribue of 3000 reali to the Kelmendi.
In 1689 the Kelmendi volunteered in the Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire
Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire
The Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire was the army of the Holy Roman Empire...
during the Kosovo campaign. Initially they were serving Sulejman Pasha, the mutasarrif
Mutasarrif
In the Ottoman Empire, a mutasarrıf was the governor of a district. This administrative unit sometimes independent and sometimes was part of a vilayet , administered by a wali, and contained nahiye , each administered by a kaymakam.-External links:*...
of Shkodër, but after negotiations with a Venetian
Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy. It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century until 1797. It was formally known as the Most Serene Republic of Venice and is often referred to as La Serenissima, in...
official they abandoned the Ottoman ranks.
A year later, c. 2500 people from Selcë
Selcë
Selcë is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
settled in Pešter
Pešter
thumb|right|[[Northern Lapwing]]Pešter or Pešterska visoravan is a karst plateau in southwestern Serbia, in the Raška region. It lies at the altitude of 900–1200 meters. The territory of the plateau is mostly located in the municipality of Sjenica, with parts belonging to Novi Pazar and Tutin...
, after the defeat and subsequent withdrawal of the Imperial army and their surrounding by the Ottoman army. Some of them returned to their home region after 1706. In the 18th century, the Hoti and Kelmendi assisted the Kuči
KUCI
KUCI is a college radio station broadcasting a Variety format. Licensed to Irvine, California, USA, the station serves the Orange County area...
and Vasojevići
Vasojevici
The Vasojevići tribe is the largest Serb clan in Montenegro. It occupies the area between Vjetarnih Lijeva Rijeka in the South and Bihor under Bijelo Polje in the North, Mateševo in the West to Plav in the East. The clan is one of seven "highland clans"...
in the battles against the Ottoman Turks, after that unsuccessful war, a part of the Klimenti fled their lands. After the defeat in 1737, under Archbishop Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta, a significant number of Serbs and Kelmendis retreated into the north, Habsburg territory. Around 1,600 of them settled in the villages of Nikinci
Nikinci
Nikinci is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Ruma municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 2,216 people .-History:...
and Hrtkovci
Hrtkovci
Hrtkovci is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Ruma municipality, in the Srem District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 3,428 people...
, where they later adopted a Croat identity. On May 26, 1913 130 leaders of Gruda
Grude
Grude is a town and municipality in western Bosnia and Herzegovina.- Geography :Grude is 49 kilometers from Mostar,19 kilometers from Imotski, and 100 km from Split....
, Hoti, Kelmendi, Kastrati
Kastrati
Kastrati is an Albanian surname. It is derived from the name of a tribe of the Malësi e Madhe District district in Northern Albania.People called Kastrati include*Bekim Kastrati , football player*Flamur Kastrati , football player...
and Shkreli sent a petition to Cecil Burney
Cecil Burney
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Cecil Burney, 1st Baronet GCB GCMG was a British Royal Navy admiral.-Early life and service before flag rank:...
in Shkodër against the incorporation of their territories into Montenegro.
Folklore
During Easter processions in Selcë and Vukël the kore, a child-eating demon, was burnt symbolically. In Christmas time almsAlms
Alms or almsgiving is a religious rite which, in general, involves giving materially to another as an act of religious virtue.It exists in a number of religions. In Philippine Regions, alms are given as charity to benefit the poor. In Buddhism, alms are given by lay people to monks and nuns to...
were placed upon ancestors' graves. As in other northern Albanian clans the Kanun (customary law) that is applied in Kelmend in that of the mountains . According to Franz Baron Nopcsa's researches the Kelmendi were the most numerous and notable of the northern Albanian clans.
Anthroponymy
The region consists of six primary villages: BogaBoga
Boga may refer to:* Boga , in the family Inermiidae* Boga , from the Philippines* Boga , a Varactyl from the Star Wars universe* Lake Boga, Victoria, a postal district...
