1930s in sociology
Encyclopedia
1930
- Sigmund FreudSigmund FreudSigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...
's Civilization and Its DiscontentsCivilization and Its DiscontentsCivilization and Its Discontents is a book by Sigmund Freud. Written in 1929, and first published in German in 1930 as Das Unbehagen in der Kultur , it is considered one of Freud's most important and widely read works....
is published. - Maurice HalbwachsMaurice HalbwachsMaurice Halbwachs was a French philosopher and sociologist known for developing the concept of collective memory.Born in Reims, Halbwachs attended the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. There he studied philosophy with Henri Bergson, who influenced him greatly. He aggregated in Philosophy in 1901...
' The Causes of Suicide is published. - Robert RedfieldRobert RedfieldRobert Redfield was an American anthropologist and ethnolinguist. Redfield graduated from the University of Chicago, eventually with a J.D. from its law school and then a Ph.D. in cultural anthropology, which he began to teach in 1927...
's Tepozltan: Life in a Mexican Village is published. - Clifford Shaw's The Jack Roller: A Delinquent Boy's Own Story is published.
- Pitirim SorokinPitirim SorokinPitirim Alexandrovich Sorokin was a Russian-American sociologist born in Komi . Academic and political activist in Russia, he emigrated from Russia to the United States in 1923. He founded the Department of Sociology at Harvard University. He was a vocal opponent of Talcott Parsons' theories...
's Rural SociologyRural sociologyRural sociology is a field of sociology associated with the study of social life in non-metropolitan areas. It is the scientific study of social arrangements and behaviour amongst people distanced from points of concentrated population or economic activity...
is published. - Leon TrotskyLeon TrotskyLeon Trotsky , born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army....
's History of the Russian RevolutionHistory of the Russian RevolutionThe History of the Russian Revolution by Leon Trotsky is a 3 volume book on the Russian Revolution of 1917, first published in 1932, translated into English by Max Eastman...
is published. - Founding of The Frankfurt School
- Howard W. Obum serves as President of the ASAAmerican Sociological AssociationThe American Sociological Association , founded in 1905 as the American Sociological Society , is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology by serving sociologists in their work and promoting their contributions to serve society.The ASA holds its...
1931
- Marc BlochMarc BlochMarc Léopold Benjamin Bloch was a French historian who cofounded the highly influential Annales School of French social history. Bloch was a quintessential modernist. An assimilated Alsatian Jew from an academic family in Paris, he was deeply affected in his youth by the Dreyfus Affair...
's French Rural History is published. - Hans FreyerHans FreyerHans Freyer, born July 31, 1887 in Leipzig, died January 18, 1969 in Ebersteinburg near Baden-Baden, was a conservative German sociologist and philosopher.-Life:...
's Revolution of Right is published. - Robert Morrison MacIverRobert Morrison MacIverRobert Morrison MacIver was a U.S. sociologist.MacIver was born in Stornoway, Isle of Lewis, Scotland to Donald MacIver, a general merchant and tweed manufacturer, and Christina MacIver . On 14 August 1911 he was married to Elizabeth Marion Peterkin...
's SociologySociologySociology is the study of society. It is a social science—a term with which it is sometimes synonymous—which uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about human social activity...
is published. - Alfred Radcliffe-BrownAlfred Radcliffe-BrownAlfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown was an English social anthropologist who developed the theory of Structural Functionalism.- Biography :...
's Social organization of Australian tribes is published. - R.H. Tawney's Equality is published.
- Emory S. BogardusEmory S. BogardusEmory S. Bogardus was a prominent figure in the history of American sociology...
serves as president of the ASAAmerican Sociological AssociationThe American Sociological Association , founded in 1905 as the American Sociological Society , is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology by serving sociologists in their work and promoting their contributions to serve society.The ASA holds its...
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Deaths
- April 26: George Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert Mead was an American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist, primarily affiliated with the University of Chicago, where he was one of several distinguished pragmatists. He is regarded as one of the founders of social psychology and the American sociological tradition in general.-...
