Trần Văn Cung
Encyclopedia
Trần Văn Cung was a Vietnamese
revolutionist, who was the secretary of the first communist cell in Vietnam
.
Cung was born in Kim Khe Trung village, Nghi Loc
, Nghe An in Annam in 1906.
In 1926, Cung joined the Collège de Vinh where he also joined the Vietnam Restoration Association (Hội Hưng Nam). Then he was recruited by Vietnam Association of Revolutionary Youths (VARY) which founded by Ho Chi Minh
. Cung went to Guangzhou
to be trained by VARY and then returned to Vietnam and became a member of Tonkin Bureau of VARY. In the summer 2008, Cung was caught in Guangzhou by the Government of Republic of China and was jailed for three months.
In late 1928, Cung was voted to be head of Tonkin Bureau of VARY. In March 2009, he and other six radical members of VARY Tonkin Bureau including Nguyễn Đức Cảnh, Trịnh Đình Cửu, Đỗ Ngọc Du, Dương Hạc Đính, Ngô Gia Tự, Kim Tôn founded the first communist cell in Vietnam. Cung was voted to be the secretary of this cell. The cell’s ambition was to be the core of a future communist party
in Vietnam. Under the guidance by this communist cell, the congress of VARY Tonkin Bureau reached a consensus of founding a communist party and voted Trần Văn Cung, Trịnh Đình Cửu and Kim Tôn to be attendees of whole VARY congress in Hong Kong
.
The congress of VARY was held in Hong Kong in May 2009. In the congress, Tonkin attendees led by Trần Văn Cung proposed a transforming of VARY into a communist party. Their proposal was rejected by VARY leadership then led by Hồ Tùng Mậu. Being disappointed, three Tonkin attendees made a walkout from the congress. VARY then expelled them from its organization.
On 17 June 1929, Cung led a meeting of the communist cell in which the Communist Party of Indochina
(CPI) was founded. Thereafter, Cung went to central Vietnam to develop CPI’s foundation there. He soon was, however, caught by French colonial government and sentenced to penal servitude for life in French Guiana
. In waiting to be transported to Guiana, he was jailed in Lao Bao Prison
.
In 1936, due to activities of Popular Front
, Cung was released from prison. He then continued participate in communist movement in Nha Trang
and then in Nghe An. In early 1945, he was a co-founders of Viet Minh
in Nghe-Tinh
. When August Revolution
broke out, Cung was the secretary of Viet Minh Front in Nghe-Tinh.
In 1946, Trần Văn Cung as a member of Viet Minh was elected to be member of National Assembly of Vietnam
(NA). In late 1946, he was elected to be member of Standing Committee of NA.
In 1957, Cung was assigned to be Party Secretary of People’s University (predecessor of now National Economic University).
He died on 31 October 1977. He was awarded a Medal of Resistance (Huân chương Kháng chiến) by the State of Vietnam.
Trần Văn Cung’s father is Trần Văn Năng - a confucianist who was jailed by French colonial government for six months. A his elder brother is Trần Văn Tăng - a teacher and revolutionist and member of New Revolutionary Party of Vietnam who was also jailed by French and died in prison. His youngest brother is Trần Văn Quang who is a Colonel General
(three-star general) of the People’s Army of Vietnam. Trần Văn Cung married Trần Thị Liên
.
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
revolutionist, who was the secretary of the first communist cell in Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
.
Cung was born in Kim Khe Trung village, Nghi Loc
Nghi Loc
Nghi Lộc is a rural district of Nghe An province in the North Central Coastal region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 214,209. The district covers an area of 369 km². The district capital lies at Quan Hanh....
, Nghe An in Annam in 1906.
In 1926, Cung joined the Collège de Vinh where he also joined the Vietnam Restoration Association (Hội Hưng Nam). Then he was recruited by Vietnam Association of Revolutionary Youths (VARY) which founded by Ho Chi Minh
Ho Chi Minh
Hồ Chí Minh , born Nguyễn Sinh Cung and also known as Nguyễn Ái Quốc, was a Vietnamese Marxist-Leninist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam...
. Cung went to Guangzhou
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
to be trained by VARY and then returned to Vietnam and became a member of Tonkin Bureau of VARY. In the summer 2008, Cung was caught in Guangzhou by the Government of Republic of China and was jailed for three months.
In late 1928, Cung was voted to be head of Tonkin Bureau of VARY. In March 2009, he and other six radical members of VARY Tonkin Bureau including Nguyễn Đức Cảnh, Trịnh Đình Cửu, Đỗ Ngọc Du, Dương Hạc Đính, Ngô Gia Tự, Kim Tôn founded the first communist cell in Vietnam. Cung was voted to be the secretary of this cell. The cell’s ambition was to be the core of a future communist party
Communist party
A political party described as a Communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of communism through a communist form of government...
in Vietnam. Under the guidance by this communist cell, the congress of VARY Tonkin Bureau reached a consensus of founding a communist party and voted Trần Văn Cung, Trịnh Đình Cửu and Kim Tôn to be attendees of whole VARY congress in Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
.