, Nikç
Nikç
Nikç is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
, Selcë
Selcë
Selcë is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
, Tamarë
Tamarë
Tamarë is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
, Vermosh
Vermosh
Vërmosh is the northernmost village of Albania, a rural part of the Kelmend municipality, District of Malësi e Madhe.-Geography:...
and Vukël
Vukël
Vukël is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania.Vukel is one of the four original villages of Kelmend. Three of these villages, Seltsa, Niktsi, and Vukli are located in the Kelmend Commune. Boga is located in Shkreli Comune. ...
, all part of the Kelmend Municipality
Kelmend
Kelmend is a municipality in the Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northwestern Albania. The municipality is part of the larger Kelmend region, and consists of eight major settlements, along with several other minor settlements.- Settlements :...
. Their clan neighbours are the Kuči
KUCI
KUCI is a college radio station broadcasting a Variety format. Licensed to Irvine, California, USA, the station serves the Orange County area...
and Hoti
Hoti
Hoti in Pukhto pronounced as Oothay is a Union council in Mardan District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. The town is located 34°12'0N° 72°4'0E with an altitude of 284 metres and lies just west of Peshawar - the capital of the province and is inhabited by the Kamalzai Pashtuns, a sub-tribe of the...
, to the west, and the Vasojevići
Vasojevici
The Vasojevići tribe is the largest Serb clan in Montenegro. It occupies the area between Vjetarnih Lijeva Rijeka in the South and Bihor under Bijelo Polje in the North, Mateševo in the West to Plav in the East. The clan is one of seven "highland clans"...
to the north. The following lists are of families in the Kelmend region by village of origin (they may live in more than one village):
Vermosh
The following families come from the Vermosh
Vermosh
Vërmosh is the northernmost village of Albania, a rural part of the Kelmend municipality, District of Malësi e Madhe.-Geography:...
area:
- Tinaj
- Bujaj
- Bunjaj
- Cali
- Hasanaj
- Hysaj
- Lelçaj
- Lekutanaj
- Lumaj
- Macaj
- Mitaj
- Mrnacaj/Mernaçaj
- Naçaj
- Peraj
- Pllumaj
- Preljocaj (also Tinaj)
- Racaj
- Selmanaj
- Shqutaj
- Vukaj
- Vuktilaj
- Vushaj
Vukël
The following families come from Vukël
Vukël
Vukël is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania.Vukel is one of the four original villages of Kelmend. Three of these villages, Seltsa, Niktsi, and Vukli are located in the Kelmend Commune. Boga is located in Shkreli Comune. ...
:
- Nilaj
- Pepushaj
- Grishaj
- Bardhecaj
- Gjelaj
- Drejaj
- Aliaj
Tamarë
The following families come from Tamarë
Tamarë
Tamarë is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
:
- Bunjaj
- Bujaj
- Rukaj
- Mrnacaj/Mernaçaj
- Lelcaj
- Vukaj
- cekaj
Nikç
The following families come from Nikç
Nikç
Nikç is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
:
- Smajlaj
- Preldakaj
- Nikçi
- Rukaj
- Gildedaj
- Prekelezaj
- Hasaj
- Nikac
- Kapaj
- Ujkaj
- Alijaj
- Hutaj
Selcë
The following families come from Selcë
Selcë
Selcë is a settlement in the Kelmend municipality, Malësi e Madhe District, Shkodër County, northern Albania....
:
- Bujaj
- Tinaj
- Mrnacaj/Mernaçaj
- Vushaj
- Pllumaj
- Vukaj
- Rugova
Montenegro
Plav-Gusinje- Ahmetaj (VusanjeVusanjeVusanje is a small town in Montenegro, located southwest of the town of Plav. According to the 2003 census, the town has a population of 866. There is a notable waterfall in the area.-Demographics:Population of Vusanje:*1948 - 781*1953 - 859*1961 - 935...
. They descend from a certain Ahmet Nikaj, son of Nika Nrrelaj and grandson of Nrrel Balaj, and are originally from Vukël in northern Albania. - Bacaj (Bacić),
- Balaj (Baljić), in GrnčarGrnčarGrnčar is a village in the municipality of Babušnica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 159 people....
