Eannatum

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Eannatum

Eannatum was a Sumer

Sumer

Sumer was a civilization and a historical region located in Southern Iraq , known as the Cradle of civilization. It lasted from the first settlement of Eridu in the Ubaid period through the Uruk period and the Dynastic periods until the rise of Babylon in the early 2nd millennium BC....
ian king of Lagash

Lagash

Lagash is located northwest of the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and east of Uruk, Lagash was one of the oldest cities of Sumer and later Babylonia....
who established one of the first verifiable empires in history.

atum, grandson of Ur-Nanshe

Ur-Nanshe

Ur-Nanshe was the first king of the dynasty of Lagash, probably in the first half of the 24th century BC .He ascended after Lugal-Sha-Gen-Sur , who was the patesi, or high priest....
, was a king of Lagash who conquered all of Sumer, including Ur

Ur is modern Tell el-Mukayyar, Iraq, and was a city in ancient Sumer. Once a coastal city near the mouth of the then Euphrates river on the Persian Gulf, Ur is now well inland....
, Nippur

Nippur

Nippur , from the Sumerian for 'lord wind' , is modern Nuffar in Afak Al Qadisyah Governorate, Iraq. Nippur was one of the most ancient of all the Sumerian cities....
, Akshak, Larsa

Larsa

Larsa , was an important city of ancient Sumer. It lies some 25 km southeast of the ruin mounds of Uruk , near the east bank of the Shatt-en-Nil canal ....
, and Uruk

Uruk

Uruk , from the Akkadian rendering of the Sumerian toponym 'unug', is modern Warka , Iraq. Uruk was an ancient city of Sumer and later Babylonia, situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the ancient Nil canal, some 30 km east of As-Samawah, Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq....
, which was controlled by Enshakushanna

Enshakushanna

Enshakushanna was a king of Uruk sometime in the later 3rd millennium BC who is named on the Sumerian king list, which states his reign to have been 60 years....
, a king on the King List

Sumerian king list

The Sumerian King List is an ancient text in the Sumerian language that lists monarch of Sumer from Sumerian and foreign dynasties. It records the location of "official" kingship, along with the rulers and the lengths of their rule....
.

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Encyclopedia

Eannatum was a Sumer

Sumer

Lagash

Conquest of Sumer

Eannatum, grandson of Ur-Nanshe

Ur-Nanshe

Ur is modern Tell el-Mukayyar, Iraq, and was a city in ancient Sumer. Once a coastal city near the mouth of the then Euphrates river on the Persian Gulf, Ur is now well inland....
, Nippur

Nippur

Nippur , from the Sumerian for 'lord wind' , is modern Nuffar in Afak Al Qadisyah Governorate, Iraq. Nippur was one of the most ancient of all the Sumerian cities....
, Akshak, Larsa

Larsa

Larsa , was an important city of ancient Sumer. It lies some 25 km southeast of the ruin mounds of Uruk , near the east bank of the Shatt-en-Nil canal ....
, and Uruk

Uruk

Enshakushanna

Enshakushanna was a king of Uruk sometime in the later 3rd millennium BC who is named on the Sumerian king list, which states his reign to have been 60 years....
, a king on the King List

Sumerian king list

Kish (Sumer)

Kish is modern Tell al-Uhaymir, Babil Governorate, Iraq), and was an ancient city of Sumer. Kish is located some 12 km east of Babylon, and 80 km south of Baghdad....
, which regained its independence after his death. He made Umma

Umma

Umma was an ancient city in Sumer....
a tributary, where every person had to pay a certain amount of grain into the treasury of the goddess Nina and the god Ingurisa.

Conquest outside Sumer

Eannatum expanded his influence beyond the boundaries of Sumer. He conquered parts of Elam

Elam

Elam was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran.Elam was centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province , as far as Jiroft in Kerman province and Burned City in Zabol, as well as a small part of southern Iraq....
, including the city Az on the Persian Gulf

Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes Persian Gulf naming dispute referred to as the Arabian Gulf by certain Arab countries or simply The Gulf, although nei...
, and demanded tribute as far as Mari

Mari, Syria

Mari was an ancient Sumerian and Amorite city, located 11 kilometers north-west of the modern town of Abu Kamal on the western bank of Euphrates river, some 120 km southeast of Deir ez-Zor, Syria....
. However, often parts of his empire were revolting. During Eannatum’s reign many temples and palaces were built, especially in Lagash. The city of Nina, probably a precursor of Niniveh, was rebuilt, with many canals and reservoirs being excavated.

Stele of the Vultures

The so-called "Stele of the Vultures", now in the Louvre

Louvre

The Louvre Museum , located in Paris, is a historic monument, and a national museum of France. It is a central landmark, located on the Rive Droite of the Seine in the 1st arrondissement of Paris ....
, is a fragmented limestone stele

Stele

A stele is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerals or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased or living ? inscribed, carved in relief , or painted onto the slab....
found in Ngirsu

Ngirsu

Ngirsu is modern Tell Telloh, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq, and it was a city of ancient Sumer, situated some northwest of Lagash. Because of the initial nasal velar , the transcription of Girsu is usually spelled as Ngirsu to avoid confusion....
, (modern Telloh) Iraq

Iraq

Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros Mountains, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, in 1881. The full stele is approximately 5 feet, 11 inches (1.8 m) high and was set up ca. 2,600–2,500 BCE.

It was erected as a monument of the victory of Eannatum of Lagash over Enakalle of Umma

Umma

Umma was an ancient city in Sumer....
. On it various incidents in the war are represented. In one register, the king stands in his chariot with a curved weapon in his right hand, formed of three bars of metal bound together by rings, while his kilted followers, with helmets on their heads and lances in their hands, march behind him. In another register a figure, presumed to be that of the king, rides on his chariot in the thick of the battle. On the other side of the stele is an image of Ninurta

Ninurta

Ninurta in Sumerian mythology and Akkadian mythology was the god of Nippur, identified with Ningirsu with whom he may always have been identical....
, a god of war, holding the captive Ummaites in a large net. This implies that Eannatum attributed his victory to Ninurta, and thus that he was in the god's protection (though some accounts say that he attributed his victory to Enlil

Enlil

Enlil , was the name of a chief deity listed and written about in ancient Sumerian, Akkadian, Hittite, Canaanite and other Mesopotamian clay and stone tablets....
, the patron deity of Lagash).