Dumka
Encyclopedia
Dumka, headquarters of Dumka district
Dumka District
Dumka district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state in eastern India, and Dumka is the administrative headquarters of this district. This district covers an area of 3716.02 km². This district has a population of 1,106,521 ....

, is a city and municipality in the state of Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...

, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

. It was made the headquarters of the Santhal Pargana region which was carved out of Bhagalpur and Suri districts after The Great Santal Hul 1855. Presently, it is the commissionary headquarter of Santal Pargana division which has 6 districts. It was bestowed the status of sub-capital of Jharkhand state.

Origin of name

There are two theories as to how Dumka got its present name. The first one being that Dumka got its name from the santali word Dumk which mean "shunted" or "small". Back during the British Raj it was a small town compared to suri and bhagalpur and hencce the name.

The other theory is that Dumka derives its name from a Persian
Persian language
Persian is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and countries which historically came under Persian influence...

 word damin-i-koh
Damin-i-koh
Damin-i-koh was the name given to the forested hilly areas of Rajmahal Hills broadly in the area of present Sahebganj, Pakur and Godda districts in the Indian state of Jharkhand.-History:...

, which means 'skirts (an edge, border or extreme part) of the hills'. The Mughals assigned this name to this and nearby areas on account of presence of hillocks and undulating terrain
Terrain
Terrain, or land relief, is the vertical and horizontal dimension of land surface. When relief is described underwater, the term bathymetry is used...

.

List Of NGOs

Action For Social Reform
Behind I.T.I.,Santinagar,Dumka
www.facebook.com/actionforsocialreform
Action for Social Reform is a collective initiative of Trained Professional Social Workers in India whose mission is to promote Peace and seek justice for those who can’t speak for themselves.Action for Social Reform is registered as a Public Charitable Trust in 2010.

Transparency, result oriented intervention, participatory approach; Professionalism & sensitivity to the people’s issues have been the driving Philosophy that Action for Social Reform has adopted in its mission of fostering Peace

Core Values
a) We are Peacemakers
b) We are committed to poor
c) We are stewards
Services of Action for Social Reform
The services of Action for Social Reform are focused on the theme “Helping People to help themselves”. The services include
a) Promote Gandhian Philosophy at Universities, Colleges, Organizations of repute at National and regional level
b) Promote Professional Social Work & Peace Building Initiatives
c) Conduct Action Research Projects
d) Promote Social Action through Women lead community based organizations
e) Promote Social Work Entrepreneurship
f) Life skill training to adolescents
g) Soft skill /Stress management training to organizations
h) Pre Marital Counseling, Career Counseling to adults and adolescents
i) Provide TOT Training on Community Based Nutrition Program, Disability Management, PRA/PLA etc
j) Provide consultancy services to organization on child sponsorship, HIV AIDS, Nutrition and disability management

Contact
www.facebook.com/actionforsocialreform

Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church
(N.E.L.C.
Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church
Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church is a multi-lingual Lutheran Christian church that is centred mainly in three states of North India - Bihar, Assam and Bengal. The reach of the Church extends into Nepal and the NELC also works in Bhutan....

)
  • New Human Welfare

www.newhumanwelfare.org, A very fast growing NGO works to make the district developed and for the welfare of Poor peoples.
  • Tapasthali Trust

www.tapasthali.in,An NGO working in various fields including Education and Sanitation.
  • Ananda Marga

Ananda Marga is a religious Sociey founded by P.R Sharkar in 1955 at Jamalpur and ashram in Dumka. For more details, kindly follow : http://www.anandamarga.org
  • Evangelical Social Action Forum (ESAF)

website of esaf, Evangelical Social Action Forum (ESAF) a Kerala based NGO working among the poor and undeveloped people of Jharkhand especially among children in Dumka.

Geography

Dumka is located at 24.27°N 87.25°E. It has an average elevation of 137 metres (449 feet).

