DRG Class 01.10
Encyclopedia
The locomotive
Locomotive
A locomotive is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. The word originates from the Latin loco – "from a place", ablative of locus, "place" + Medieval Latin motivus, "causing motion", and is a shortened form of the term locomotive engine, first used in the early 19th...
s of DRB Class 01.10 were standard locomotives (Einheitsdampflokomotive
Einheitsdampflokomotive
The German term Einheitsdampflokomotive, sometimes shortened to Einheitslokomotive or Einheitslok, means standard steam locomotive and refers to the steam engines built in Germany after 1925 under the direction of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft...
n) used for express train services by the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
The Deutsche Reichsbahn – was the name of the German national railway created from the railways of the individual states of the German Empire following the end of World War I....
. The Class 01.10 was a development of the Class 01
DRG Class 01
The Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft's BR 01 steam locomotives were the first standardised steam express passenger locomotives built by the unified German railway system. They were of 4-6-2 "Pacific" wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 2′C1′ h2 in the UIC classification. The idea of...
.
History
The Deutsche Reichsbahn needed powerful steam locomotives with a top speed of 150 km/h and the ability to haul trains of 500 tonnes at 120 km/h, as well as trains of 350 tonnes at 100 km/h up ramps with a 5 ‰ incline, for its network of fast D and FD trains. This was more than the existing Class 01DRG Class 01
The Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft's BR 01 steam locomotives were the first standardised steam express passenger locomotives built by the unified German railway system. They were of 4-6-2 "Pacific" wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 2′C1′ h2 in the UIC classification. The idea of...
and 03
DRG Class 03
The Class 03 steam engines were standard express train locomotives in service with the Deutsche Reichsbahn.- History :...
engines were able to cope with, because their two-cylinder driving gear did not have sufficient reserves of power. The 01.10 had three cylinders. To reduce rolling resistance
Rolling resistance
Rolling resistance, sometimes called rolling friction or rolling drag, is the resistance that occurs when a round object such as a ball or tire rolls on a flat surface, in steady velocity straight line motion. It is caused mainly by the deformation of the object, the deformation of the surface, or...
, the new vehicles were equipped with a streamlined
Streamliner
A streamliner is a vehicle incorporating streamlining in a shape providing reduced air resistance. The term is applied to high-speed railway trainsets of the 1930s to 1950s, and to their successor "bullet trains". Less commonly, the term is applied to fully faired recumbent bicycles...
body shell that reached down to 400 mm above the top of the rails.
Out of a perceived requirement for 400 locomotives, 204 were initially order in 1939 from all the major locomotive factories in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. However, as a result of the Second World War only 55 were eventually delivered. All these engines came from Schwartzkopff
Berliner Maschinenbau
Berliner Maschinenbau AG was a German manufacturer of locomotives.The factory was founded by Louis Victor Robert Schwartzkopff on 3 October 1852 as Eisengießerei und Maschinen-Fabrik von L. Schwartzkopff in Berlin ....
.
The Class 01.10 was delivered to the following locomotive sheds (Bahnbetriebswerke):
Leipzig
Leipzig
Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...
HBF West, Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof
Anhalter Bahnhof
The Anhalter Bahnhof is a former railway terminus in Berlin, Germany, approximately 600 metres southeast of Potsdamer Platz. Although the station was closed in 1952, the name lives on in the Berlin S-Bahn station of the same name.- Early days :...
, Halle, Hamburg-Altona, Hannover-Ost, Bebra
Bebra
Bebra is a small town in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, Germany.-Location:Bebra lies some 45 km south of Kassel on the Fulda. The town is easy to find on most maps thanks to its prominent location on the Fuldaknie...
, Erfurt
Erfurt
Erfurt is the capital city of Thuringia and the main city nearest to the geographical centre of Germany, located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 150 km N of Nuremberg and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian...
P, Dresden
Dresden
Dresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. The Dresden conurbation is part of the Saxon Triangle metropolitan area....
-Altstadt, Frankfurt/Oder
Frankfurt (Oder)
Frankfurt is a town in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River, on the German-Polish border directly opposite the town of Słubice which was a part of Frankfurt until 1945. At the end of the 1980s it reached a population peak with more than 87,000 inhabitants...
