Czersk
Encyclopedia
Czersk cz is a town
in northern Poland
in Chojnice County
, Pomeranian Voivodeship.
On July 1, 2006 this municipality celebrated 80 years of granting this community (July 1, 1926) the status of city.
Today the centrum of City
of Czersk in downtown
is the Village Square. The infrastructure
was recently modernized, rebuilt roadway system, modern center of commerce, 400 seats sport hall, water and wastewater treatment
systems, railroad station.
The historical treasure is Neo-baroque
-style parish
church. The oldest described and documented church is from the year of 1584. The recent church was erected between 1910-1913 based on the project of F.O. Hossfed.
The local industries include timber processing mills, brick factory, paper plant, woving plant, furniture, metallurgy and factory of agricultural equipment, brewery, large trout farm, and food processing. The craft and commerce are flourishing.
of Czersk:
Town
A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size a settlement must be in order to be called a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world, so that, for example, many American "small towns" seem to British people to be no more than villages, while...
in northern Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
in Chojnice County
Chojnice County
Chojnice County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Chojnice, which lies ...
, Pomeranian Voivodeship.
On July 1, 2006 this municipality celebrated 80 years of granting this community (July 1, 1926) the status of city.
Today the centrum of City
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
of Czersk in downtown
Downtown
Downtown is a term primarily used in North America by English speakers to refer to a city's core or central business district ....
is the Village Square. The infrastructure
Infrastructure
Infrastructure is basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function...
was recently modernized, rebuilt roadway system, modern center of commerce, 400 seats sport hall, water and wastewater treatment
Wastewater Treatment
Wastewater treatment may refer to:* Sewage treatment* Industrial wastewater treatment...
systems, railroad station.
The historical treasure is Neo-baroque
Neo-baroque
The Baroque Revival or Neo-baroque was an architectural style of the late 19th century. The term is used to describe architecture which displays important aspects of Baroque style, but is not of the Baroque period proper—i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries.Some examples of Neo-baroque architecture:*...
-style parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
church. The oldest described and documented church is from the year of 1584. The recent church was erected between 1910-1913 based on the project of F.O. Hossfed.
The local industries include timber processing mills, brick factory, paper plant, woving plant, furniture, metallurgy and factory of agricultural equipment, brewery, large trout farm, and food processing. The craft and commerce are flourishing.
History
The most significant historical dates of CityCity
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
of Czersk:
- 13th century – The establishment of the parish communityCommunityThe term community has two distinct meanings:*a group of interacting people, possibly living in close proximity, and often refers to a group that shares some common values, and is attributed with social cohesion within a shared geographical location, generally in social units larger than a household...
including RytelRytelRytel is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately west of Czersk, east of Chojnice, and south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk....
, Łąg, MokreMokreMokre may refer to the following places:*Mokre, Grudziądz County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship *Mokre, Mogilno County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship...
, MalachinMalachinMalachin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Czersk, north-east of Chojnice, and south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk....
. - 1309 - The oldest historical evidence supports the fact the growth of the settlement after Teutonic KnightsTeutonic KnightsThe Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
have overtaken the Pomeranian Gdańsk and establishing the TucholaTucholaTuchola is a town in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in northern Poland. The Pomeranian town, which had a population of 13,976 as of 2004, is located close to the Tuchola Forests about 7t0 km north of Bydgoszcz, and is the seat of Tuchola County...
community. At that time Czersk was a country site with operating mill, inn, bitumic trade and bees farms. - 1330 – The first historical acknowledgment of Czersk community.
- 1584 – Publication about first and the oldest known description of the Czersk church;
- 1772–1902 – Partitions of PolandPartitions of PolandThe Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
and AnnexationAnnexationAnnexation is the de jure incorporation of some territory into another geo-political entity . Usually, it is implied that the territory and population being annexed is the smaller, more peripheral, and weaker of the two merging entities, barring physical size...
to Prussia; - 1827 – The first carriageCarriageA carriage is a wheeled vehicle for people, usually horse-drawn; litters and sedan chairs are excluded, since they are wheelless vehicles. The carriage is especially designed for private passenger use and for comfort or elegance, though some are also used to transport goods. It may be light,...
s are crossing Czersk the horse carriage tract between BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
and KönigsbergKönigsbergKönigsberg was the capital of East Prussia from the Late Middle Ages until 1945 as well as the northernmost and easternmost German city with 286,666 inhabitants . Due to the multicultural society in and around the city, there are several local names for it...