The Dumka district has an area of 3716.02 km2 and consists of only one sub division namely Dumka. Under the Dumka sub division, there are 10 blocks namely Dumka, Gopikander, Jama, Jarmundi, Kathikund, Maslia, Ramgarh, Raneshwar, Shikaripara and Saraiyahat.

Dumka District have many popular temples like Basukinath, Sirshanath, Maluti Mandir, Shiv Pahar, Dharamsthana. A lots of crowd visit these place during the month of Sawan. Babadham is also the most popular temple but it is situated in Deoghar District near the Dumka District.

Physiography

Dumka has predominantly undulating terrain with hard rocks in the underground. The entire district has a topography with high ridges and valleys bounded by mountains and rivers. The fertility of soil is poor due to extensive erosion, acidic character and low retaining capacity.

Climate

Dumka has a warm-temperate climate, with warm, humid summers and mild, damp winters.


History

  • Stone-age: On the basis of tools unearthed the original inhabitants appear to be the Mon-khmers and the Mundas.

  • Early History: The earlier inhabitants of the present-day district of whom there is same record, it appears, were the Paharias (for example, the Maler and Sauria Paharias). The Greek
    Greeks
    The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes , are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighboring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world....

     traveler Megasthenes
    Megasthenes
    Megasthenes was a Greek ethnographer in the Hellenistic period, author of the work Indica.He was born in Asia Minor and became an ambassador of Seleucus I of Syria possibly to Chandragupta Maurya in Pataliputra, India. However the exact date of his embassy is uncertain...

     identified these people as Mallis
    Malliß
    Malliß is a municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany....

    . He referred to the Sauria Paharias as savars of Orisa.

  • Medieval History: Due to inaccessibility of the area caused by the cliffs of the Rajmahal Hills
    Rajmahal Hills
    Rajmahal Hills are hills formed from rocks dating from the Jurassic Period and named after the town of Rajmahal which lies to the east in the state of Jharkhand in India. The hills are oriented in a north-south axis with an average elevation of 200–300 m . The River Ganges meanders around the...

    , it was a place of strategic economic importance, with a fort at Teliagarhi.

  • After the 1539 victory of Sher Shah Suri
    Sher Shah Suri
    Sher Shah Suri , birth name Farid Khan, also known as Sher Khan , was the founder of the short-lived Sur Empire in northern India, with its capital at Delhi, before its demise in the hands of the resurgent Mughal Empire...

     at Chousa, the area fell into the hands of the Afghans
    Pashtun people
    Pashtuns or Pathans , also known as ethnic Afghans , are an Eastern Iranic ethnic group with populations primarily between the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan and the Indus River in Pakistan...

    , but it was soon lost to the Mughals under Akbar when Hussain Quli Khan was made viceroy of Bengal
    Bengal
    Bengal is a historical and geographical region in the northeast region of the Indian Subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. Today, it is mainly divided between the sovereign land of People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, although some regions of the previous...

    .

  • British Period: The English
    England
    England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

     representative, Dr. Gabriel Bokgliton, procured a farman
    Farman
    Farman Aviation Works was an aeronautic enterprise founded and run by the brothers; Richard, Henri, and Maurice Farman. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French nationalization and rationalization of its aerospace industry, Farman's assets were...

     from Shah Jahan
    Shah Jahan
    Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...

    .

  • 1742-1751: The area of Dumka close to Rajmahal witnessed frequent inroads by the Marathas under Raghoji Bhosle and Peshwa Balaji Rao.

  • 1745: Raghoji Bhosle entered Rajmahal via the hills and jungles of Santal Pargana. The early stay of the English was spent in subduing the Paharias.

  • 1769: Dumka remained a Ghatwali police post under Birbhum District
    Birbhum District
    Birbhum district is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the northernmost district of Burdwan division—one of the three administrative divisions of West Bengal. The district headquarters is located at Suri...

     of Bengal.