PBF, Würzburg
Würzburg
Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. Located at the Main River, it is the capital of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. The regional dialect is Franconian....
and Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
as well as the Grunewald Locomotive Research Office
Lokomotiv-Versuchsamt Grunewald
The Lokomotiv-Versuchsamt Grunewald or LVA was a facility established from 1920 to 1945 at Berlin-Grunewald in Germany that conducted trials on railway vehicles...
. During the war, some of the locomotives were transferred to Breslau and Kattowitz .
In 1944 all the locomotives were moved to western Germany due to the course of the war.
After the Second World War the engines were in a pitiful state. Sections of streamlining were missing and the boilers, made of steel that was not particularly durable, showed the first signs of fatigue. On 20 June 1945 the entire class was retired. At that stage, the locomotives had each driven less than 500,000 km. However, as a result of the overriding shortage of locomotives after the war, the class was partially reprieved, and several engines with minor damage were even temporarily overhauled. However the majority of the engines remained sidelined until 1949. In the same year it was decided that all the locomotives, apart from one (01 1067) which was finally retired, should be refurbished. As part of this refurbishment the streamlined shells of locomotive and tender
Tender locomotive
A tender or coal-car is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing the locomotive's fuel and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so tenders are necessary to keep the locomotive running over long distances. A locomotive...
were completely removed, and Witte smoke deflectors
Smoke deflectors
Smoke deflectors are vertical plates attached to the front of a steam locomotive on each side of the smokebox. They are designed to lift smoke away from the locomotive at speed so that the driver has better visibility unimpaired by drifting smoke....
were fitted. The frontal view of the locomotives had an unusual appearance for German locomotives at that time. The feedwater heater
Feedwater heater
A feedwater heater is a power plant component used to pre-heat water delivered to a steam generating boiler. Preheating the feedwater reduces the irreversibilities involved in steam generation and therefore improves the thermodynamic efficiency of the system...
remained in its old location across the front of the chimney and the smokebox
Smokebox
A smokebox is one of the major basic parts of a Steam locomotive exhaust system. Smoke and hot gases pass from the firebox through tubes where they pass heat to the surrounding water in the boiler. The smoke then enters the smokebox, and is exhausted to the atmosphere through the chimney .To assist...
door was cut off above the middle. Only 2 engines were provided with the otherwise normal round smokebox door.
However, the problem of the boiler being made of non-durable St 47 K steel remained. Because the machines needed to be operational, it was decided in 1953 to tender for a new, welded, high-performance boiler. This was built by Henschel between 1953 and 1956 in Kassel, and installed at the Brunswick
Braunschweig
Braunschweig , is a city of 247,400 people, located in the federal-state of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located north of the Harz mountains at the farthest navigable point of the Oker river, which connects to the North Sea via the rivers Aller and Weser....
repair depot, along with a mixer preheater system.
In 1956 number 01 1100 was given, along with a new boiler, oil-firing by way of a trial. This enabled its performance to be increased. In addition, oil-firing can be more finely controlled and could be matched more easily to the operating conditions. The engines were therefore more economical than coal-fired locomotives. Working conditions for stokers were also improved. The energy supply was regulated by slides (Schieber). Greasing the driving gear, however, remained a stoker's task. Nevertheless, the stoker wa now freed from the hard work of shovelling coal and could better support the engine driver in observing the line. Heavy oil, then available as a waste product, was used for firing. Following their positive experience with this system, the DB decided in 1957 to convert another 33 locomotives of this class to oil-firing.
In 1968 the coal-fired locomotives were given the designation 011 and the oil-fired ones the number 012, as part of the renumbering to conform with electronic data processing
Electronic data processing
Electronic Data Processing can refer to the use of automated methods to process commercial data. Typically, this uses relatively simple, repetitive activities to process large volumes of similar information...
(EDP).
The locomotives were used on all important main lines until their electrification, for example on the Würzburg
Würzburg
Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. Located at the Main River, it is the capital of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. The regional dialect is Franconian....
–Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
or Hamm
Hamm
Hamm is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany. It is located in the northeastern part of the Ruhr area. As of December 2003 its population was 180,849. The city is situated between the A1 motorway and A2 motorway...
–Hamburg routes. Towards the end they were deployed on the Hamburg–Westerland and Rheine–Norddeich lines.
On 31 May 1975 the last engines from Rheine
Rheine
Rheine is a city in the district of Steinfurt in Westphalia, Germany. It is the largest city in the district and the location of Rheine Air Base.-Geography:Rheine is located on the river Ems, approx. north of Münster, approx...
shed ran scheduled services, with a great deal of participation from railway fans, and finally retired.
Preserved Locomotives
Thanks to their relatively recent withdrawal from service several of these locomotives have been preserved.Class 01.10 engines may be visited in a number of museums, such as the German Steam Locomotive Museum
German Steam Locomotive Museum
The German Steam Locomotive Museum or DDM is located at the foot of the famous Schiefe Ebene ramp on the Ludwig South-North Railway in Neuenmarkt, Upper Franconia. This region is in northern Bavaria, Germany...
in Neuenmarkt
Neuenmarkt
Neuenmarkt is a municipality in the district of Kulmbach in Bavaria in Germany.-City arrangement:Neuenmarkt is arranged in the following boroughs:...
-Wirsberg
Wirsberg
Wirsberg is a municipality in the district of Kulmbach in Bavaria in Germany.-City arrangement:Wirsberg is arranged in the following boroughs:* Birkenhof* Cottenau* Einöde* Goldene Adlerhütte* Neufang* Osserich* Schlackenmühle* Sessenreuth...
, Upper Franconia
Upper Franconia
Upper Franconia is a Regierungsbezirk of the state of Bavaria, southern Germany. It forms part of the historically significant region of Franconia , all now part of the German Federal State of Bayern .With more than 200 independent breweries which brew...
in Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
. Number 01 1081 is being refurbished as a museum exhibit at the Augsburg Railway Park
Augsburg Railway Park
The Augsburg Railway Park is a railway museum in Augsburg on part of the former Augsburg locomotive shed owned by the Deutsche Bahn. At present the Railway Park is still under construction and is therefore only open to visitors for certain exhibitions. It will be officially re-opened on 13 April...
(Bahnpark Augsburg).
Still working are:
- 01 1075 with the Stoom Stichting NederlandStoom Stichting Nederlandthumb|200px|The Stoom Stichting Nederland railwayThe Stoom Stichting Nederland is a railway museum in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, founded in 1976.-Facilities:...
in RotterdamRotterdamRotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
(Netherlands), which has been re-converted to coal-firing - 01 1100 belonging to the Deutsche Bahn AG
- 01 1066 with the Ulm Railway Friends
- 01 1102 of the Transeurop Eisenbahn AG, which since 2004 has however been stood in the open at the Meiningen Steam Locomotive WorksMeiningen Steam Locomotive WorksThe Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works is a railway repair shop in Meiningen, Germany. It is owned by Deutsche Bahn and has specialised in the maintenance of museum steam locomotives since 1990, having extensive experience in maintaining steam engines. Today, customers of the factory include...
(the former Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk Meiningen). 01 1102 was restored to an operational state in 1996 in Meiningen, including being given a streamlined shell with open driving gear. Rather than the original black livery, the locomotive has been painted steel blue.
Literature
- Gerhard Greß, Jörg Sauter: Die Baureihe 01.10. Von der Stromlinienlok zum DB-Renner. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2001, ISBN 3-88255-216-6
- Peter Konzelmann: Die Baureihe 01.10 Deutsche Dampflokomotiven, Band 4. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Eisenbahn-Kurier e.V., Solingen 1973
- Horst J. Obermayer: Baureihe 01.10. transpress Fahrzeugportrait. transpress, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-61371138-9
- Jörg Sauter: Die Schnellzuglokomotiven der Ulmer Eisenbahnfreunde 01 1066, 01 509, 01 1081, 01 173. UEF, Leutkirch 1996
External links
- There is a relevant English-language forum at Railways of Germany