Henri Bouchard
Encyclopedia
Henri Bouchard was a French sculptor.
The son of a carpenter, Bouchard was born in Dijon
. He was educated at the Académie Julian
and in the studio of Louis-Ernest Barrias
before entering the Ecole des Beaux-Arts
in Paris. He took the Prix de Rome
in 1901. His attention turned away from models from antiquity, and towards peasants, everyday life, and ordinary workers. Bouchard himself became a professor at the Académie Julian in 1910.
In November 1941 Bouchard was one of a number of French painters and sculptors who accepted an official invitation from Joseph Goebbels
for a grand tour of Nazi Germany. Others who accepted the invitation were Charles Despiau
, Paul Landowski
, André Dunoyer de Segonzac, and Fauve artists Kees van Dongen
, Maurice de Vlaminck
, and André Derain
. On his return Bouchard had kind words about the status accorded artists in Nazi Germany. Upon Liberation, in 1944, Bouchard was suspended from his professorship, branded a collaborator and ostracized by many former supporters. He died in Paris
.
The Musée Bouchard
in Paris was opened in 1962 and closed in 2007, at the sculptor's former studio at 25 rue de l'Yvette. Its collections, including a large figure of Apollo displayed at the Palais de Chaillot, plus over a thousand other works such as bronze casts, stone sculptures, and original plaster works, have been transferred to the Musée de La Piscine in Roubaix
. According to the museum's web site, a reconstruction of the studio will open in 2010.
The son of a carpenter, Bouchard was born in Dijon
Dijon
Dijon is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or département and of the Burgundy region.Dijon is the historical capital of the region of Burgundy. Population : 151,576 within the city limits; 250,516 for the greater Dijon area....
. He was educated at the Académie Julian
Académie Julian
The Académie Julian was an art school in Paris, France.Rodolphe Julian established the Académie Julian in 1868 at the Passage des Panoramas, as a private studio school for art students. The Académie Julian not only prepared students to the exams at the prestigious École des Beaux-Arts, but offered...
and in the studio of Louis-Ernest Barrias
Louis-Ernest Barrias
Louis-Ernest Barrias was a French sculptor of the Beaux-Arts school.He was born in Paris into a family of artists. His father was a porcelain-painter, and his older brother Félix-Joseph Barrias a well-known painter...
before entering the Ecole des Beaux-Arts
École des Beaux-Arts
École des Beaux-Arts refers to a number of influential art schools in France. The most famous is the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, now located on the left bank in Paris, across the Seine from the Louvre, in the 6th arrondissement. The school has a history spanning more than 350 years,...
in Paris. He took the Prix de Rome
Prix de Rome
The Prix de Rome was a scholarship for arts students, principally of painting, sculpture, and architecture. It was created, initially for painters and sculptors, in 1663 in France during the reign of Louis XIV. It was an annual bursary for promising artists having proved their talents by...
in 1901. His attention turned away from models from antiquity, and towards peasants, everyday life, and ordinary workers. Bouchard himself became a professor at the Académie Julian in 1910.
In November 1941 Bouchard was one of a number of French painters and sculptors who accepted an official invitation from Joseph Goebbels
Joseph Goebbels
Paul Joseph Goebbels was a German politician and Reich Minister of Propaganda in Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. As one of Adolf Hitler's closest associates and most devout followers, he was known for his zealous oratory and anti-Semitism...
for a grand tour of Nazi Germany. Others who accepted the invitation were Charles Despiau
Charles Despiau
Charles Despiau was a French sculptor.Despiau was born at Mont-de-Marsan, Landes and attended first the Ecole des Arts Décoratifs and later the Ecole des Beaux Arts...
, Paul Landowski
Paul Landowski
Paul Maximilien Landowski , a French monument sculptor of Polish ancestry. He was born in Paris to Polish refugees of the January Uprising, and died in Boulogne-Billancourt....
, André Dunoyer de Segonzac, and Fauve artists Kees van Dongen
Kees van Dongen
Cornelis Theodorus Maria van Dongen , usually known as Kees van Dongen or just Van Dongen, was a Dutch painter and one of the Fauves. He gained a reputation for his sensuous, at times garish, portraits....
, Maurice de Vlaminck
Maurice de Vlaminck
Maurice de Vlaminck was a French painter. Along with André Derain and Henri Matisse he is considered one of the principal figures in the Fauve movement, a group of modern artists who from 1904 to 1908 were united in their use of intense color.-Life:Maurice de Vlaminck was born in Paris to a family...
