1866 in Wales
Encyclopedia
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1866 to Wales
and its people
.
Wales
Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
and its people
Welsh people
The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have...
.
Incumbents
- Prince of WalesPrince of WalesPrince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
— The Prince Albert EdwardEdward VII of the United KingdomEdward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
, son of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom - Princess of WalesPrincess of WalesPrincess of Wales is a British courtesy title held by the wife of The Prince of Wales since the first "English" Prince of Wales in 1283.Although there have been considerably more than ten male heirs to the throne, there have been only ten Princesses of Wales. The majority of Princes of Wales...
— Alexandra of DenmarkAlexandra of DenmarkAlexandra of Denmark was the wife of Edward VII of the United Kingdom...
Events
- 31 March — The last public execution in Wales takes place as Robert Coe is hanged in SwanseaSwanseaSwansea is a coastal city and county in Wales. Swansea is in the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. Situated on the sandy South West Wales coast, the county area includes the Gower Peninsula and the Lliw uplands...
- 6 September — Six people are killed in a railway derailment near CricciethCricciethCriccieth is a town and community on Cardigan Bay, in the Eifionydd area of Gwynedd in Wales. The town lies west of Porthmadog, east of Pwllheli and south of Caernarfon. It has a population of 1,826....
- Sir George Gilbert ScottGeorge Gilbert ScottSir George Gilbert Scott was an English architect of the Victorian Age, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches, cathedrals and workhouses...
begins work on the renovation of Bangor CathedralBangor CathedralBangor Cathedral is an ancient place of Christian worship situated in Bangor, Gwynedd, north-west Wales. It is dedicated to its founder, Saint Deiniol.... - The song Hen Wlad Fy NhadauHen Wlad Fy NhadauHen Wlad Fy Nhadau is the national anthem of Wales. The title – taken from the first words of the song – means "Old Land of My Fathers", usually rendered in English as simply "Land of My Fathers". The words were written by Evan James and the tune composed by his son, James James, both residents...
— later to become the official national anthemNational anthemA national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nation's government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people.- History :Anthems rose to prominence...
of Wales — is sung for the first time at the National Eisteddfod. - The Baptist Union of WalesBaptist Union of WalesThe Baptist Union of Wales is a fellowship of Baptist churches in Wales.-History:The General Baptist minister Hugh Evans was one of the first Baptists to preach in Wales around 1646, in the parishes of Llan-hir, Cefnllys, Nantmel and Llanddewi Ystradenny, as well as in districts across the upper...
is established. - The Pembroke and Tenby Railway is extended to WhitlandWhitlandWhitland is a small town in Carmarthenshire, south-west Wales, lying on the River Tâf. Whitland is home to the elusive "Whitland Trout" noted for its eggs and oily scales.- History :...
. - Edward Gordon Douglas is created Baron Penrhyn.
- Launch of Yr AustralyddYr AustralyddYr Australydd was an Australian monthly newspaper in the Welsh language published in Victoria between 1866 and 1872. Its name translates as The Australian....
, a Welsh-language newspaper, in Victoria, Australia.
Awards
- The National Eisteddfod of WalesNational Eisteddfod of WalesThe National Eisteddfod of Wales is the most important of several eisteddfodau that are held annually, mostly in Wales.- Organisation :...
is held at Chester in England.- The harpist William FrostWilliam FrostWilliam Frost was a Welsh amateur aviator, who, some believe, made a manned flight of considerable distance in a winged powered flying machine of his own design....
is awarded a pedal harp by Pencerdd GwaliaJohn Thomas (harpist)John Thomas was a Welsh composer and harpist. The bardic name Pencerdd Gwalia was conferred on him at the 1861 Aberdare Eisteddfod....
- The harpist William Frost
New books
- Richard Davies (Mynyddog)Richard Davies (Mynyddog)Richard Davies was a popular Welsh language poet.He was born in Llanbrynmair, Montgomeryshire, in a house called "Y Fron"....
— Caneuon Mynyddog - Roger Edwards — Y Tri Brawd
- Rees Howell GronowRees Howell GronowRees Howell Gronow , "Captain Gronow", was a Welsh Grenadier Guards officer, an unsuccessful parliamentarian, a dandy and a writer of celebrated reminiscences.-Origins and education:...