. Immigrated to Plav-Gusinje in 1698 from the village of Vukël (or Selcë?) in northern Albania and converted to Islam the same year. The clan's closest relatives are the Balidemajt/Balidemići. Legend has it that the Balaj, Balidemaj and Vukel clans descended from three brothers. However, a member of the Vukel clan married a member of the Balić clan, later resulting in severed relations with the Vukel clan. - Balidemaj (Baljidemaj/Balidemić), in Martinovići. This branch of the clan remained Catholic for three generations, until Martin's great-grandson converted to Islam, taking the name Omer. Since then, the family was known as Omeraj/Omerović. Until recently was the family's name changed to Balidemaj. The clan's closest relatives are the Balajt/Balići. Legend has it that the Balaj, Balidemaj and Vukel clans descended from three brothers.
- Bruçaj (Bručaj/Bručević), they are descendants of a Catholic Albanian named Bruç Nrrelaj, son of Nrrel Balaj, and are originally from Vukël in northern Albania.
- Cakaj (Cakić)
- Canaj (Canović), in the villages of Bogajići, VišnjevoVišnjevoVišnjevo is a small village in the Herzegovina region of Bosnia & Herzegovina located near the town of Gacko. For centuries, it has been the birthplace of the Višnjevac family. The Višnjevac family website can be found at ....
and Đurička Rijeka. Immigrated to Plav-Gusinje in 1698 from the village of Vukël in northern Albania and converted to Islam the same year. - Çelaj (Čeljić), in the villages of Vusanje and Vojno Selo. Claims descendance from Nrrel Balaj. The Nikça/Nikča family are part of the Çelaj.
- Dedushaj (Dedušaj/Dedušević), in Vusanje. They are descendants of a Catholic Albanian named Ded (Dedush) Balaj, son of Nrrel Balaj, and are originally from Vukel in northern Albania.
- Hakaj (Hakanjin), in Hakanje.
- Hasilović, in Bogajići.
- Gorçaj (Gorčić),
- Gjonbalaj (Đonbaljaj/Đonbalić), in Vusanje, with relatives in Vojno Selo. Their ancestor, a Catholic Albanian named Gjon Balaj, immigrated with his sons: Bala, Aslan, Tuça and Hasan; along with his brother, Nrrel, and his children: Nika, Ded (Dedush), Stanisha, Bruç and Vuk from the village of Vukël in northern Albania to the village of Vusanje/Vuthaj in the late-17th century. Upon arriving, Gjon and his descendants settled in the village Vusanje/Vuthaj and converted to Islam and were known as the Gjonbalaj. Relatives include Ahmetajt/Ahmetovići, Bruçajt/Bručevići, Çelajt/Čelići, Goçaj/Gočević, Lekajt/Lekovići, Selimajt/Selimovići, Qosajt/Ćosovići, Ulajt/Uljevići, Vuçetajt/Vučetovići.
- Kukaj (Kuković), in Vusanje
- Lecaj (Ljecaj), in Martinovići. They are originally from Vukël in northern Albania.
- Lekaj (Leković), in Gornja Ržanica and Vojno Selo. They are originally from Vukël in northern Albania. They are descendants of a certain Lekë Pretashi Nikaj.
- Martini (Martinović), in Martinovići. The eponymous founder, a Catholic Albanian named Martin, immigrated to the village of Trepča in the late 17th century from Selcë.
- Hasangjekaj (Hasanđekaj/Hasanđekić), in Martinovići. They descend from a Hasan Gjekaj from Vukël, a Muslim of the Martini clan.
- Prelvukaj (Preljvukaj/Preljvukić), in Martinovići. They descend from a Prelë Vuka from Vukël, of the Martini clan.
- Musaj (Musić), Immigrated to Plav-Gusinje in 1698 from village Vukël in northern Albania and converted to Islam the same year.
