Abu Abdallah Mohammed II Saadi
Encyclopedia
Abu Abdallah Mohammed II, Al-Mutawakkil, often simply Abdallah Mohammed (reigned 1574–1576, died in 1578) was the oldest son of Abdallah al-Ghalib
and became the sultan
of Morocco
after his father's death.
Immediately after his accession to the throne he had one of his brothers executed and another (Mulay en-Naser the governor of Tadla) imprisoned.
His uncle Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I, who was like Abdallah al-Ghalib
a son of Mohammed ash-Sheikh
, had already fled to the Ottoman Empire
in Constantinople
in 1574. Back in Ottoman Algeria
, Al-Malik succeeded in organising his own army, consisting of Ottoman
soldiers, and in 1576 he invaded Morocco conquered Fez
from his nephew, in the Capture of Fez
. The first battle was in al-Rukn in the lands of Banu waritin, near Fez. In a second battle near Salé (Rabat) in Jandaq al-Rayhan, Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I also defeated his nephew. A third battle, also won by Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I, took place in Tarudante.
Both Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I and Abu Abdallah Mohammed II died two years later in the Battle of Alcazarquivir, in 1578. In that battle, Abu Abdallah Mohammed II fought his last battle against his uncle Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I with the help of his Portuguese
allies.
Abdallah al-Ghalib
Abdallah al-Ghalib Billah was the second Saadian sultan of Morocco.He came to power to the throne as the legal heir of Mohammed ash-Sheikh. From his first wife this first Saadian sultan, Mohammed ash-Sheikh had had three sons, but the two oldest had died...
and became the sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
of Morocco
Morocco
Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
after his father's death.
Immediately after his accession to the throne he had one of his brothers executed and another (Mulay en-Naser the governor of Tadla) imprisoned.
His uncle Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I, who was like Abdallah al-Ghalib
Abdallah al-Ghalib
Abdallah al-Ghalib Billah was the second Saadian sultan of Morocco.He came to power to the throne as the legal heir of Mohammed ash-Sheikh. From his first wife this first Saadian sultan, Mohammed ash-Sheikh had had three sons, but the two oldest had died...
a son of Mohammed ash-Sheikh
Mohammed ash-Sheikh
Mawlay Mohammed ash-Sheikh ash Sharif al-Hassani al-Drawi at-Tagmadert was the first sultan of the Saadi dynasty ruling over Morocco . "Al-Drawi at-Tagmadert" means: the man from the Draa river valley, from Tagmadert. He was particularly successful in expelling the Portuguese from most of their...
, had already fled to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
in Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
in 1574. Back in Ottoman Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
, Al-Malik succeeded in organising his own army, consisting of Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
soldiers, and in 1576 he invaded Morocco conquered Fez
Fes, Morocco
Fes or Fez is the second largest city of Morocco, after Casablanca, with a population of approximately 1 million . It is the capital of the Fès-Boulemane region....
from his nephew, in the Capture of Fez
Capture of Fez
The Capture of Fez occurred in 1576 at the Moroccan city of Fez, when an Ottoman Empire force from Algiers supported Abd al-Malek in gaining the throne of Morocco against his nephew and rival claimant Mulay Muhammed. About 10,000 Ottoman soldiers participated to the campaign...
. The first battle was in al-Rukn in the lands of Banu waritin, near Fez. In a second battle near Salé (Rabat) in Jandaq al-Rayhan, Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I also defeated his nephew. A third battle, also won by Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I, took place in Tarudante.
Both Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I and Abu Abdallah Mohammed II died two years later in the Battle of Alcazarquivir, in 1578. In that battle, Abu Abdallah Mohammed II fought his last battle against his uncle Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I with the help of his Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
allies.
See also
- List of rulers of Morocco
- History of MoroccoHistory of MoroccoThe History of Morocco spans over 12 centuries, without considering the Classical antiquity. The country was first unified by the Idrisid dynasty in 780, representing the first Islamic state in Africa autonomous from the Arab Empire. Under the Almoravid dynasty and the Almohad dynasty, Morocco...
- Saadi dynastySaadi DynastyThe Saadi dynasty of Morocco , began with the reign of Sultan Mohammed ash-Sheikh in 1554, when he vanquished the last Wattasids at the Battle of Tadla....