— Last Recollections - William Rees (Gwilym Hiraethog)William Rees (Gwilym Hiraethog)The Rev. William Rees , usually known in Wales by his bardic name of Gwilym Hiraethog, was a Welsh poet and author, one of the major figures of Welsh literature during the 19th century....
— Nodiadau ar yr Epistol at yr Hebreaid
Music
- John Owen (Owain Alaw)John Owen (Owain Alaw)John Owen, also known by his bardic name Owain Alaw Pencerdd , was a Welsh language poet, baritone vocalist, accompanist and musician.-Early life:...
— Gŵyl Gwalia - John Thomas (Pencerdd Gwalia)John Thomas (harpist)John Thomas was a Welsh composer and harpist. The bardic name Pencerdd Gwalia was conferred on him at the 1861 Aberdare Eisteddfod....
— The Bride of Neath Valley (cantata) - The Eryri music festival (Gwyl Gerddorol Eryri) is founded.
Sport
- Cricket — HawardenHawardenHawarden is a village in Flintshire, North Wales. Hawarden forms part of the Deeside conurbation on the Welsh/English border. At the 2001 Census, the population of Hawarden Ward was 1,858...
Park Cricket Club is founded, reputedly by William Ewart GladstoneWilliam Ewart GladstoneWilliam Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS was a British Liberal statesman. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served as Prime Minister four separate times , more than any other person. Gladstone was also Britain's oldest Prime Minister, 84 years old when he resigned for the last time...
.
Births
- 13 January — Frank HillFrank Hill (rugby player)Frank Hill was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Cardiff. Hill won 15 caps for Wales over a period of ten years and was given the team captaincy on four occasions....
, Wales international rugby captain (died 19271927 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1927 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 21 January — Owen CoxOwen CoxSir Edward Owen Cox, GBE , known as Owen Cox, was a Welsh-born Australian businessman and politician....
, politician and businessman in Australia (died 19321932 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1932 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 22 March — Willie ThomasWillie ThomasWilliam 'Willie' Henry Thomas was a Welsh international rugby union player who played club rugby for Llanelli and London Welsh. He was capped eleven times for Wales and captained the team on two occasions. In 1888, Thomas was chosen to tour New Zealand and Australia as part of the first British...
, Wales international rugby captain (died 19211921 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1921 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 20 April — Sir John Milsom ReesJohn Milsom ReesSir John Milsom Rees, KCVO , was a Welsh surgeon and a specialist in laryngology.He was born at Neath, and studied medicine at St Bartholomew's Hospital in London. After qualifying as an F.R.C.S. at Edinburgh, he obtained a post as surgeon to the Ear, Nose and Throat Department at the Prince of...
, laryngologist (died 19521952 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1952 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant *Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 30 May — John Gruffydd Moelwyn Hughes, poet and hymn-writer (died 19441944 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1944 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - David Lewis Prosser...
) - 5 August — Sir Edward AnwylEdward AnwylSir Edward Anwyl was a Welsh academic, specializing in the Celtic languages.Anwyl was born in Chester, England, and educated at the King's School, Chester. He went on to study at Oriel College, Oxford, and Mansfield College, Oxford...
, Celtic scholar (died 19141914 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1914 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 7 August — Charles Granville BruceCharles Granville BruceBrigadier-General Charles Granville Bruce, CB, MVO was a Himalayan veteran and leader of the second and third British expeditions to Mount Everest in 1922 and 1924.-Background and early life:...
, mountaineer (died 19391939 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1939 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - Charles Alfred Howell Green...
) - 24 August — Caesar JenkynsCaesar JenkynsCaesar Augustus Llewellyn Jenkyns was a Welsh international footballer who played in the Football League for Small Heath, Woolwich Arsenal, Newton Heath and Walsall.-Playing career:...
, footballer (died 19411941 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1941 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales – vacant*Princess of Wales – vacant*Archbishop of Wales – Charles Alfred Howell Green...
) - 4 October — Robert Jones (Trebor Aled), poet (died 19171917 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1917 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 12 October — James Ramsay MacDonald, politician (died 19371937 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1937 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - Charles Alfred Howell Green...