; - 1873 – Opening of Eastern Railroad Berlin – KönigsbergKönigsbergKönigsberg was the capital of East Prussia from the Late Middle Ages until 1945 as well as the northernmost and easternmost German city with 286,666 inhabitants . Due to the multicultural society in and around the city, there are several local names for it...
; first major commercial economical development; - 1887 – Startup of Herman Shütta enterpriseCompanyA company is a form of business organization. It is an association or collection of individual real persons and/or other companies, who each provide some form of capital. This group has a common purpose or focus and an aim of gaining profits. This collection, group or association of persons can be...
– presently Czersk FurnitureFurnitureFurniture is the mass noun for the movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating and sleeping in beds, to hold objects at a convenient height for work using horizontal surfaces above the ground, or to store things...
Factory KLOSE; The beginning of history of furniture manufacturing in Czersk; - 1913 – Completion of construction of still existing Czersk Church;
- 1914–1918 – First World War; Through the prisoner camp located around Łukow passed about 50,000 war prisoners mainly Russian;
- January 29, 1920 – With victorious entry of GeneralGeneralA general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
Józef Haller de HallenburgJózef Haller de HallenburgJózef Haller de Hallenburg was a Lieutenant General of the Polish Army, legionary in Polish Legions, harcmistrz , the President of The Polish Scouting and Guiding Association , political and social activist, Stanisław Haller de Hallenburg's cousin.Haller was born in Jurczyce...
Blue ArmyBlue ArmyThe Blue Army, or Haller's Army, are informal names given to the Polish Army units formed in France during the later stages of World War I. The army was created in June 1917 as part of the Polish units allied to the Entente. After the Great War ended, the units were transferred to Poland, where...
armed forces, Czersk return to Poland after Partitions of Poland and Prussian annexation and dominationDomination-Books:* The Domination, an alternate history / science-fiction / alternate reality fictional, by S. M. Stirling.-Music:* Dominant , a diatonic scale step and diatonic function in tonal music theory...
; - July 1, 1926 r. – Czersk receive from the than Polish Government the City rights;
- September 1, 1939–February 21, 1945 – Second World War with the period of Nazi occupation (harassment, killing, executions and murders of citizens of Czersk and surrounding terrains, murders of the elite, political and administrative personnel). Establishment of armed partisanPolish resistance movement in World War IIThe Polish resistance movement in World War II, with the Home Army at its forefront, was the largest underground resistance in all of Nazi-occupied Europe, covering both German and Soviet zones of occupation. The Polish defence against the Nazi occupation was an important part of the European...
formation, undercover operation of very poorly armed resistance groupsPolish resistance movement in World War IIThe Polish resistance movement in World War II, with the Home Army at its forefront, was the largest underground resistance in all of Nazi-occupied Europe, covering both German and Soviet zones of occupation. The Polish defence against the Nazi occupation was an important part of the European...
; - February 21, 1945 – Entry of Red ArmyRed ArmyThe Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
to Czersk, end of Hitler's Nazi occupationMilitary occupationMilitary occupation occurs when the control and authority over a territory passes to a hostile army. The territory then becomes occupied territory.-Military occupation and the laws of war:...
; - May 27, 1990 – First after II World War alleged democratic election with self-determination of Czersk community;
- 1994–2002 – Construction of new center of commerce around J.OstrowskiOstrowski-People:* Alexander Ostrowski, a German - Swiss mathematician, born in a Jewish family from Ukraine* Antoni Jan Ostrowski, a Polish nobleman and military figure* Cezary Ostrowski, a Polish composer* Frank Ostrowski, a German programmer...
street; - January 19, 2001 – Completion of 400 seats Sport's arenaArenaAn arena is an enclosed area, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theater, musical performances, or sporting events. It is composed of a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for spectators. The key feature of an arena is that the event space is the...
HallHallIn architecture, a hall is fundamentally a relatively large space enclosed by a roof and walls. In the Iron Age, a mead hall was such a simple building and was the residence of a lord and his retainers...
named after R. Bruski; - Starting from 1990 – Systematic development of modern infrastructure (potable water system, sewerSanitary sewerA sanitary sewer is a separate underground carriage system specifically for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings to treatment or disposal. Sanitary sewers serving industrial areas also carry industrial wastewater...
system and wastewaterWastewaterWastewater is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste discharged by domestic residences, commercial properties, industry, and/or agriculture and can encompass a wide range of potential contaminants and concentrations...
treatment plants (Czersk and RytelRytelRytel is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately west of Czersk, east of Chojnice, and south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk....
), heating gas distribution, development of modern road system, modernisation of railroad);