- Novaj (Novović)
- Pepaj (Pepić), in Pepići
- Rekaj (Reković), in Bogajići, immigrated to Plav-Gusinje circa 1858.
- Rugova, in Višnjevo with relatives in Vojno Selo and Babino Polje. They descend from a Kelmend clan of Rugova in Kosovo.
- Qosaj/Qosja (Ćosaj/Ćosović), in Vusanje. They are descendants of a certain Qosa Stanishaj, son of Stanisha Nrrelaj and are originally from Vukël in northern Albania.
- Selimaj (Seljimaj/Seljimović),
- Smajić, in Novšići.
- Ulaj (Uljaj/Uljević), in Vusanje. They are originally from Vukël in northern Albania. They are descendants of a certain Ulë Nikaj, son of Nika Nrrelaj. Possibly moved to the Koja e kucit area.
- Vukel (Vukelj), in Dolja. They immigrated to Gusinje in 1675 from the village of Vukël in northern Albania. A certain bey from the Šabanagić clan gave the clan the village of Doli.
- Vuçetaj (Vučetaj/Vučetović), in Vusanje. They are originally from Vukël in northern Albania. They are descendants of a certain Vuçetë Nikaj, son of Nika Nrrelaj.
Notable People
- Prek Cali Hasanaj (fl. 1911-1930), VërmoshVermoshVërmosh is the northernmost village of Albania, a rural part of the Kelmend municipality, District of Malësi e Madhe.-Geography:...
-born guerilla fighter, that fought in the Battle of DeçiqBattle of DeçiqThe Battle of Deçiq marked the beginning of the turning point for Albanian liberty. It was in this battle that the Flag of Albania was raised for the first time after 442 years of Ottoman occupation...
against the Ottoman EmpireOttoman EmpireThe Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, and later against the Kingdom of SerbiaKingdom of SerbiaThe Kingdom of Serbia was created when Prince Milan Obrenović, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was crowned King in 1882. The Principality of Serbia was ruled by the Karađorđevic dynasty from 1817 onwards . The Principality, suzerain to the Porte, had expelled all Ottoman troops by 1867, de...
and the communist forces under Enver HoxhaEnver HoxhaEnver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
. Hoxha had him lured and killed him on Palm SundayPalm SundayPalm Sunday is a Christian moveable feast that falls on the Sunday before Easter. The feast commemorates Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem, an event mentioned in all four Canonical Gospels. ....
. - Nora of KelmendiNora of KelmendiNora of Kelmendi , is also referred to as the "Helen of Albania" as her beauty also sparked a great war. She is also called the Albanian Brünhilde too, for she herself was the greatest woman warrior in the history of Albania...
, a notable female guerilla fighter that assassinated the Bosnian Pasha of Shkodër, Vutsi Pasha, in 1620. The figure is half historical and half legendary. Nora is one of the heroines that has largely contributed to the legacy of the Albanian highlanders. - Ali Kelmendi, KachakKachakA Kachak is an originally Turkish term for rebel or bandit. In Albania the term is used to define guerrilla units established by Albanian revolutionaries who fought in Albanian inhabited areas against foreign rule during the period of the Albanian National Awakening and the early 20th century in...
in Rugovo (fl. 1919) - Bajram Kelmendi, founder of the Council for Human Rights and Freedoms
- Migjen Kelmendi, writer and musician
- Nekibe Kelmendi, head of the Department of Justice of Kosovo
- Aziz KelmendiAziz KelmendiAziz Kelmendi was a Faculty of Law regular student at the University of Priština. An ethnic Albanian, he had been serving as a Yugoslav People's Army soldier...
, shot dead four people and wounded five in the Paraćin massacreParacin massacreThe Paraćin massacre was the murder of 4 people and injury of 5, in the military barracks in Paraćin, Yugoslavia on September 3, 1987 by Aziz Kelmendi, a 19-year old Kosovo Albanian, who was a conscript in the Yugoslav People's Army. Kelmendi shot an AK-47 in two sleeping rooms, then fled and...
(1987)