Dom in svet
Encyclopedia
Dom in svet was a Catholic cultural and literary journal in Slovenia
, published from 1888 to 1943. Its long-running rivalry with the national-liberal journal Ljubljanski zvon
was a major feature of Slovenian cultural life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; historian Péter Krasztev describes the "clear-cut distinction between liberal and conservative" the pair of journals produced as "striking and uncharacteristic of the region".
Dom in svet was founded in 1888 by the conservative Catholic editor Frančišek Lampe. It opposed both naturalist
and avant-garde
experimentations with Modernism
, especially the Decadent movement
, attacking Slovene and other Slavic writers whom they saw as their regional representatives, such as Anton Aškerc
and Jaroslav Vrchlický
. Instead the editorial line "steadily opposed the loosening of literary form and insisted on Christian-national and Pan-Slavic values". Nonetheless, it was diligent in reporting on Modernism and foreign literature: it published discussions of l'art pour l'art and the works of Schopenhauer and Tolstoy
in its first few years in print, and in 1901 published a thorough review (by Lampe) of the past 20 years of European literature.
Its editorial line remained conservative and opposed Modernism up to the early 20th century, under the influence of the integralist Catholic theologian Anton Mahnič
. It assumed a more liberal direction in 1914, under the new editorship of Izidor Cankar
, a prominent liberal Catholic essayist and art historian. Under Cankar, the journal reviewed art from more aesthetic perspective, and helped the Slovene Catholic establishment shed some of its anti-intellectual reputation. During the 1920s and 1930s, the journal adopted a moderate and liberal conservative stance, although it maintained a relatively open editorial policy towards other currents of Slovene Catholicism, especially the Christian left
. In these two decades, the journal became one of the most progressive attitudes towards literature in Slovenia, becoming a platform for expressionist and modernist experiments. It also published numerous translations from foreign languages, especially of Catholic authors such as Paul Claudel
, Georges Bernanos
, Miguel de Unamuno
, G. K. Chesterton
and T. S. Eliot
.
A major split in the journal took place in 1937, when the Christian Socialist author and thinker Edvard Kocbek
published an essay entitled "Reflections on Spain" (Premišljevanja o Španiji), where he sharply criticized the role of Catholic high clergy in the Spanish Civil War
, especially its support of the pro-Fascist uprising of the general Francisco Franco
. The essay provoked a huge controversy in the Catholic public opinion in Slovenia, which ended in the resignation of the editor of the journal, France Koblar
. Kocbek and his circle left Dom in svet, establishing a new journal, called Dejanje ("Action"). The scandal seriously damaged the reputation of the journal.
After the invasion of Yugoslavia
and subsequent Italian occupation of Ljubljana
in April 1941, Dom in svet was the only major Slovenian literary journal to continue publication. After the Nazi German occupation of the Province of Ljubljana
in September 1943, it too ceased to be published.
All issues of the journal are freely available online on the Digital Library of Slovenia
.
, intellectual Bogdan Radica, poets Joža Lovrenčič, Miran Jarc
, Anton Vodnik
, Jože Udovič, Božo Vodušek, and France Balantič
, writers Fran Saleški Finžgar
, Franc Ksaver Meško, France Bevk
and Ivan Pregelj
, playwright Stanko Majcen, literary critics France Vodnik
and Jakob Šolar, literary historians Ivan Grafenauer
and Tine Debeljak, theologian Aleš Ušeničnik
, political theorist Andrej Gosar
, politicians Janez Evangelist Krek
and Evgen Lampe, musician and essayist Marij Kogoj
, ethnologist Rajko Ložar, art historian Vojislav Mole, and many others.
Slovenia
Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...
, published from 1888 to 1943. Its long-running rivalry with the national-liberal journal Ljubljanski zvon
Ljubljanski zvon
Ljubljanski zvon was a journal published in Ljubljana in Slovene between 1881 and 1941. It was considered one of the most prestigious literary and cultural magazines in Slovenia.- Early period :...
was a major feature of Slovenian cultural life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; historian Péter Krasztev describes the "clear-cut distinction between liberal and conservative" the pair of journals produced as "striking and uncharacteristic of the region".
Dom in svet was founded in 1888 by the conservative Catholic editor Frančišek Lampe. It opposed both naturalist
Naturalist
Naturalist may refer to:* Practitioner of natural history* Conservationist* Advocate of naturalism * Naturalist , autobiography-See also:* The American Naturalist, periodical* Naturalism...
and avant-garde
Avant-garde
Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
experimentations with Modernism
Modernism
Modernism, in its broadest definition, is modern thought, character, or practice. More specifically, the term describes the modernist movement, its set of cultural tendencies and array of associated cultural movements, originally arising from wide-scale and far-reaching changes to Western society...
, especially the Decadent movement
Decadent movement
The Decadent movement was a late 19th century artistic and literary movement of Western Europe. It flourished in France, but also had devotees in England and throughout Europe, as well as in the United States.-Overview:...
