1994 in art
Encyclopedia
Events
- 12 February – Edvard MunchEdvard MunchEdvard Munch was a Norwegian Symbolist painter, printmaker and an important forerunner of expressionist art. His best-known composition, The Scream, is part of a series The Frieze of Life, in which Munch explored the themes of love, fear, death, melancholia, and anxiety.- Childhood :Edvard Munch...
's painting "The ScreamThe ScreamScream is the title of Expressionist paintings and prints in a series by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch, showing an agonized figure against a blood red sky...
" is stolen in OsloOsloOslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
(and is recovered on 7 May). - 8 April – MichelangeloMichelangeloMichelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art...
's Universal JudgementSistine ChapelSistine Chapel is the best-known chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope in Vatican City. It is famous for its architecture and its decoration that was frescoed throughout by Renaissance artists including Michelangelo, Sandro Botticelli, Pietro Perugino, Pinturicchio...
is reopened to public after 10 years of restorations.
Awards
- Archibald PrizeArchibald PrizeThe Archibald Prize is regarded as the most important portraiture prize in Australia. It was first awarded in 1921 after a bequest from J. F. Archibald, the editor of The Bulletin who died in 1919...
: Francis GiaccoFrancis GiaccoFrancis Giacco is an Australian artist who won the Archibald Prize in 1994 with Homage to John Reichard. Has a Bachelor of Architecture from the UNSW. Francis has been a long time teacher at the Julian Ashton Art School, The Rocks, Sydney...
– Homage to John Reichard - Turner PrizeTurner PrizeThe Turner Prize, named after the painter J. M. W. Turner, is an annual prize presented to a British visual artist under the age of 50. Awarding the prize is organised by the Tate gallery and staged at Tate Britain. Since its beginnings in 1984 it has become the United Kingdom's most publicised...
: Antony GormleyAntony GormleyAntony Mark David Gormley OBE RA is a British sculptor. His best known works include the Angel of the North, a public sculpture in the North of England, commissioned in 1995 and erected in February 1998, Another Place on Crosby Beach near Liverpool, and Event Horizon, a multi-part site...
January to June
- 6 February – Jack KirbyJack KirbyJack Kirby , born Jacob Kurtzberg, was an American comic book artist, writer and editor regarded by historians and fans as one of the major innovators and most influential creators in the comic book medium....
, American comic bookComic bookA comic book or comicbook is a magazine made up of comics, narrative artwork in the form of separate panels that represent individual scenes, often accompanied by dialog as well as including...
artistArtistAn artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
, writer and editorEditingEditing is the process of selecting and preparing written, visual, audible, and film media used to convey information through the processes of correction, condensation, organization, and other modifications performed with an intention of producing a correct, consistent, accurate, and complete...
(b. 19171917 in art-Events:*January - A drunken Amedeo Modigliani is ejected from a party for Georges Braque, by the hostess, Marie Vassilieff.*January 29 - Rodin marries his mistress, Rose Beuret; she dies two weeks later.*Eric Kennington, William Orpen, C. R. W...
). - 11 February – Max LeognanyMax LeognanyMax Leognany was a French artist.He grew up in Yport-sur-Mer, and as a young man entered the École des Beaux-Arts ....
, French artistArtistAn artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
(b. 19131913 in art-Events:* February 17 - The Armory Show opens in New York City. It displays works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century* The London Group formed and holds its first exhibition...
). - 12 February – Donald JuddDonald JuddDonald Clarence Judd was an American artist associated with minimalism . In his work, Judd sought autonomy and clarity for the constructed object and the space created by it, ultimately achieving a rigorously democratic presentation without compositional hierarchy...
, American sculptor (b. 19281928 in art-Events:*January 7 - The Tate Gallery, London, is flooded by the River Thames.*August - Ben Nicholson and Kit Wood visit St. Ives, Cornwall, and meet the ex-fisherman painter Alfred Wallis....
). - 22 March – Walter LantzWalter LantzWalter Benjamin Lantz was an American cartoonist, animator, film producer, and director, best known for founding Walter Lantz Productions and creating Woody Woodpecker.-Early years and start in animation:...
, American cartoonistCartoonistA cartoonist is a person who specializes in drawing cartoons. This work is usually humorous, mainly created for entertainment, political commentary or advertising...
and animatorAnimatorAn animator is an artist who creates multiple images that give an illusion of movement called animation when displayed in rapid sequence; the images are called frames and key frames. Animators can work in a variety of fields including film, television, video games, and the internet. Usually, an...
(b. 18991899 in art-Works:*Pierre Bonnard - Little Girl with a Cat*Jules Dalou - Monument à Alphand*Paul Gauguin - Two Women*William Harnett - Violin*Peder Severin Krøyer - Summer evening by Skagen's beach. Artist and his wife...
). - 1 April – Robert DoisneauRobert DoisneauRobert Doisneau was a French photographer. In the 1930s he used a Leica on the streets of Paris; together with Henri Cartier-Bresson he was a pioneer of photojournalism...
, FrenchFrench peopleThe French are a nation that share a common French culture and speak the French language as a mother tongue. Historically, the French population are descended from peoples of Celtic, Latin and Germanic origin, and are today a mixture of several ethnic groups...
photographer (b. 19121912 in art-Events:*Jean Metzinger and Albert Gleizes publish the first major treatise on Cubism, entitled Du Cubisme.*William Zorach marries Marguerite Thompson.*René Lalique stages his first exhibit of his glasswares — as does Maurice Marinot....
). - 14 April – Jean JoyetJean JoyetJean Joyet was a French painter of the School of Paris, born 21 June 1919 in Saint Victurnien and dead 14 April 1994.Married to Marcelle Deloron, painter too, he was linked to other painters of the "Young Picture of the School of Paris" and chiefly to Louis Vuillermoz, Jean-Pierre Alaux and Maurice...