The congress of VARY was held in Hong Kong in May 2009. In the congress, Tonkin attendees led by Trần Văn Cung proposed a transforming of VARY into a communist party. Their proposal was rejected by VARY leadership then led by Hồ Tùng Mậu. Being disappointed, three Tonkin attendees made a walkout from the congress. VARY then expelled them from its organization.
On 17 June 1929, Cung led a meeting of the communist cell in which the Communist Party of Indochina
Communist Party of Indochina
Communist Party of Indochina is one of three predecessors of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Other two predecessors are the Communist Party of Annam and the Communist League of Indochina....
(CPI) was founded. Thereafter, Cung went to central Vietnam to develop CPI’s foundation there. He soon was, however, caught by French colonial government and sentenced to penal servitude for life in French Guiana
French Guiana
French Guiana is an overseas region of France, consisting of a single overseas department located on the northern Atlantic coast of South America. It has borders with two nations, Brazil to the east and south, and Suriname to the west...
. In waiting to be transported to Guiana, he was jailed in Lao Bao Prison
Lao Bao Prison
Lao Bao Prison is a prison situated in Lao Bảo, Quảng Trị, 22 km from Khe Sanh, in the village of Duy Tan, commune of TanThanh, district of Hướng Hóa, to the west is the Sepon river, to the east is the high mountain...
.
In 1936, due to activities of Popular Front
Popular Front (France)
The Popular Front was an alliance of left-wing movements, including the French Communist Party , the French Section of the Workers' International and the Radical and Socialist Party, during the interwar period...
, Cung was released from prison. He then continued participate in communist movement in Nha Trang
Nha Trang
Nha Trang is a coastal city and capital of Khanh Hoa province, on the South Central Coast of Vietnam. It is bounded on the North by Ninh Hoà district, on the East by the South China Sea, on the South by Cam Ranh town and on the West by Diên Khánh district...
and then in Nghe An. In early 1945, he was a co-founders of Viet Minh
Viet Minh
Việt Minh was a national independence coalition formed at Pac Bo on May 19, 1941. The Việt Minh initially formed to seek independence for Vietnam from the French Empire. When the Japanese occupation began, the Việt Minh opposed Japan with support from the United States and the Republic of China...
in Nghe-Tinh
Ha Tinh
Hà Tĩnh is a city in Vietnam. It is the capital of the Ha Tinh province, in Vietnam's north central coast....
. When August Revolution
August Revolution
On August 19, 1945, the Việt Minh under Hồ Chí Minh began the August General Uprising Tổng Khởi Nghĩa, which was soon renamed the August Revolution . Whether or not this series of events should be called a "revolution" is disputable; what is clear is that, from August 19 onwards, demonstrations and...
broke out, Cung was the secretary of Viet Minh Front in Nghe-Tinh.
In 1946, Trần Văn Cung as a member of Viet Minh was elected to be member of National Assembly of Vietnam
National Assembly of Vietnam
The Constitution of Vietnam recognizes the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam as "the highest organ of state power." The National Assembly, a 493-member unicameral body elected to a five-year term, meets twice a year...
(NA). In late 1946, he was elected to be member of Standing Committee of NA.
In 1957, Cung was assigned to be Party Secretary of People’s University (predecessor of now National Economic University).
He died on 31 October 1977. He was awarded a Medal of Resistance (Huân chương Kháng chiến) by the State of Vietnam.
Trần Văn Cung’s father is Trần Văn Năng - a confucianist who was jailed by French colonial government for six months. A his elder brother is Trần Văn Tăng - a teacher and revolutionist and member of New Revolutionary Party of Vietnam who was also jailed by French and died in prison. His youngest brother is Trần Văn Quang who is a Colonel General
Colonel General
Colonel General is a senior rank of General. North Korea and Russia are two countries which have used the rank extensively throughout their histories...
(three-star general) of the People’s Army of Vietnam. Trần Văn Cung married Trần Thị Liên
Trần Thị Liên
Trần Thị Liên was a revolutionist of Vietnam. Liên was born in Yên Nghi village , Nghe An Province. Her father was a geo-surveyor while her mother was a small merchant in Vinh...
.
See also
- Vietnam Association of Revolutionary Youths
- Communist Party of IndochinaCommunist Party of IndochinaCommunist Party of Indochina is one of three predecessors of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Other two predecessors are the Communist Party of Annam and the Communist League of Indochina....
- Trần Văn Quang