Henri, Prince of Orléans
Encyclopedia
Prince Henri of Orléans (16 October 1867 – 9 August 1901) was the eldest son surviving to adulthood of Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres and Princess Françoise of Orléans
.
.
In 1889, at the instance of his father, who paid the expenses of the tour, he undertook, in company with Gabriel Bonvalot
and Constant de Deken, a journey through Siberia
to Siam. In the course of their travels they crossed the mountain range of Tibet
and the fruits of their observations, submitted to the Geographical Society of Paris
(and later incorporated in De Paris au Tonkin a travers le Tibet inconnu, published in 1892), brought them conjointly the gold medal of that society.
In 1892 the prince made a short journey of exploration in East Africa
, and shortly afterwards visited Madagascar
, proceeding thence to Tongking. From this point he set out for Assam
, and was successful in discovering the Irrawaddy River
, a brilliant geographical achievement which secured the medal of the Geographical Society of Paris and the Cross of the Legion of Honour
. In 1897 he revisited Abyssinia, and political differences arising from this trip led to a duel with Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin
.
While on a trip to Assam in 1901, he died at Saigon on the 9th of August. Prince Henri was a somewhat violent Anglophobe, and his diatribes against Great Britain
contrasted rather curiously with the cordial reception which his position as a traveller obtained for him in London
, where he was given the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society
.
, the Italian soldiers being held captive in Ethiopia
during the first First Italo–Ethiopian War as cowards. The dispute was widely echoed in Italy and Europe. It was agreed on the use of the sword as weapon of choice, as the Italians thought that the duel with pistols, favorite by the French, was worthy of betrayed husbands, not of princes of royal blood.
The duel with swords, directed by the Count Leontieff and the Count Avogadro, lasting 26 minutes took place at 5:00 am on 15 August 1897 in the Bois de Marechaux at Vaucresson
, France. Vittorio Emanuele defeated Prince Henri after 5 reprises The "Monseigneur" Henri received a serious wound to his right abdomen, and the doctors of both parties considered the injury serious enough to put him in a state of obvious inferiority, causing the end of the duel and making the Count of Turin famous in Europe.
Princess Françoise of Orléans (1844–1925)
Françoise of Orléans was a member of the House of Orléans and by marriage Duchess of Chartres.-Princess of Orléans:...
.
Biography
Henri was born at Ham, LondonHam, London
Ham is a district in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames on the River Thames.- Location :Its name derives from the Old English word Hamme meaning place in the bend in the river. Together with Petersham, Ham lies to the east of the bend in the river south of Richmond and north of Kingston...
.
In 1889, at the instance of his father, who paid the expenses of the tour, he undertook, in company with Gabriel Bonvalot
Gabriel Bonvalot
Pierre Gabriel Édouard Bonvalot was a French explorer of Central Asia and Tibet. Bonvalot was born in the commune of Épagne in the Aube department in north-central France. He was the son of Pierre Bonvalot and Louise-Félicie Congniasse des Jardins...
and Constant de Deken, a journey through Siberia
Siberia
Siberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...
to Siam. In the course of their travels they crossed the mountain range of Tibet
Tibet
Tibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...
and the fruits of their observations, submitted to the Geographical Society of Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
(and later incorporated in De Paris au Tonkin a travers le Tibet inconnu, published in 1892), brought them conjointly the gold medal of that society.
In 1892 the prince made a short journey of exploration in East Africa
East Africa
East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the UN scheme of geographic regions, 19 territories constitute Eastern Africa:...
, and shortly afterwards visited Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
, proceeding thence to Tongking. From this point he set out for Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
, and was successful in discovering the Irrawaddy River
Ayeyarwady River
The Irrawaddy River or Ayeyarwady River is a river that flows from north to south through Burma . It is the country's largest river and most important commercial waterway. Originating from the confluence of the N'mai and Mali rivers, it flows relatively straight North-South before emptying through...
, a brilliant geographical achievement which secured the medal of the Geographical Society of Paris and the Cross of the Legion of Honour
Légion d'honneur
The Legion of Honour, or in full the National Order of the Legion of Honour is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the Consulat which succeeded to the First Republic, on 19 May 1802...
. In 1897 he revisited Abyssinia, and political differences arising from this trip led to a duel with Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin
Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin
Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy-Aosta, Infante of Spain, Count of Turin was a grandchild of King Victor Emmanuel II and a member of the House of Savoy...
.
While on a trip to Assam in 1901, he died at Saigon on the 9th of August. Prince Henri was a somewhat violent Anglophobe, and his diatribes against Great Britain
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
contrasted rather curiously with the cordial reception which his position as a traveller obtained for him in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
, where he was given the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society
Royal Geographical Society
The Royal Geographical Society is a British learned society founded in 1830 for the advancement of geographical sciences...
.
The duel
In 1897 Vittorio Emanuele challenged Prince Henri to a duel after Henri described in several articles on Le FigaroLe Figaro
Le Figaro is a French daily newspaper founded in 1826 and published in Paris. It is one of three French newspapers of record, with Le Monde and Libération, and is the oldest newspaper in France. It is also the second-largest national newspaper in France after Le Parisien and before Le Monde, but...
, the Italian soldiers being held captive in Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
during the first First Italo–Ethiopian War as cowards. The dispute was widely echoed in Italy and Europe. It was agreed on the use of the sword as weapon of choice, as the Italians thought that the duel with pistols, favorite by the French, was worthy of betrayed husbands, not of princes of royal blood.
The duel with swords, directed by the Count Leontieff and the Count Avogadro, lasting 26 minutes took place at 5:00 am on 15 August 1897 in the Bois de Marechaux at Vaucresson
Vaucresson
Vaucresson is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is in the Hauts-de-Seine department from the center of Paris.The people who live in the commune are called Vaucressonais. Vaucresson contains abundant parkland; 22 of its 308 hectares are classed as natural zones...
, France. Vittorio Emanuele defeated Prince Henri after 5 reprises The "Monseigneur" Henri received a serious wound to his right abdomen, and the doctors of both parties considered the injury serious enough to put him in a state of obvious inferiority, causing the end of the duel and making the Count of Turin famous in Europe.