, French artistArtistAn artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
(b. 19191919 in art-Events:* Walter Gropius founds the Bauhaus.* Seven and Five Society established in London.-Works:*Evelyn De Morgan - The Gilded Cage*Aleksandra Ekster - City at Night*Max Ernst - Aquis Submersus...
). - 7 May – Clement GreenbergClement GreenbergClement Greenberg was an American essayist known mainly as an influential visual art critic closely associated with American Modern art of the mid-20th century...
, American art criticArt criticAn art critic is a person who specializes in evaluating art. Their written critiques, or reviews, are published in newspapers, magazines, books and on web sites...
(b. 19091909 in art-Events:*Guillaume Apollinaire's first book of poetry is illustrated with woodcuts by André Derain.*Pablo Picasso and George Braque create the first works of analytical cubism.-Works:*Lawrence Alma-Tadema - A Favourite Custom...
). - 12 May – Sir Alfred Beit, 2nd BaronetSir Alfred Beit, 2nd BaronetSir Alfred Lane Beit, 2nd Baronet was a British Conservative Party politician, art collector and philanthropist and honorary Irish citizen.-Family background:...
, British politicianPoliticianA politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, art collector and philanthropistPhilanthropyPhilanthropy etymologically means "the love of humanity"—love in the sense of caring for, nourishing, developing, or enhancing; humanity in the sense of "what it is to be human," or "human potential." In modern practical terms, it is "private initiatives for public good, focusing on quality of...
and honorary Irish citizen (b. 19031903 in art-Events:*Isadora Duncan develops free dance, a dance technique influenced by the ancient Greeks and the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche.*With the support of Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Jacques Villon, Auguste Rodin and others, the first Salon d'Automne opens in Paris as a reaction to the conservatism...
).
July to September
- 20 July – Paul DelvauxPaul DelvauxPaul Delvaux was a Belgian painter, associated with Surrealism, famous for his paintings of female nudes.-Biography:...
, Belgian painterPaintingPainting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
(b. 18971897 in art-Works:*Paul Gauguin - Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?*Jean-Jacques Henner - Portrait of Mlle Fouquier*Camille Pissarro - Boulevard Montmartre*Maurice Prendergast - Summer Visitors...
). - 16 August – Henry GeldzahlerHenry GeldzahlerHenry Geldzahler was a curator of contemporary art in the late 20th century, as well as a modern art art historian and art critic...
, American museum curatorCuratorA curator is a manager or overseer. Traditionally, a curator or keeper of a cultural heritage institution is a content specialist responsible for an institution's collections and involved with the interpretation of heritage material...
, (b. 19351935 in art-Works:*Pierre Bonnard - Nude in the Bathtub*Fernand Léger - Two Sisters*L. S. Lowry - *René Magritte -**The Discovery of Fire**The Portrait*Paul Nash - -Births:*19 August - Victor Ambrus, illustrator....
) - September – Bruce ArissBruce ArissBruce Wallace Ariss, Jr. was an American artist and writer.-Life:Bruce Ariss has been influential in Monterey, California, where a street and theatre have been named after him. In addition, he has numerous murals there, at least some of which were 1930s Works Progress Administration projects...
, American artistArtistAn artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
(b. 19111911 in art-Events:*February 2 – First issue of Franz Pfemfert's Die Aktion*May 11 – A Futurist exhibition in Milan is the first of efforts by the group to make its theories concrete*August 21 – Mona Lisa stolen from the Musée du Louvre...
). - 4 November – Sam FrancisSam FrancisSamuel Lewis Francis was an American painter and printmaker.-Early life:...
, American painterPaintingPainting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
and printmaker (b. 19231923 in art-Works:*Max Beckmann - Dance in Baden-Baden*Constantin Brâncuşi - Bird in Space*Felice Casorati - Meriggio *Marcel Duchamp - The Bride Stripped Bare By Her Bachelors, Even is completed*Auguste Herbin - Bowls Players...
). - 20 November – UmañaUmañaRafael Alfonso Umaña Mendez , known to most as Umaña, created art for seven decades in New York, France, Spain, Florida, and Virginia, mastering numerous media including textiles; sculpture in marble, silver, and iron; painting and drawings in oil, watercolor, pencil, silver- and goldpoint;...
, ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
n artist (b. 19081908 in art-Events:*Hugh Lane founds the Dublin City Gallery.*Paul Ranson founds the Académie Ranson in Paris.*Allied Artists' Association holds its first exhibition, at the Royal Albert Hall in London....
). - 31 December – Leigh BoweryLeigh BoweryLeigh Bowery was an Australian performance artist, club promoter, actor, pop star, model and fashion designer, based in London. Bowery is considered one of the more influential figures in the 1980s and 1990s London and New York art and fashion circles influencing a generation of artists and...
, Australian performance artPerformance artIn art, performance art is a performance presented to an audience, traditionally interdisciplinary. Performance may be either scripted or unscripted, random or carefully orchestrated; spontaneous or otherwise carefully planned with or without audience participation. The performance can be live or...
ist, club promoterPromoter (entertainment)An entertainment promoter i.e. music, wrestling, boxing etc is a person or company in the business of marketing and promoting live events such as concerts/gigs, boxing matches, sports entertainment , festivals, raves, and nightclubs.- Business model :Promoters are typically hired as independent...
, actor, model and fashion designer (b. 19611961 in art-Events:* August 21 - Goya's Portrait of the Duke of Wellington is stolen from the National Gallery in London three weeks after first going on display there.-Works:*Jane Frank - Crags and Crevices*David Hockney - We Two Boys Together Clinging...
).