Typhoon Fanapi (2010)
Encyclopedia
Typhoon Fanapi was the first typhoon to make landfall in Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

 since Typhoon Morakot in August 2009. In 2011, the name was retired.http://www.typhooncommittee.org/43rd/docs/FINAL/TC43report_FINAL%20VERSION.pdf

Meteorological history

Late on September 14, 2010, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had formed southeast of Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

, and the JTWC soon designated it as 12W with the PAGASA naming it Inday shortly thereafter. Later that day, both the JMA and the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm and named it Fanapi. On September 16, the storm intensified into a typhoon and turned northwest. On September 18, Fanapi further intensified to a category 3 typhoon and moved straight into Taiwan. It made landfall over Hualien County
Hualien County
Hualien County is the largest county in Taiwan and is located on the mountainous eastern coast of Taiwan. It contains the island's largest port. It is the starting point of the Hualien-Taitung Line and the terminal point of North-Link Line of TRA...

 early on September 19. Because of land interaction, Fanapi moved southwest, again turned west and weakened into a severe tropical storm. After staying inland for about nine hours, Fanapi moved to the Taiwan Strait
Taiwan Strait
The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait, formerly known as the Black Ditch, is a 180-km-wide strait separating Mainland China and Taiwan. The strait is part of the South China Sea and connects to East China Sea to the northeast...

 and made its second landfall over Zhangpu
Zhangpu County
Zhangpu is a county under Zhangzhou municipality in southernmost Fujian. The governmental seat is at SuiAn Town ....

 in Fujian
Fujian
' , formerly romanised as Fukien or Huguing or Foukien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, and Guangdong to the south. Taiwan lies to the east, across the Taiwan Strait...

, China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...

. Late on September 20, Fanapi weakened into a tropical depression over Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...

, China, and it dissipated completely on the next day.

Taiwan

New and modified warnings were issued for the Taiwan coast on September 17, suspending all schools. The Maokong Cable Car
Maokong Gondola
The Maokong Gondola is a gondola lift transportation system in Taipei, Taiwan. Opened on July 4, 2007, the Maokong Gondola runs between Taipei Zoo and Maokong. The line has four stations...

 halted its operations. As the typhoon closed in, President Ma Ying-jeou
Ma Ying-jeou
Ma Ying-jeou is the 12th term and current President of the Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan, and the Chairman of the Kuomintang Party, also known as the Chinese Nationalist Party. He formerly served as Justice Minister from 1993 to 1996, Mayor of Taipei from 1998 to 2006, and Chairman...

’s government mobilized more than 19,000 emergency workers. Electric lines were downed, schools, offices and transport was closed. Three people died in Taiwan, on Saturday, in accidents related to the Typhoon. Throughout south and east Taiwan, heavy rains triggered Landslides.Majia
Majia, Pingtung
Majia is a rural township in Pingtung County, Taiwan . The area is known as Makazayazaya in the Paiwan language, and the Taiwanese mountain pitviper Ovophis monticola makazayazaya is named after it.* Area: 78.7008 km²...

, Shangdewen and Weiliaoshan in mountainous parts of Pingtung County
Pingtung County
Pingtung County is a county in Southern Taiwan. Pingtung County is officially administered as a county of the Republic of China . The oldest national park in Taiwan, Kenting National Park, was established in Pingtung County in 1984...

 had received the highest amount of rainfall over the past 17 hours. The shipping route linking Xiamen, in east China's Fujian Province, and Jinmen, in Taiwan was closed as the typhoon closed in. Taiwan High Speed Railway has also suspended a few trains during the landfall. Winds lashed through one of the windows of the Hualien Emergency Operation Center. Many trees in the Hualien city were also uprooted. 1,721 residents in Hualien were evacuated. 314,000 households in the island were without power. Many reservoirs were filled to full capacity. The Shihmen Reservoir in Taoyuan County, the Mingde Reservoir in Miaoli County
Miaoli County
Miaoli County is a county in western Taiwan. The name Miaoli was coined using two Hakka words, cat and raccoon dog , which phonetically approximate Pali , a community of Taokas people...