  • 1775: Dumka was transferred to Bhagalpur Division
    Bhagalpur Division
    Bhagalpur division is an administrative geographical unit of Bihar state of India, with Bhagalpur as the administrative headquarters of the division. , the division consists of Bhagalpur District, and Banka District.-See also:...

    .

  • 1865: Dumka was made an independent district after being carved out of Bhagalpur.

  • 1872: Dumka was made headquarters of the whole district of Santal Pargana.

  • 1889: Paul Olaf Bodding
    Paul Olaf Bodding
    Paul Olaf Bodding was a Norwegian missionary, linguist and folklorist. He served in India for 44 years , and operated mainly from the town Dumka in the Santhal Parganas-district...

     started his service in India (Dumka/Benagaria) after Lars Olsen Skrefsrud
    Lars Olsen Skrefsrud
    Lars Olsen Skrefsrud was a Norwegian missionary and language researcher in India. Together with Hans Peter Børresen he is regarded as the founder of the Norwegian missionary organization Santalmisjonen...

    , and Bodding created the first alphabet for the Santhals. The NELC
    Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church
    Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church is a multi-lingual Lutheran Christian church that is centred mainly in three states of North India - Bihar, Assam and Bengal. The reach of the Church extends into Nepal and the NELC also works in Bhutan....

    -church was created as a Lutheran Church in this area - before the Catholics had established a mission in this area at all.

  • 1902: The first municipality
    Municipality
    A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...

     was established.

  • 1920: Motor cars
    Automobile
    An automobile, autocar, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor...

     and bus
    Bus
    A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...

    es were introduced.


  • 1983: Dumka made divisional headquarters of Santal Pargana.

  • 2000: Dumka became the sub-capital of Jharkhand.

  • 2011: Dumka is connected with newly built Jasidih - Dumka railway line.

Demographics

India census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

, Dumka had a population of 13,21,096. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Dumka has an average literacy rate of 62.54%, lower than the national average of 74.4%: male literacy is 75.17% and, female literacy is 49.60%. In Dumka, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.but after 5 years its literacy rate is increase and now it became 82%,also literacy rate of female is grown and reached up to 79%.

Transport

Dumka is a small town,It is connected with road to the neighboring city.However in july 2011 Dumka is connected with newly built Jasidih - Dumka railway line.Since than city has seen a goring number of three Wheeler on road.
Although there is an ongoing work on new railway line,which is connect Dumka to Bhagalpur (Bihar) and Rampurhat (west Bangal) in coming years.

Baba Basukinath Dham

Basukinath is located in Dumka District of Jharkhand. It lies on the Deoghar – Dumka state highway and is around 25 km northwest of Dumka. It is a place of pilgrimage for Hindus. Basukinath Temple is the main attraction here.It is situated on Jasidih Dumka New Railway line and Basukinath Railway Station is the nearest railheads. Ranchi Airport is the nearest airport. It is situated at Jarmundi Block on Dumka Deoghar State Highway at a distance of 24 km from the Distrcit Headquarters Dumka. In a year lacs and lacs people from different parts of country come here to worship Lord Shiva. In the month of Shravan people of several country also come here to worship Lord Shiva. For more details, kindly follow : http://www.bababasukinath.in

Malooti

Mallooti is a historical and religious place which is situated in Shikaripara Block on Dumka Rampurhat interstate highway at a distance of 55 km from Dumka District Headquarters. In 1860 Mallooti was made taxfree capital by the then King Basant Rai alias Basant. This Mallooti is associated with the archaeological and religious importal place for natural beauty.


Baba Sumeshwar Nath

It is a religious place which is situated in Saraiyahat Block at the distance of 60 km from district headquarters Dumka. There is a big temple of the Lord Shiva. On the eve of Mahashivaratri the people of different parts of the district come here to worship Lord Shiva in addition to daily worshiping.

Masanjore Dam

Masanjore is a famous picnic spot situated in Dumka District of Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...