- June 11: Franklin H. Giddings
- December 13: Gustave Le BonGustave Le BonGustave Le Bon was a French social psychologist, sociologist, and amateur physicist...
1932
- Henri BergsonHenri BergsonHenri-Louis Bergson was a major French philosopher, influential especially in the first half of the 20th century. Bergson convinced many thinkers that immediate experience and intuition are more significant than rationalism and science for understanding reality.He was awarded the 1927 Nobel Prize...
's The Two Sources of Morality and Religion is published. - George Elton Mayo's Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization is published.
- Alfred Radcliffe-BrownAlfred Radcliffe-BrownAlfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown was an English social anthropologist who developed the theory of Structural Functionalism.- Biography :...
's Social organization of Australian tribes is published. - R. H. TawneyR. H. TawneyRichard Henry Tawney was an English economic historian, social critic, Christian socialist, and an important proponent of adult education....
's Land and Labour in China is published. - Beatrice WebbBeatrice WebbMartha Beatrice Webb, Lady Passfield was an English sociologist, economist, socialist and social reformer. Although her husband became Baron Passfield in 1929, she refused to be known as Lady Passfield...
's and Sidney Webb's Methods of Social Study is published.
1933
- Alexander Carr-SaundersAlexander Carr-SaundersSir Alexander Morris Carr-Saunders, KBE, FBA was an English biologist and sociologist.Carr-Saunders was born in Reigate, Surrey and educated at Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford where he gained a 1st in zoology in 1908...
' The Professions is published. - Friedrich HayekFriedrich HayekFriedrich August Hayek CH , born in Austria-Hungary as Friedrich August von Hayek, was an economist and philosopher best known for his defense of classical liberalism and free-market capitalism against socialist and collectivist thought...
's Monetary Theory and the Trade Cycle is published. - William F. Ogburn's Recent Social Trends in the United States is published.
- Nazi party comes to power in Germany, many intellectuals flee, Ferdinand TonniesFerdinand TönniesFerdinand Tönnies was a German sociologist. He was a major contributor to sociological theory and field studies, best known for his distinction between two types of social groups, Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft...
is forced out his post as president of the German Society for SociologyGerman Society for SociologyThe German Sociological Association organizes social scientists in Germany. It was founded January 3, 1909, at Berlin by its initiators Rudolf Goldscheid , Ferdinand Tönnies, Max Weber, Georg Simmel, et al...
and replaced by Hans FreyerHans FreyerHans Freyer, born July 31, 1887 in Leipzig, died January 18, 1969 in Ebersteinburg near Baden-Baden, was a conservative German sociologist and philosopher.-Life:...
1934
- Ruth Fulton Benedict's Patterns of Culture is published.
- Alexander Carr-SaundersAlexander Carr-SaundersSir Alexander Morris Carr-Saunders, KBE, FBA was an English biologist and sociologist.Carr-Saunders was born in Reigate, Surrey and educated at Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford where he gained a 1st in zoology in 1908...
' A Century of Pauperism is published. - Morris GinsbergMorris GinsbergMorris Ginsberg was a UK sociologist. He was president of the Aristotelian Society from 1942 to 1943. Ginsberg helped draft the UNESCO 1950 statement titled The Race Question...
's SociologySociologySociology is the study of society. It is a social science—a term with which it is sometimes synonymous—which uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about human social activity...
is published. - George Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert Mead was an American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist, primarily affiliated with the University of Chicago, where he was one of several distinguished pragmatists. He is regarded as one of the founders of social psychology and the American sociological tradition in general.-...
's Mind, Self and Society is published. - Hans FreyerHans FreyerHans Freyer, born July 31, 1887 in Leipzig, died January 18, 1969 in Ebersteinburg near Baden-Baden, was a conservative German sociologist and philosopher.-Life:...
suspends the activity of the German Society for SociologyGerman Society for SociologyThe German Sociological Association organizes social scientists in Germany. It was founded January 3, 1909, at Berlin by its initiators Rudolf Goldscheid , Ferdinand Tönnies, Max Weber, Georg Simmel, et al...