, and the Baihe Reservoir in Tainan County
Tainan County
Tainan County was located in southern Taiwan. The name "Tainan" means "Southern Taiwan". Formerly a county of the Republic of China , Tainan County was merged with Tainan City at the end of 2010 to form a single special municipality....

 (now part of Tainan City) had to open their floodgate
Floodgate
Floodgates are adjustable gates used to control water flow in flood barriers, reservoir, river, stream, or levee systems. They may be designed to set spillway crest heights in dams, to adjust flow rates in sluices and canals, or they may be designed to stop water flow entirely as part of a levee or...

s. The inaugural Yeangder Tournament Players Championship
Yeangder Tournament Players Championship
The Yeangder Tournament Players Championship is a golf tournament on the Asian Tour. It was played for the first time in September 2010 at the Linkou International Golf and Country Club in Taipei, Taiwan. The purse in 2011 was US$300,000.-External links:*...

 was reduced to a 54-stroke play due to the Typhoon. With a fear that the typhoon would destroy the crops, farmers hurriedly harvested all their crops and sold them in a wholesale. This caused the fruits and vegetable prices to run down by 15% on September 19. 2,155 tons of Vegetables were sold at Tapei City Fruit and Vegetable Wholesale Market on that day. However, the prices of some premium Vegetables remained stable. Landslide warnings were issued against 61 rivers in Taiwan. The typhoon has also caused 14 breakages on the highways. Seeing the Damages caused in Taiwan, the China Meteorological Administration
China Meteorological Administration
The China Meteorological Administration , headquartered in Beijing, is the national weather service for the People's Republic of China.-History:...

 raised the level of alert for Typhoon Fanapi. It was reported that Fanapi will subside somewhat shortly after making landfall and heavy rains are unlikely. According to the Central Emergency Operation, two Kaohsiung residents went missing and 75 were injured nationwide. 70 people living in Hualien were injured out of all the 75 in the Nation. Most of them fell over while driving. Downtown Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung is a city located in southwestern Taiwan, facing the Taiwan Strait on the west. Kaohsiung, officially named Kaohsiung City, is divided into thirty-eight districts. The city is one of five special municipalities of the Republic of China...

, including Sanmin, Nanzih, Zuoying
Zuoying District
Zuoying District is an administrative district of Kaohsiung City in southern Taiwan.-History:Zuoying was established in the mid-seventeenth century as a military fortress, known as Old Fengshan . It is now the site of Tsoying Harbour, known formerly as Port Saei...

 and Gushan
Gushan District
Gushan District is an administrative district of Kaohsiung City, Republic of China in southern Taiwan.-Transportation:Gushan is serviced by the Siziwan Station of Orange Line and the Aozihdi Station of Red Line of the rapid transit....

 districts were affected by floods.
The Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit system
Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit
The Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit System is a rapid transit system covering metropolitan Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Construction of the KMRT started in October 2001. The Red Line and the Orange Line opened on March 9 and September 14, 2008, respectively...

 operated by the Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation
Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation
The Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation is a corporation established by the municipal government of Kaohsiung, Taiwan to build and operate a rapid transit system for the municipality of Kaohsiung. The corporation was established on February 1, 1999...

 also suspended their service due to the damages possible by the typhoon. 40 Schools around the country were damaged by the typhoon. Farm crops in Hualien city suffered a major damage. Estimated damage to the country was around US$3.87 million. Fearing residual effects, schools at many places remained closed on September 20. More than one hundred buildings in Kaohsiung City sought spare water pumps to clean standing water in the basements because of the floods caused by the typhoon. For garbage cleaning and environment disinfection work, the Environmental Protection Bureau of KCG has dispatched 1,974 personnel and 458 vehicles. On September 20, it was upgraded that more than 203 schools suffered damages in Taiwan. The damage to schools was US$1.78 million. The typhoon smashed through banana, tea, corn, rice and pineapple crops over 2,046 hectares of farmland. The residents of Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung is a city located in southwestern Taiwan, facing the Taiwan Strait on the west. Kaohsiung, officially named Kaohsiung City, is divided into thirty-eight districts. The city is one of five special municipalities of the Republic of China...