. This small village is about 31 km south of Dumka. The picturesque Masanjore dam on the Mayurakshi River
Mayurakshi River
Mayurakshi River is a major river in West Bengal, India, with a long history of devastating floods.It has its source on Trikut hill, about 16 km from Deoghar in Jharkhand state. It flows through Jharkhand and then through the districts of Birbhum and Murshidabad in West Bengal before flowing...

 is a major draw. From the counterpart rupee fund created through supplies of wheat and other materials from Canada for use in India, Canada Govt. devoted those funds to further development of the Mayurakshi project And Masanjore dam was commissioned in 1955. That's why the Dam still mentioned as Canada Dam.
The dam is bounded by hills and forests, a perfect place for outing. Mayurakshi Bhawan Bungalow and Inspection Bungalow offer excellent and comfortable accommodation in the village. By road, Masanjore is connected with Vakreshwara (59 km), Sainthia
Sainthia
Sainthia is a town and a municipality in Suri Sadar subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is famous for Nandikeshwari Temple, one of the Shakti Peethas in India.-Geography:...

 (50 km), Tarapith
Tarapith
Tarapith is a small temple town near Rampurhat in Birbhum district of the Indian state of West Bengal, known for its Tantric temple and its adjoining cremation grounds where Tantric rites are performed...

 (70 km), Rampurhat
Rampurhat
Rampurhat is a city and a municipality in Birbhum District in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a small and peaceful town near the West Bengal / Jharkhand border...

 (62 km) and Deoghar
Deoghar
Deoghar is the headquarters city of Deoghar District in the Santhal Parganas division of the state of Jharkhand, India. It is an important Hindu pilgrimage centre, having in Baidyanath Temple one of the twelve Shiva Jyothirlingams in India and also one of the 51 Shakti Peethas in India.-Origin of...

 (98 km). Masanjor dam or the Pearson dam on river Mayurakshi is a picturesque place on foot hills of long range of forest clad parallel hill ranges. This place is basically a hydro electric power generating center but in the process of time it has become popular center for the tourist. With the beautiful garden on the down hill and two beautiful Dak-bunglows on the bank of the river at charm to its beauty.

Tatloi

It is a hot water Spring, situated at a distance of 15 km from the district headquarters of Dumka. It is rounded by small mounts, beautiful, attractive and greenish natural atmosphere. The water of spring is very clear and healthy.

Kumrabad

This is a very beautiful picnic spot. Just 13 km from the Dumka town, you find a rare view of natural beauty with small hills,beside that smooth flowing Mayurakshi River
Mayurakshi River
Mayurakshi River is a major river in West Bengal, India, with a long history of devastating floods.It has its source on Trikut hill, about 16 km from Deoghar in Jharkhand state. It flows through Jharkhand and then through the districts of Birbhum and Murshidabad in West Bengal before flowing...

.

Hill Range

Running south from pakur to godda. The hill range of Dumka seen parallel and terminate in th Mangalbhanga hill. To the south east of Dumka is Ramgarh hills further west two parallel renges of hills also stretch in an easterly direction from Masanjor to Ranibhal. Beside hill ranges some hillocks are also in like (i) Lagwa hil at Nonihat under which lies the Tatloi hot water stream (ii) Hijla hill top. (iii) Sapchala hill top. (iv) Chuto pahadi. Maluti (Temple village on way to Rampurhat).

Kurwa (Shrishti)

It is a small picnic spot about 5 km to the south of Dumka. It has a beautiful park, facilities for boating and a small hill.

Politics

The first Chief Minister of Jharkhand, Babulal Marandi
Babulal Marandi
Babu Lal Marandi was the first Chief Minister of Jharkhand. He is the founder and national president of Jharkhand Vikas Morcha . He is the Member of Parliament from Koderma Lok Sabha constituency. He was the Minister of State, Forests & Environment, Govt...