) - 4 November — Sir David William EvansDavid William EvansSir David William Evans was a Welsh lawyer and public servant, who played a leading role in the fight against tuberculosis in Wales. In his early adult life, Evans was a very keen sportsman and played rugby union for Oxford University and Cardiff...
, lawyer, public servant and Wales international rugby player, (died 19261926 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1926 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 5 November — Daniel ProtheroeDaniel ProtheroeDaniel Protheroe , was a Welsh composer and conductor, born at Cwmgiedd near Ystradgynlais, Brecknockshire. After success at the National Eisteddfod at a young age, he emigrated to the USA, where he was educated...
, conductor and choirmaster (died 19341934 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1934 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - Edward, Prince of Wales, son of King George V of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales - vacant...
) - 14 November — Tom MorganTom Morgan (rugby player)Tom Morgan was a Welsh international rugby union centre who played club rugby for Llanelli and international rugby for Wales...
Wales international rugby player (died 18991899 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1899 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales — The Prince Albert Edward, son of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom*Princess of Wales — Alexandra of Denmark...
) - 24 November — Alexander BlandAlexander BlandAlexander "Alec" Frederick Bland was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Cardiff. Bland won nine caps for Wales over a period of four years.-International career:...
, Wales international rugby player (died 19471947 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1947 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - David Lewis Prosser...
) - 4 December — Dai LewisDai LewisDavid 'Dai' Henry Lewis was a Welsh rugby union forward who played club rugby for Cardiff and international rugby for Wales.-Rugby career:...
(died 19431943 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1943 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - Charles Alfred Howell Green...
), rugby unionRugby unionRugby union, often simply referred to as rugby, is a full contact team sport which originated in England in the early 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand...
forward who played international rugby for WalesWales national rugby union teamThe Wales national rugby union team represent Wales in international rugby union tournaments. They compete annually in the Six Nations Championship with England, France, Ireland, Italy and Scotland. Wales have won the Six Nations and its predecessors 24 times outright, second only to England with... - 15 December — William Williams (rugby player)William Williams (rugby player)William Edward Osborne Williams was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Cardiff and London Welsh. Williams was capped for Wales five times over a period of four years.-Rugby career:...
, Wales national rugby union player (died 19451945 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1945 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - David Lewis Prosser...
) - date unknown — David Delta Evans, minister and writer (died 19481948 in WalesThis article is about the particular significance of the year 1948 to Wales and its people.-Incumbents:*Prince of Wales - vacant*Princess of Wales - vacant*Archbishop of Wales - David Lewis Prosser...
)
Deaths
- 16 January — David Owen (Brutus)David Owen (Brutus)David Owen David Owen David Owen (?December 1796 - 16 January 1866, known by the pseudonym Brutus, was a Welsh satirical writer, editor and preacher.He was born in Llanpumsaint, Carmarthenshire where he was brought up as a Congregationalist. Thereafter he spent periods of time in other parts...
, literary editor, 70 - 27 January — John GibsonJohn Gibson (sculptor)John Gibson, was a Welsh sculptor.-Early life:He was born near Conwy, Wales, his father being a market gardener. To his mother, whom he described as ruling his father and all the family, he owed the energy and determination which carried him over every obstacle.When he was nine years old the...
, sculptor, 75 - 31 January — Owen Owen Roberts, physician, 73
- 16 October — Angharad LlwydAngharad LlwydAngharad Llwyd was a Welsh antiquary and a prizewinner at the National Eisteddfod of Wales.She was born at Caerwys in Flintshire, the daughter of Rev. John Lloyd, himself a noted antiquary. Her essay entitled Catalogue of Welsh Manuscripts, etc. in North Wales won a prize at the Welshpool...
, antiquary, 86 - 27 October — William Rowlands, minister and author active in the USA
- 1 December (in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
) — George EverestGeorge EverestColonel Sir George Everest was a Welsh surveyor, geographer and Surveyor-General of India from 1830 to 1843.Sir George was largely responsible for completing the section of the Great Trigonometric Survey of India along the meridian arc from the south of India extending north to Nepal, a distance...
, surveyor and geographer, 76 - date unknown — Robert Jermain ThomasRobert Jermain ThomasRobert Jermain Thomas was a Protestant Christian missionary who served with the London Missionary Society in late Qing Dynasty China and Korea....
, missionary (murdered in Korea), 26