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Trichloroacetic acid
 
 
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Trichloroacetic acid (also known as trichloroethanoic acid) is an analogue of acetic acid
Acetic acid

Acetic acid, CH3COOH, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic acid which gives vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Pure, water-free acetic acid is a colourless liquid that absorbs water from the environment , and freezes at 16.7 Celsius to a colourless crystalline solid....
 in which the three hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 atoms of the methyl group have all been replaced by chlorine
Chlorine

Chlorine...
 atoms.

It is prepared by the reaction of chlorine with acetic acid in the presence of a suitable catalyst.
CH3COOH + 3Cl2 ? CCl3COOH + 3HCl


It is widely used in biochemistry
Biochemistry

Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry processes in living organisms. It deals with the structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules....
 for the precipitation of macromolecules such as protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
s, DNA
DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetics instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses....
 and RNA
RNA

Ribonucleic acid is a type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nucleobase, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate....
.






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Trichloroacetic acid (also known as trichloroethanoic acid) is an analogue of acetic acid
Acetic acid

Acetic acid, CH3COOH, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic acid which gives vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Pure, water-free acetic acid is a colourless liquid that absorbs water from the environment , and freezes at 16.7 Celsius to a colourless crystalline solid....
 in which the three hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 atoms of the methyl group have all been replaced by chlorine
Chlorine

Chlorine...
 atoms.

It is prepared by the reaction of chlorine with acetic acid in the presence of a suitable catalyst.
CH3COOH + 3Cl2 ? CCl3COOH + 3HCl


It is widely used in biochemistry
Biochemistry

Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry processes in living organisms. It deals with the structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules....
 for the precipitation of macromolecules such as protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
s, DNA
DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetics instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses....
 and RNA
RNA

Ribonucleic acid is a type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nucleobase, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate....
. Its sodium
Sodium

Sodium is an element which has the symbol Na , atomic number 11, atomic mass 23 amu , and a common oxidation number +1. Sodium is a soft, silvery white, highly reactive element and is a member of the alkali metals within "group 1" ....
 salt
Salt

A salt, in chemistry, is defined as the product formed from the neutralisation reaction of acids and base . Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically electric charge ....
 is used as a weedkiller. Solutions containing trichloroacetic acid as an ingredient are used for cosmetic treatments such as chemical peels
Chemical peel

A chemical peel is a body treatment technique used to improve and smooth the texture of the facial skin using a chemical solution that causes the skin to blister and eventually peel off....
 and tattoo removal
Tattoo removal

Tattoo removal has been performed with various tools during the history of tattooing. While tattoos are considered permanent, it is sometimes possible to remove them with treatments, fully or partially....
 and the treatment of wart
Wart

A wart is generally a small, rough tumor, typically on hands and feet but often other locations, that can resemble a cauliflower or a solid blister....
s, including genital wart
Genital wart

Genital warts is a highly contagious sexually transmitted infection caused by some sub-types of human papillomavirus . It is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact during oral sex, genital, or anal sex with an infected partner....
s. It can kill normal cells as well. It is considered safe for use for this purpose during pregnancy.

Salt
Salt

A salt, in chemistry, is defined as the product formed from the neutralisation reaction of acids and base . Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically electric charge ....
s of trichloroacetic acid are called trichloroacetates. Reduction of trichloroacetic acid results in dichloroacetic acid
Dichloroacetic acid

Dichloroacetic acid, often abbreviated DCA, is a chemical compound, an acid, and an Analog of acetic acid in which two of the three hydrogen atoms of the methyl group have been replaced by chlorine atoms....
, a pharmacologically active compound that shows promise for the treatment of cancer
Cancer

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cell display uncontrolled growth , invasion , and sometimes metastasis . These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which are self-limited, do not invade or metastasize....
.

History

The discovery of trichloroacetic acid by Jean-Baptiste Dumas
Jean-Baptiste Dumas

Jean Baptiste Andr? Dumas , was a French chemist, best known for his works on organic analysis and synthesis, as well as the determination of atomic weights by measuring vapor densities....
 in 1840 delivered a striking example to the slowly evolving theory of organic radicals and valences. The theory was contrary to the beliefs of Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Jöns Jakob Berzelius

Friherre J?ns Jacob Berzelius was a Sweden chemist. He worked out the modern technique of chemical formula, and is together with John Dalton, Antoine Lavoisier, and Robert Boyle considered a father of modern chemistry....
, starting a long dispute between Dumas and Berzelius.

See also

  • Chloroacetic acids
    Chloroacetic acids

    In organic chemistry, the chloroacetic acids are three related chlorocarbon carboxylic acids:* Chloroacetic acid , CH2ClCOOH* Dichloroacetic acid , CHCl2COOH...


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