 blamed the city's sewage system for the floods. They claimed that the sewers were not designed to withstand the rainwater pored by Fanapi. Mayor Chen Chu
Chen Chu
Chen Chu is a Taiwanese politician who is the current mayor of Kaohsiung. She was one of the "Kaohsiung Eight," prominent dissidents arrested after the Kaohsiung Incident in 1979...

 said that the natural disaster fund will be activated if worse comes to worst. Kaohsiung city Animal shelters were also damaged in the wake of the typhoon. Almost nine in all eleven administrative districts in Kaohsiung City were filled with water. The Environmental Protection Administration
Environmental Protection Administration (Republic of China)
Environmental Protection Administration is a Cabinet level executive agency responsible for protecting and conserving the environment in the Taiwan Area...

, the Department of Health and the Ministry of National Defense were asked to help with the situations in Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

 on Monday. Thousands of residents in Kaohsiung County
Kaohsiung County
Kaohsiung County was a county in southern Taiwan that enclosed but did not include Kaohsiung City. On December 25, 2010, the county merged with Kaohsiung City to form a single special municipality.- Administration :-External links:*...

 (now part of Kaohsiung City), Nantou County
Nantou County
Nantou County is the second largest county of Taiwan. It is also the only landlocked county in Taiwan. Its name derives from the Hoanya Taiwanese aboriginal word Ramtau. Nantou County is officially administered as a county of Taiwan....

, Chiayi County
Chiayi County
Chiayi County is a county in southwestern Taiwan surrounding but not including Chiayi City. Its historical name in Taiwanese Hokkien derives from Tsirosen in the Formosan languages...

, Taitung County
Taitung County
Taitung County is a county in eastern Taiwan. The name means "Eastern Taiwan". Taitung County is also known as 後山 by many of the locals, meaning behind the mountains or the back mountains. Taitung is officially administered as a county of Taiwan, Republic of China.Taitung runs along the south east...

, Hualien County
Hualien County
Hualien County is the largest county in Taiwan and is located on the mountainous eastern coast of Taiwan. It contains the island's largest port. It is the starting point of the Hualien-Taitung Line and the terminal point of North-Link Line of TRA...

 and Pingtung County
Pingtung County
Pingtung County is a county in Southern Taiwan. Pingtung County is officially administered as a county of the Republic of China . The oldest national park in Taiwan, Kenting National Park, was established in Pingtung County in 1984...

 were evacuated to temporary shelters supervised by the military by Monday. Taiwan's flood control facilities were also challenged by Wu Den-yih
Wu Den-yih
Wu Den-yih is a Taiwanese politician of the Kuomintang Party, and the current Premier of the Republic of China.-Personal:Wu was born in Tsaotun, Nantou County, Taiwan...

. According to the preliminary estimates, the total industrial damage was almost US$93.75 million by September 20. Almost 80% of Taiwan's companies remained closed on September 20. Later on that day, the damage to schools was upgraded once again, saying that 438 schools suffered damages from the Typhoon. It was added that many schools will still remain closed on September 21. It was said that the typhoon related flood victims were given US$945.92 per household. Houses affected by water at least 50 centimeters deep would be given US$630.61 as they said. It was also reported that much of the damage was suffered in the agricultural field. Agricultural losses cause by Fanapi was more than US$65.27 million. The residents of Taiwan finally started cleaning the surroundings of their homes which were badly flooded by the storm. As a finishing touch, the storm caused 1 direct death in Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung is a city located in southwestern Taiwan, facing the Taiwan Strait on the west. Kaohsiung, officially named Kaohsiung City, is divided into thirty-eight districts. The city is one of five special municipalities of the Republic of China...