, attacking Slovene and other Slavic writers whom they saw as their regional representatives, such as Anton Aškerc
Anton Aškerc
Anton Aškerc was a Slovene poet and Roman Catholic priest, best known for his epic poems.Aškerc was born into a peasant family near the town of Rimske Toplice in the Duchy of Styria, then part of the Austrian Empire . His exact birthplace is unknown because his family was on the move at the time...
and Jaroslav Vrchlický
Jaroslav Vrchlický
Jaroslav Vrchlický was one of the greatest Czech lyrical poets. He was born Emil Frida, Vrchlický being a pseudonym.He also wrote epic poetry, plays, prose and literary essays and translated widely from various languages, introducing e.g. Dante, Goethe, Shelley, Baudelaire, Poe, and Whitman to...
. Instead the editorial line "steadily opposed the loosening of literary form and insisted on Christian-national and Pan-Slavic values". Nonetheless, it was diligent in reporting on Modernism and foreign literature: it published discussions of l'art pour l'art and the works of Schopenhauer and Tolstoy
Tolstoy
Tolstoy, or Tolstoi is a prominent family of Russian nobility, descending from Andrey Kharitonovich Tolstoy who served under Vasily II of Moscow...
in its first few years in print, and in 1901 published a thorough review (by Lampe) of the past 20 years of European literature.
Its editorial line remained conservative and opposed Modernism up to the early 20th century, under the influence of the integralist Catholic theologian Anton Mahnič
Anton Mahnič
Dr. Anton Mahnič, also spelled as Antun Mahnić in Croatian ortography , was a Slovene and Croatian Roman Catholic bishop, theologian and philosopher, founder and the main leader of the Croatian Catholic movement....
. It assumed a more liberal direction in 1914, under the new editorship of Izidor Cankar
Izidor Cankar
Izidor Cankar was a Slovenian author, art historian, diplomat, publicist, translator, and liberal conservative politician...
, a prominent liberal Catholic essayist and art historian. Under Cankar, the journal reviewed art from more aesthetic perspective, and helped the Slovene Catholic establishment shed some of its anti-intellectual reputation. During the 1920s and 1930s, the journal adopted a moderate and liberal conservative stance, although it maintained a relatively open editorial policy towards other currents of Slovene Catholicism, especially the Christian left
Christian left
The Christian left is a term originating in the United States, used to describe a spectrum of left-wing Christian political and social movements which largely embraces social justice....
. In these two decades, the journal became one of the most progressive attitudes towards literature in Slovenia, becoming a platform for expressionist and modernist experiments. It also published numerous translations from foreign languages, especially of Catholic authors such as Paul Claudel
Paul Claudel
Paul Claudel was a French poet, dramatist and diplomat, and the younger brother of the sculptor Camille Claudel. He was most famous for his verse dramas, which often convey his devout Catholicism.-Life:...
, Georges Bernanos
Georges Bernanos
Georges Bernanos was a French author, and a soldier in World War I. Of Roman Catholic and monarchist leanings, he was a violent adversary to bourgeois thought and to what he identified as defeatism leading to France's defeat in 1940.-Biography:Bernanos was born at Paris, into a family of...
, Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright and philosopher.-Biography:...
, G. K. Chesterton
G. K. Chesterton
Gilbert Keith Chesterton, KC*SG was an English writer. His prolific and diverse output included philosophy, ontology, poetry, plays, journalism, public lectures and debates, literary and art criticism, biography, Christian apologetics, and fiction, including fantasy and detective fiction....
and T. S. Eliot
T. S. Eliot
Thomas Stearns "T. S." Eliot OM was a playwright, literary critic, and arguably the most important English-language poet of the 20th century. Although he was born an American he moved to the United Kingdom in 1914 and was naturalised as a British subject in 1927 at age 39.The poem that made his...
.
A major split in the journal took place in 1937, when the Christian Socialist author and thinker Edvard Kocbek
Edvard Kocbek
Edvard Kocbek was a Slovenian poet, writer, essayist, translator, political activist, and resistance fighter. He is considered as one of the best authors who have written in Slovene, and one of the best Slovene poets after Prešeren...
published an essay entitled "Reflections on Spain" (Premišljevanja o Španiji), where he sharply criticized the role of Catholic high clergy in the Spanish Civil War
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil WarAlso known as The Crusade among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, and The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans. was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939...
, especially its support of the pro-Fascist uprising of the general Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...
. The essay provoked a huge controversy in the Catholic public opinion in Slovenia, which ended in the resignation of the editor of the journal, France Koblar
France Koblar
France Koblar was a Slovene literary historian, editor and translator.Koblar was born in Železniki in what was then Austria-Hungary and is now in Slovenia. He studied Slavic languages and Latin at Vienna...
. Kocbek and his circle left Dom in svet, establishing a new journal, called Dejanje ("Action"). The scandal seriously damaged the reputation of the journal.