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1935
- Antonio GramsciAntonio GramsciAntonio Gramsci was an Italian writer, politician, political philosopher, and linguist. He was a founding member and onetime leader of the Communist Party of Italy and was imprisoned by Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime...
's The Prison Notebooks are published. - Harold LasswellHarold LasswellHarold Dwight Lasswell was a leading American political scientist and communications theorist. He was a member of the Chicago school of sociology and was a professor at Yale University in law. He was a President of the American Political Science Association and World Academy of Art and Science...
's Politics: Who Gets What, When, How is published. - Helen Merrell Lynd's Middletown: A study in Cultural Conflicts is published.
- Bronislaw MalinowskiBronislaw MalinowskiBronisław Kasper Malinowski was a Polish-born- British-naturalized anthropologist, one of the most important 20th-century anthropologists.From 1910, Malinowski studied exchange and economics at the London School of Economics under Seligman and Westermarck, analysing patterns of exchange in...
's Coral Gardens and their MagicCoral Gardens and their MagicCoral Gardens and Their Magic, properly Coral Gardens and Their Magic: A Study of the Methods of Tilling the Soil and of Agricultural Rites in the Trobriand Islands, is the final book in anthropologist Bronisław Malinowski's ethnographic trilogy on the lives of the Trobriand Islanders...
is published. - Karl MannheimKarl MannheimKarl Mannheim , or Károly Mannheim in the original writing of his name, was a Jewish Hungarian-born sociologist, influential in the first half of the 20th century and one of the founding fathers of classical sociology and a founder of the sociology of knowledge.-Life:Mannheim studied in Budapest,...
's Man and Society in an Age of Reconstruction is published. - Margaret MeadMargaret MeadMargaret Mead was an American cultural anthropologist, who was frequently a featured writer and speaker in the mass media throughout the 1960s and 1970s....
's Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies is published. - Ferdinand TönniesFerdinand TönniesFerdinand Tönnies was a German sociologist. He was a major contributor to sociological theory and field studies, best known for his distinction between two types of social groups, Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft...
' Geist der Neuzeit is published. - Alfred WeberAlfred WeberAlfred Weber was a German economist, sociologist and theoretician of culture whose work was influential in the development of modern economic geography.-Life:...
's Cultural History as Cultural Sociology is published. - Sidney Webb's and Beatrice WebbBeatrice WebbMartha Beatrice Webb, Lady Passfield was an English sociologist, economist, socialist and social reformer. Although her husband became Baron Passfield in 1929, she refused to be known as Lady Passfield...
's Soviet communism : a new civilisation ? is published.
1936
- Gaetano MoscaGaetano MoscaGaetano Mosca was an Italian political scientist, journalist and public servant. He is credited with developing the Theory of Elitism and the doctrine of the Political class and is one of the three members constituting the Italian School of Elitists together with Vilfredo Pareto and Robert...
's History of Political Doctrines is published. - William F. Ogburn's The Social Effects of Aviation is published.
- Robert E. ParkRobert E. ParkRobert Ezra Park was an American urban sociologist, one of the main founders of the original Chicago School of sociology.-Life:...
's Human EcologyHuman ecologyHuman ecology is the subdiscipline of ecology that focuses on humans. More broadly, it is an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary study of the relationship between humans and their natural, social, and built environments. The term 'human ecology' first appeared in a sociological study in 1921...
is published. - Edwin SutherlandEdwin SutherlandEdwin H. Sutherland was an American sociologist. He is considered as one of the most influential criminologists of the twentieth century...
's and H.J. Locke's 24,000 Homeless Men - Edward Alexander Westermarck's The Future of Marriage in Western Civilisation is published.
- Ideology and Utopia, by Louis WirthLouis WirthLouis Wirth was an American sociologist and member of the Chicago school of sociology.-Life:Louis Wirth was born in the small village of Gemünden in the Hunsrück, Germany. He was one of seven children born to Rosalie Lorig and Joseph Wirth. Gemünden was a pastoral community, and Joseph Wirth...
and Karl MannheimKarl MannheimKarl Mannheim , or Károly Mannheim in the original writing of his name, was a Jewish Hungarian-born sociologist, influential in the first half of the 20th century and one of the founding fathers of classical sociology and a founder of the sociology of knowledge.-Life:Mannheim studied in Budapest,...