. Despite the high damages to the country, the Kaohsiung chemical plants suffered a relatively low damage. On September 21, it was reported that the compensation to a family would be increased to US$1261.22. On that day, another person was found dead, increasing the direct death toll to "2". The total damage was totaled to US$210.9 million by the Government of Taiwan.

People's Republic of China

Tens of thousands of people were evacuated from many places across China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

 and many business have also been closed on September 20 in preparation for the storm, as the Chinese government said that it could be the strongest storm to hit China in 2010. The storm passed through the South China Sea
South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from the Singapore and Malacca Straits to the Strait of Taiwan of around...

, where much of China's offshore oil infrastructure is located. Crude imports in China were about to raise and the Oil Future was in danger because of the shutdown of platforms. As the storm closed in to Hong Kong, meteorologists reported the system to landfall within 100 kilometers north of the territory overnight, bringing heavy rains and strong winds. They reported that the storm will sweep across Guangdong province causing severe floods and geological disasters to the region. In addition to the heavy torrential rain, the storm delivered strong gusts to China after sweeping through Taiwan in nine hours. It was reported that this storm brought the heaviest rains in a century to the southern Guangdong Province, triggering landslides in some cities. The storm caused destruction in Fujian
Fujian
' , formerly romanised as Fukien or Huguing or Foukien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, and Guangdong to the south. Taiwan lies to the east, across the Taiwan Strait...

 and Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...

 before weakening into a low pressure area. Shuangyao Township in Yangchun City was the worst hit by the storm when precipitation totaled 550 mm in 24 hours. Floods and landslides were triggered in Maoming City where more than 8,000 people were evacuated, though luckily no deaths were reported. Gaozhou
Gaozhou
Gaozhou : Kochow) is a county-level city of Maoming City, southwestern Guangdong province of Southern China. It has a population of 1.68 million as of 2008 and total area of 3276 km². The locals speak a variation of the Gaozhou dialect.-Administration:...

 and Xinyi
Xinyi, Guangdong
Xinyi is a county-level city in Guangdong province, People's Republic of China. It has a population of 170,368 people. Xinyi is located in the prefecture level city of Maoming.-External links:*...

 were also badly hit. Rain still battered parts of Guangdong for the rest of the day. Six counties in Fujian Province experienced more than 200 mm of rain in 23 hours. By September 22, the storm had killed 13 people and left dozens missing. The death toll rose to 54 with another 42 people still missing according to a spokesman on September 23. On September 24, the death toll reached to 70 reported by state-run Xinhua News Agency
Xinhua News Agency
The Xinhua News Agency is the official press agency of the government of the People's Republic of China and the biggest center for collecting information and press conferences in the PRC. It is the largest news agency in the PRC, ahead of the China News Service...

 citing relief officials. Although the momentum of the typhoon decreased after pummeling the southern part of Taiwan, the hurricane still caused direct economic losses of $315 million and the destruction of 3,647 homes, with 35,900 hectares of cropland inundated.

Hong Kong

The Hong Kong Observatory
Hong Kong Observatory
Hong Kong Observatory is a department of the Hong Kong government. The Observatory forecasts weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards...

 issued the Number 1 Standby Warning
Hong Kong Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals
The Hong Kong tropical cyclone warning signals or informally typhoon signals are a set of signals used to indicate the threat or effects of a tropical cyclone. The Hong Kong Observatory issues the warning signal if a tropical cyclone is centred within of Hong Kong and may affect Hong Kong later...

after Fanapi made landfall in Taiwan. 2 Days later during the evening it issued the Number 3 Strong Wind Warning because of increasing winds in the city. During the night, heavy winds and rain rocked the city, which had about 50 mm of rainfall an hour in the small hours of the morning. This prompted the HKO to issue the Red Rainstorm Warning. The next day, in the early morning at about 7:45, the observatory cancelled all typhoon warnings.

External links

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