After the invasion of Yugoslavia
Invasion of Yugoslavia
The Invasion of Yugoslavia , also known as the April War , was the Axis Powers' attack on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia which began on 6 April 1941 during World War II...
and subsequent Italian occupation of Ljubljana
Ljubljana
Ljubljana is the capital of Slovenia and its largest city. It is the centre of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is located in the centre of the country in the Ljubljana Basin, and is a mid-sized city of some 270,000 inhabitants...
in April 1941, Dom in svet was the only major Slovenian literary journal to continue publication. After the Nazi German occupation of the Province of Ljubljana
Province of Ljubljana
The Province of Ljubljana was a province of the Kingdom of Italy and of the Nazi German Adriatic Littoral during World War II. It was created on May 3, 1941 from territory occupied and annexed to Italy after the Axis invasion and dissolution of Yugoslavia, and it was abolished on May 9, 1945, when...
in September 1943, it too ceased to be published.
All issues of the journal are freely available online on the Digital Library of Slovenia
Digital library of slovenia
The Digital Library of Slovenia is a web portal providing ready access to digitised knowledge and cultural treasures. It offers a free search through sources and free access to digitised contents, such as periodicals, books, manuscripts, map, photographs, music and manuals.- History :The Digital...
.
Famous contributors
Besides the already mentioned, famous authors contributed to Dom in svet included historian Simon RutarSimon Rutar
Simon Rutar , was a Slovene historian and geographer. He wrote primarily on the history and geography of the areas that are now part of the Slovenian Littoral, the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the Croatian counties of Istria and Primorsko-Goranska.- Biography :Rutar was born in a...
, intellectual Bogdan Radica, poets Joža Lovrenčič, Miran Jarc
Miran Jarc
Miran Jarc was a Slovene writer, poet, playwright and essayist.Jarc was born in the town of Črnomelj in White Carniola, in what was then Austria-Hungary in 1900. He was sent to school in Novo Mesto, and between 1918 and 1922 studied Slavic philology in Zagreb and Ljubljana, though he never...
, Anton Vodnik
Anton Vodnik
Anton Vodnik was a Slovenian poet, art historian, and critic. He was one of the most notable representatives of Slovene Catholic expressionism in the interwar period....
, Jože Udovič, Božo Vodušek, and France Balantič
France Balantic
France Balantič was a Slovene poet. His works were banished from schools and libraries during the Titoist regime in Slovenia, but since the late 1980s, he has been re-considered as one of the foremost Slovene poets of the 20th century.- Life :Balantič was born in a working class family in Kamnik,...
, writers Fran Saleški Finžgar
Fran Saleški Finžgar
Fran Saleški Finžgar was a Slovene writer, playwright, translator and Roman Catholic priest.Fran Saleški Finžgar was born into a poor peasant family in the Upper Carniolan village of Doslovče , in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Empire...
, Franc Ksaver Meško, France Bevk
France Bevk
France Bevk was a Slovene writer, poet and translator. He also wrote under the pseudonym Pavle Sedmak.-Biography:...
and Ivan Pregelj
Ivan Pregelj
Ivan Pregelj was a Slovene writer, playwright, poet, and critic.- Life :Pregelj was born to a tailor's family in Most na Soči . His father died while Pregelj was still a child. He attended school with the help of the parish priest...
, playwright Stanko Majcen, literary critics France Vodnik
France Vodnik
France Vodnik was a Slovenian literary critic, essayist, translator and poet from Ljubljana. He was mostly active in the interwar period, when Slovenia was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia...
and Jakob Šolar, literary historians Ivan Grafenauer
Ivan Grafenauer
Ivan Grafenauer was a Slovenian literary historian and ethnologist of Carinthian Slovene origin.He was born in the village of Micheldorf near Hermagor in Carinthia, now part of Austria. At that time, Micheldorf was the westernmost Slovene-inhabited village, not only in Carinthia, but in all the...
and Tine Debeljak, theologian Aleš Ušeničnik
Aleš Ušenicnik
Aleš Ušeničnik was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest, philosopher, sociologist and theologian. He was one of the main philosophers of neo-Thomism in Slovenia and in Yugoslavia....
, political theorist Andrej Gosar
Andrej Gosar
Andrej Gosar was a Slovenian and Yugoslav politician, sociologist, economist and political theorist.- Early life and career :...
, politicians Janez Evangelist Krek
Janez Evangelist Krek
Janez Evangelist Krek was a Slovene Christian Socialist politician, priest, journalist and author.He was born in a peasant family in the village of Sveti Gregor , in what was then the Austrian Empire. His father died when he was a child...
and Evgen Lampe, musician and essayist Marij Kogoj
Marij Kogoj
thumb|right|Marij KogojMarij Kogoj was a Slovenian composer. He was a pupil of Schoenberg and Franz Schreker, and immensely popular during the 1920s, culminating with his opera Black masks....
, ethnologist Rajko Ložar, art historian Vojislav Mole, and many others.