, is published. - Henry P. Fairchild serves as president of the ASAAmerican Sociological AssociationThe American Sociological Association , founded in 1905 as the American Sociological Society , is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology by serving sociologists in their work and promoting their contributions to serve society.The ASA holds its...
. - The ASAAmerican Sociological AssociationThe American Sociological Association , founded in 1905 as the American Sociological Society , is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology by serving sociologists in their work and promoting their contributions to serve society.The ASA holds its...
begin publishing the American Sociological ReviewAmerican Sociological ReviewThe American Sociological Review is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of sociology, including new theoretical developments, results of research that advance the understanding of fundamental social processes, and methodological innovations. It is published by SAGE...
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Deaths
- April 9: Ferdinand TönniesFerdinand TönniesFerdinand Tönnies was a German sociologist. He was a major contributor to sociological theory and field studies, best known for his distinction between two types of social groups, Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft...
- April 27: Karl PearsonKarl PearsonKarl Pearson FRS was an influential English mathematician who has been credited for establishing the disciplineof mathematical statistics....
- May 3: Robert MichelsRobert MichelsRobert Michels was a German sociologist who wrote on the political behavior of intellectual elites and contributed to elite theory...
- May 8: Oswald SpenglerOswald SpenglerOswald Manuel Arnold Gottfried Spengler was a German historian and philosopher whose interests also included mathematics, science, and art. He is best known for his book The Decline of the West , published in 1918, which puts forth a cyclical theory of the rise and decline of civilizations...
1937
- Sir Edward Evans-PritchardE. E. Evans-PritchardSir Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard was an English anthropologist who was instrumental in the development of social anthropology...
's Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic among the Azande are published. - Talcott ParsonsTalcott ParsonsTalcott Parsons was an American sociologist who served on the faculty of Harvard University from 1927 to 1973....
' The Structure of Social Action is published. - Leon TrotskyLeon TrotskyLeon Trotsky , born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army....
's The Revolution BetrayedThe Revolution BetrayedThe Revolution Betrayed: What Is the Soviet Union and Where Is It Going? is a book by the Russian Bolshevik leader Leon Trotsky, published in 1937, analyzing and criticizing Stalinism and the post-Lenin development in the Soviet Union....
is published. - William Lloyd Warner's A Black Civilization: A Social Study of an Australian Tribe is published.
1938
- Chester BarnardChester BarnardChester Irving Barnard was an American business executive, public administrator, and the author of pioneering work in management theory and organizational studies. His landmark 1938 book, Functions of the Executive, sets out a theory of organization and of the functions of executives in...
's The Functions of the Executive is published. - Johann Huizinga's Homo LudensHomo LudensHomo Ludens or "Man the Player" is a book written in 1938 by Dutch historian, cultural theorist and professor Johan Huizinga.It discusses the importance of the play element of culture and society....
is published. - Serafin N. Macaraig's An Introduction to Sociology is published.
- Thomas Humphrey MarshallThomas Humphrey MarshallThomas Humphrey Marshall was a British sociologist, most noted for his essays, such as the essay collection Citizenship and Social Class.He was born in 1893 and educated at Rugby School, and Trinity College, Cambridge University...
's Class Conflict and Social Stratification is published. - Thomas Humphrey MarshallThomas Humphrey MarshallThomas Humphrey Marshall was a British sociologist, most noted for his essays, such as the essay collection Citizenship and Social Class.He was born in 1893 and educated at Rugby School, and Trinity College, Cambridge University...
's The Population Problem: The Experts and the Public is published. - Robert K. MertonRobert K. MertonRobert King Merton was a distinguished American sociologist. He spent most of his career teaching at Columbia University, where he attained the rank of University Professor...
's Social Structure and Anomie is published. - Werner SombartWerner SombartWerner Sombart was a German economist and sociologist, the head of the “Youngest Historical School” and one of the leading Continental European social scientists during the first quarter of the 20th century....