, hailed from Dumka constituency. In the year 2000, when Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar, NDA came to power in Jharkhand with Marandi as the Chief Minister. However, he had to resign and make way for Arjun Munda
Arjun Munda
Arjun Munda is an Indian Politician, former Member of Parliament to the 15th Lok Sabha. He resigned the 15th Lok Sabha membership on 26th February, 2011. Currently he is Chief Minister of Jharkhand....

 (BJP) for the post in 2002 following pressure exerted by coalition allies primarily JD(U). Recently, he formed his own party with Stephan Marandi, another political leader of the state.

Shibu Soren is another familiar and famous politician associated with Dumka. His political career has been mired in controversies, starting since Indira Gandhi's prime ministership. Recently, he has been sent to Dumka jail after being convicted of murdering his private secretary Shashinath Jha. But, the Delhi High Court acquitted him of the murder charge of his private secretary because of the lack of the evidences. A number of cases is still pending before the Jamtara Session Court and some of the other courts of the Jharkhand.

Schools and colleges

The district has some good schools and colleges which have been imparting the value of education. Zila School, National School, Govt. Girls School, Dumka Central School, +2 Jharkhand Public School are the Schools which provide education till +2 level.
Other schools of repute which provide education till secondary level are Sido Kanhu High School, St. Teresa High school (for girls) and Holy Child, N.E.L.C.
Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church
Northern Evangelical Lutheran Church is a multi-lingual Lutheran Christian church that is centred mainly in three states of North India - Bihar, Assam and Bengal. The reach of the Church extends into Nepal and the NELC also works in Bhutan....

Don Bosco School, St. Joseph's High School.
other schools of same repute are Ananda Marga School(kurwa),Modern Sainik School, Green Mount Academy, Jharkhand Public School etc. They are known for good standard of education.
The town also boasts of having S. P. College and A. N. College which run under the S.K.M. University. S. P. College offers undergraduate, graduate as well as Post graduate courses in various disciplines of science, Arts and commerce. Recently B.Ed. course has also been introduced. It has IGNOU study Centre as well which provides for teaching of IGNOU courses.Another well known University is Birsa Agricultural University which provides technical Education related to Agriculture.

Education

The town has very good colleges and schools. S.P. College leads the pack and offers graduation and Post graduation in social science, pure science, economics, mathematics and other subjects. Dumka also has a polytechnic and an ITI but unfortunately no engineering, medical or dental college, so those who wish to pursue a career in these subjects have to move out of the city. A good number of schools are also there to provide the educational needs of the students of this locality.

S.P. College in Dumka provides vocational courses in education (B. Ed, BCA & BBA). IT also runs an IGNOU centre to provide distance learning education in various certificate, diploma, graduation and post graduation courses.

Banks in Dumka

  • Allahabad Bank(Neach Bazar Road)
  • Axis Bank(Baghalpur Road)
  • Bank of Baroda(Tin Bazar Chock)
  • Bank of India(Thana Road)
  • Canara Bank(Thana Road)
  • Central Bank of India(Tata Showroom)
  • HDFC Bank(Thana Road)
  • Indian Bank
  • ICICI Bank(Chuha Bagan)
  • Oriental Bank of Commerce(Neach Bazar)
  • Panjab National Bank(Bagalpur Road)
  • SBI Main Branch(Court Road)
  • SBI Bazar Branch(Near Yag Maidan)
  • SBI AMY Branch(Dudhani)
  • Union Bank of India
  • United Bank of India
  • UCO Bank(kuldeep singh Road)
  • Vananchal Gramin Bank

ATMs in Dumka

  • Axis Bank
    • Bagalpur Road
    • Near Dharmastan(Beside Mani Dress)
    • Shiv Pahar Chock
  • HDFC Bank
    • Thana Road
  • ICICI Bank
  • Chuha Bagan
  • PNB
    • Bagalpur Road
  • SBI
    • Dudhani
    • Tin Bazar Chock 3-Beside Raymond Showroom
    • Court Road
    • LIC
  • Union Bank of India
    • Niche Bazar

External links

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