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Aire urbaine
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The aire urbaine is an INSEE (the national statistics office of France) statistical region comprising a couronne périurbaine commuter belt around a contiguous pôle urbain (urban core). As it is specifically defined by statistical criteria, it is similar--though not identical--to the more general term of "metropolitan area" used in English.
The aire urbaine is a demographic unit the result of a quite literal methodology: drawn upon France's nation-wide map of interlocking commune municipalities, the aire urbaine has for its centre a pôle urbain (similar to a unité urbaine ("urban unit") - see note below) core of communes containing an interconnecting and unbroken urban growth; this centre forms a "pole of attraction" for a couronne périurbaine ("periurban ring" or commuter belt) communes having at least 40% of their resident populations commuting with the pôle urbain, or with other communes having the same relation to the pôle urbain.
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Encyclopedia
The aire urbaine is an INSEE (the national statistics office of France) statistical region comprising a couronne périurbaine commuter belt around a contiguous pôle urbain (urban core). As it is specifically defined by statistical criteria, it is similar--though not identical--to the more general term of "metropolitan area" used in English.
The aire urbaine is a demographic unit the result of a quite literal methodology: drawn upon France's nation-wide map of interlocking commune municipalities, the aire urbaine has for its centre a pôle urbain (similar to a unité urbaine ("urban unit") - see note below) core of communes containing an interconnecting and unbroken urban growth; this centre forms a "pole of attraction" for a couronne périurbaine ("periurban ring" or commuter belt) communes having at least 40% of their resident populations commuting with the pôle urbain, or with other communes having the same relation to the pôle urbain. The result is a precise demographic map of a) a centre of urban growth and b) its socio-economic reach into the surrounding area.
Note: There is a slight difference between a unité urbaine and a pôle urbain : the basic unité urbaine is a contiguous urban growth containing at least 5,000 jobs, and the pôle urbain is the same as a centre of demographic growth; that is to say it is an urban area that it is not contained within the couronne périurbaine (commuter belt) of any other pôle urbain.
The following is a list of the fifteen largest aires urbaines of France based on population at the 1999 census:
Aire urbaine
| Population
(March 1999)
| Yearly percent change
(1990-1999)
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01- Paris
| 11,174,743
| +0.32%
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02- Lyon
| 1,648,216
| +0.68%
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03- Marseille
| 1,516,340
| +0.46%
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04- Lille
(figures do not include the part of Lille's
metropolitan area which lies on Belgian territory)
1,143,125
| +0.32%
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05- Toulouse
| 964,797
| +1.54%
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06- Nice
| 933,080
| +0.51%
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07- Bordeaux
| 925,253
| +0.67%
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08- Nantes
| 711,120
| +1.10%
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09- Strasbourg
(figures do not include the part of Strasbourg's
metropolitan area which lies on German territory, see Eurodistrict)
612,104
| +0.81%
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10- Toulon
| 564,823
| +0.69%
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11- Douai-Lens
| 552,682
| – 0.17%
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12- Rennes
| 521,188
| +1.32%
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13- Rouen
| 518,316
| +0.29%
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14- Grenoble
| 514,559
| +0.65%
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15- Montpellier
| 459,916
| +1.89%
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See also
External links
- of the introduction and first chapter of Éric Maurin's book : Le ghetto français, enquête sur le séparatisme social
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