, and André Derain
André Derain
André Derain was a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse.-Early years:...
. On his return Bouchard had kind words about the status accorded artists in Nazi Germany. Upon Liberation, in 1944, Bouchard was suspended from his professorship, branded a collaborator and ostracized by many former supporters. He died in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
The Musée Bouchard
Musée Bouchard
The Musée Bouchard was a studio museum dedicated to sculptor Henri Bouchard , and located at 25, rue de l'Yvette, Paris, France.The museum was established in Bouchard's studio after his death in 1960, and open to the public 1962-2007...
in Paris was opened in 1962 and closed in 2007, at the sculptor's former studio at 25 rue de l'Yvette. Its collections, including a large figure of Apollo displayed at the Palais de Chaillot, plus over a thousand other works such as bronze casts, stone sculptures, and original plaster works, have been transferred to the Musée de La Piscine in Roubaix
Roubaix
Roubaix is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is located between the cities of Lille and Tourcoing.The Gare de Roubaix railway station offers connections to Lille, Tourcoing, Antwerp, Ostend and Paris.-Culture:...
. According to the museum's web site, a reconstruction of the studio will open in 2010.
Work
- symbols of the four evangelists, for the campanile of Basilique du Sacré-Cœur, Paris, 1911
- figure of the medieval sculptor Claus SluterClaus SluterClaus Sluter was a sculptor of Dutch origin. He was the most important northern European sculptor of his age and is considered a pioneer of the "northern realism" of the Early Netherlandish painting that came into full flower with the work of Jan van Eyck and others in the next generation.Sluter...
, 1911 - statues for the Reformation WallReformation WallThe International Monument to the Reformation , usually known as the Reformation Wall, is a monument in Geneva, Switzerland...
in GenevaGenevaGeneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
, executed with fellow French sculptor Paul LandowskiPaul LandowskiPaul Maximilien Landowski , a French monument sculptor of Polish ancestry. He was born in Paris to Polish refugees of the January Uprising, and died in Boulogne-Billancourt....
, circa 1912 - monument to the children of Saint-Quentin (Aisne) in collaboration with the architect Paul BigotPaul BigotPaul Bigot was a French architect.Bigot was born in Orbec in 1870. He studied architecture at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, in the atelier of Louis-Jules André. He won the Grand Prix de Rome in 1900, which enabled him to study in Rome at the Villa Medici...
and sculptor Paul Landowski, 1927 - Christ on the Cross on the facade of the church of Saint-Martin, ChaunyChaunyChauny is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France.-Geography:Built on the banks of the Oise and the Saint-Quentin canal, the town still retains its port to this day...
, France, circa 1930 - the tympanum of the church Saint Pierre de Chaillot in Paris, 1933-1935
- bronze Apollo for the Jardins du TrocadéroJardins du TrocadéroJardins du Trocadéro is an open space in Paris, located in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, bounded to the northwest by the wings of the Palais de Chaillot and to the southeast by the Seine and the Pont d'Iéna....
below the Palais de Chaillot, Paris, 1937 - the tombs of Albert BartholoméAlbert BartholoméPaul-Albert Bartholomé , was a French painter and sculptor and is inhumed in the 4th division of the Père Lachaise Cemetery.-Sculptures:...
, Gabriel PiernéGabriel PiernéHenri Constant Gabriel Pierné was a French composer, conductor, and organist.-Biography:Gabriel Pierné was born in Metz in 1863. His family moved to Paris to escape the Franco-Prussian War. He studied at the Paris Conservatoire, gaining first prizes for solfège, piano, organ, counterpoint and fugue...
and Général Grossetti, all in Pere Lachaise cemetery - Inventor of the Bush hammerBush hammerA bush hammer is a masonry tool used to texturize stone and concrete. Bush hammers exist in many forms, from simple hand-held hammers to large electric machines, but the basic functional property of the tool is always the same - a grid of conical or pyramidal points at the end of a large metal slug...
.
Sources
Musée Bouchard (Bouchard Museum) Association des Amis d'Henri Bouchard (Henri Bouchard friends non-profit corporation)- Modernity and Nostalgia: Art and Politics in France Between the Wars, Romy Golan, 1995