's Vom Menschen is published. - Richard TitmussRichard TitmussRichard Morris Titmuss was a pioneering British social researcher and teacher. He founded the academic discipline of Social Administration and held the founding chair in the subject at the London School of Economics.His books and articles of the 1950s helped to define the characteristics of...
's Poverty and Population is published. - Louis WirthLouis WirthLouis Wirth was an American sociologist and member of the Chicago school of sociology.-Life:Louis Wirth was born in the small village of Gemünden in the Hunsrück, Germany. He was one of seven children born to Rosalie Lorig and Joseph Wirth. Gemünden was a pastoral community, and Joseph Wirth...
's Urbanism as a way of life is published. - Frank H. HankinsFrank H. HankinsFrank Hamilton Hankins was an American sociologist and anthropologist who was the president of the American Sociological Society in 1938. He wrote the book The Racial Basis of Civilization which was critical of Nordic theory.- References :...
serves as president of the ASAAmerican Sociological AssociationThe American Sociological Association , founded in 1905 as the American Sociological Society , is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology by serving sociologists in their work and promoting their contributions to serve society.The ASA holds its...
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1939
- Walter BenjaminWalter BenjaminWalter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin was a German-Jewish intellectual, who functioned variously as a literary critic, philosopher, sociologist, translator, radio broadcaster and essayist...
's The Work of Art in the Age of its Technological Reproductibility is published. - Ruth Durant's Watling: A Social Survey is published.
- Norbert EliasNorbert EliasNorbert Elias was a German sociologist of Jewish descent, who later became a British citizen.-Biography:...
' The Civilizing ProcessThe Civilizing ProcessThe book The Civilizing Process written by German sociologist Norbert Elias is an influential work in sociology and Elias' most important work. It was first published in 1939 in German as Über den Prozeß der Zivilisation. Because of the World War it was virtually ignored, but republished in the...
is published. - Fei XiaotongFei XiaotongFei Xiaotong, or Fei Hsiao-Tung was a pioneering Chinese researcher and professor of sociology and anthropology; he was also noted for his studies in the study of China's ethnic groups as well as a social activist...
's Peasant Life in China: A Field Study of Country Life in the Yangtze Valley is publlished. - Edward Franklin FrazierE. Franklin FrazierEdward Franklin Frazier , was an American sociologist. His 1932 Ph.D. dissertation The Negro Family in Chicago, later released as a book The Negro Family in the United States in 1939, analyzed the cultural and historical forces that influenced the development of the African American family from the...
's The Negro Family in the United States is published. - Sigmund FreudSigmund FreudSigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...
's Moses and MonotheismMoses and MonotheismMoses and Monotheism, 1939 by Sigmund Freud, ISBN 978-0394700144 is a book where Freud hypothesizes that Moses was not Jewish, but actually born into Ancient Egyptian nobility and was perhaps a follower of Akhenaten, an ancient Egyptian monotheist, or perhaps Akhenaten himself...
is published. - Alfred Radcliffe-BrownAlfred Radcliffe-BrownAlfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown was an English social anthropologist who developed the theory of Structural Functionalism.- Biography :...
's TabooTabooA taboo is a strong social prohibition relating to any area of human activity or social custom that is sacred and or forbidden based on moral judgment, religious beliefs and or scientific consensus. Breaking the taboo is usually considered objectionable or abhorrent by society...
is published. - George LundbergGeorge A. LundbergGeorge Andrew Lundberg was an American sociologist.-Biography:...
's Foundations of Sociology is published. - Joseph SchumpeterJoseph SchumpeterJoseph Alois Schumpeter was an Austrian-Hungarian-American economist and political scientist. He popularized the term "creative destruction" in economics.-Life:...
's Business Cycles is published. - Richard TitmussRichard TitmussRichard Morris Titmuss was a pioneering British social researcher and teacher. He founded the academic discipline of Social Administration and held the founding chair in the subject at the London School of Economics.His books and articles of the 1950s helped to define the characteristics of...
' Our Food Problem is published.