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The
China Meteorological Administration (
CMA; ), headquartered in
BeijingBeijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
, is the national weather service for the
People's Republic of ChinaChina , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
.
History
The agency was originally established in December 1949 as the
Central Military Commission Meteorological Bureau. It replaced the
Central Weather BureauThe Central Weather Bureau is the government meteorological research and forecasting institution of the Republic of China . In addition to meteorology, the Central Weather Bureau also makes astronomical observations, reports on sea conditions, and conducts research into seismology and provides...
formed in 1941. In 1994, the CMA was transformed from a subordinate governmental body into one of the public service agencies under the
State CouncilThe State Council of the People's Republic of China , which is largely synonymous with the Central People's Government after 1954, is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the Premier and includes the heads of each governmental department and agency...
.
Meteorological bureaus are established in 31
provincesA province, in the context of Chinese government, is a translation of sheng formally provincial level divisions, which is an administrative division. Provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, and the special administrative regions, make up the four types of province of administrative division...
,
autonomous regionsAn autonomous region is a first-level administrative subdivision of People's Republic of China. Like Chinese provinces, an autonomous region has its own local government, but an autonomous region theoretically has more legislative rights. An Autonomous Region is a minority entity which has a...
and
municipalitiesA direct-controlled municipality is the highest level classification for cities used by unitary state, with status equal to that of the provinces in the respective countries...
, excluding meteorological services at
Hong KongHong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
,
MacauMacau , also spelled Macao , is, along with Hong Kong, one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China...
and
TaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
. 14 meteorological bureaus at sub-provincial cities including 4 cities which have been specifically designated in the state development plan), 318 meteorological bureaus at prefecture level and 2,300 bureaus (stations) at county level.
Subordinate bodies under the CMA
- National Meteorological Centre
National Meteorological Centre is a subordinate body of the China Meteorological Administration in the People's Republic of China. It is essentially a weather reporting service....
(the Central Meteorological Observatory)
- National Satellite Meteorological Centre (National Centre for Space Weather Monitoring and Warning)
- National Climate Center
- National Meteorological Information Centre
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences
- Atmospheric Observation Technology Centre
- China Meteorological Administration Training Centre
- Department of Capital Construction & Real Estate Management
- Logistic Service Centre
- Audio-Visual Publicity Center
- China Meteorological News Press, and Meteorological Press.
See also
- Geography of China
China stretches some across the East Asian landmass bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam in a changing configuration of broad plains, expansive deserts, and lofty mountain ranges, including vast areas of inhospitable terrain...
- Hong Kong Observatory
Hong Kong Observatory is a department of the Hong Kong government. The Observatory forecasts weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards...
,
- Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau
The Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau is a department of the Macao Government. The services provides forecasts weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards...
,
- Central Weather Bureau
The Central Weather Bureau is the government meteorological research and forecasting institution of the Republic of China . In addition to meteorology, the Central Weather Bureau also makes astronomical observations, reports on sea conditions, and conducts research into seismology and provides...
External links