Tai ethnic groups in Southeast Asia
Encyclopedia

Nuclear Tai peoples

  • Tai Daeng
  • Tai Dam
  • Tai Gapong
  • Tai He
  • Tay Khang
  • Tai Kao
    White Thai
    White Tai or Tai Kao is an ethnic group of Laos and Vietnam.-History:The White Tai migrated from China to Laos several centuries ago, settling along the Red and Black Rivers.-Language:The White Tai speak a language called Tai Kao...

  • Kongsat
    Kongsat
    The Kongsat people are an ethnic group in Laos.-Geographic distribution:*Population of approximately 100 in Oudomxai Province of Laos -Origin:...

  • Kuan (Population of 2,500 in Laos)
  • Tai Laan
  • Tai Maen
  • Northern Thai (Lanna
    Lanna
    The Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...

    )
  • Lao
    Lao people
    The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

     (Population of 3,000,000 in Laos)
  • Lao Lom
    Lao Lom
    The Lao Lom are an ethnic group in Thailand and Laos. They should not be confused with the Lao Loum , who make up approximately 69% of the population of Laos.-Geographic distribution:...

  • Tai Long
  • Dai
    Dai people
    The Dai peoples is one of several ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture , but by extension can apply to groups in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma when Dai is used to mean specifically Tai Lue, Chinese Shan or even...

     (Population of 134,100 in Laos including the Lu people
    Lu people
    The Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...

    ))
  • Northeastern Thai (including the Lao Kaleun
    Kaleun people
    The Kaleun people are an ethnic group of Thailand and Laos.-Geographic distribution:*Mukdahan Province of Thailand*Nakhon Phanom Province of Thailand*Sakhon Nakhon Province of Thailand*Borikhamxai Province of Laos-Language:...

     and Isan people)
  • Tai Nuea
  • Nung
  • Nyaw
  • Tai Pao
  • Tai Peung
  • Phuan
    Phuan
    The Phuan , also known as Tai Phuan, Thai Puan or Lao Phuan, are a Theravada Buddhist Tai people spread out in small pockets over most of the northeastern Isan region with other groups scattered in central Thailand and Laos . According to the Ethnologue Report, the Phuan number 204,704 and that is...

     (Population of 106,099 in Laos)
  • Phutai (Population of 154,400 in Laos)
  • Pu Ko
  • Rien
  • Tai Sam
  • Tayten
  • Yoy
  • Zhuang (including the Nung people)
  • Shan
  • Yang
  • Thai
    Thai people
    The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...

     (Central Thai)

Kam–Sui peoples

The Kam–Sui peoples are clustered in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

 as well as neighboring portions of northern Laos
Laos
Laos Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west...

 and Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...

.
for detailed geographic distribution

Saek people

The center of the Saek
Saek
The Saek or Tai Saek are an ethnic group of Laos and Thailand. The Saek are a part of the larger Tai ethnicity.-Geographic distribution:The center of the Saek population is the Mekong River in central Laos...

 population is the Mekong River in central Laos. A smaller Saek community makes its home in the Isan
Isan
Isan is the northeastern region of Thailand. It is located on the Khorat Plateau, bordered by the Mekong River to the north and east, by Cambodia to the southeast and the Prachinburi mountains south of Nakhon Ratchasima...

 region of northeast Thailand
Thailand
Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...

, near the border with Laos.

Nuclear Tai peoples

  • Chiang Saeng
    • Central Thai (Thai
      Thai people
      The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...

       and Khorat Thai
      Khorat Thai
      Khorat Thai or Korat Thai people refers to an ethnic group named by their main settlement area which is in Nakhon Ratchasima province, unofficially called “Korat”, of Thailand. Korat Thai people call themselves Tai Berng , Tai Derng , or Tai Korat...

      )
    • Northern Thai (Tai Wang, Lanna
      Lanna
      The Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...

       and Thai Yuan
      Thai Yuan
      The Thai Yuan are a people of northern Thailand, the former Thai kingdom of Lanna....

      )
    • Tai Dam
    • Tai Daeng
    • Phuan
      Phuan
      The Phuan , also known as Tai Phuan, Thai Puan or Lao Phuan, are a Theravada Buddhist Tai people spread out in small pockets over most of the northeastern Isan region with other groups scattered in central Thailand and Laos . According to the Ethnologue Report, the Phuan number 204,704 and that is...

    • Tai Song
      Lao Song
      The Lao Song are an ethnic group of Thailand. The Lao Song are also known as the Tai Song , Lao Song Dam or simply as the Song or Song Dam.-History:...

  • Lao–Phutai
    • Lao
      Lao people
      The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

       (Lao Loum
      Lao Loum
      The Lao Loum is an official Laos PDR designation for lowland dwelling Tai peoples, including the majority Lao people. The Lao Loum, literally meaning "lowland Lao," are the inhabitants of the river valleys and lowlands along the Mekong River and make up over 68% of the population of Laos, of...

      , Lao Ga, Lao Lom
      Lao Lom
      The Lao Lom are an ethnic group in Thailand and Laos. They should not be confused with the Lao Loum , who make up approximately 69% of the population of Laos.-Geographic distribution:...

      , Lao Ti, Lao Wieng
      Lao Wieng
      The Lao Wieng , are a Tai sub-ethnic group of the Isan region. Of the approximately 50,000 proclaimed Lao Wieng live in villages through the region, especially the provinces of Prachinburi, Udon Thani, Nakhon Pathom, Chai Nat, Lopburi, Saraburi, Phetchaburi and Roi Et with a significant number in...

       and Lao Krang)
    • Northeastern Thai (Tai Kaleun and Isan)
    • Phutai
    • Nyaw
  • Northwestern Tai
    • Shan
    • Lu
      Lu people
      The Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...

    • Tai Nuea (including the Tai Mao people)
  • Tai Bueng
    Tai Bueng
    The Tai Bueng are an ethnic group in Thailand. They are also referred to as Lao Bueng .-Geographic distribution:The Tai Bueng are located in two villages of Amphoe Phatthana Nikhom in Lopburi Province.-Culture:...

  • Tai Gapong
  • Khün
    Khun
    Khun may refer to various Thai language words:*Khun is the colloquial Thai name for the Golden Shower Tree.*Khun is a common Thai honorific and also a title equivalent to Khunying.*Khun is a dated Thai noble title equivalent to baron....

  • Lao Ngaew
  • Nyong
  • Southern Thai (including the Tak Bai Thai people)
  • Yoy
    Yoy people
    The Yoy people are an ethnic group in Southeast Asia.-Other names and spellings:*Tai Jo*Tai Yo*Tai Yoi*Tai Yoy*Dioi*Giy*Yooi*Yuai*Lao Yuai*Duoi*Yoe*Yooy-Geographic Distribution:*Population of 1,300 in Khammouan Province of Laos...


Saek people

The center of the Saek
Saek
The Saek or Tai Saek are an ethnic group of Laos and Thailand. The Saek are a part of the larger Tai ethnicity.-Geographic distribution:The center of the Saek population is the Mekong River in central Laos...

 population is the Mekong River in central Laos. A smaller Saek community makes its home in the Isan
Isan
Isan is the northeastern region of Thailand. It is located on the Khorat Plateau, bordered by the Mekong River to the north and east, by Cambodia to the southeast and the Prachinburi mountains south of Nakhon Ratchasima...

 region of northeast Thailand
Thailand
Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...

, near the border with Laos.

Nuclear Tai peoples

  • Buyei
    Buyei
    The Buyei are an ethnic group living in southern mainland China. Numbering 2.5 million, they are the 11th largest of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...

  • Tay Tac
  • Tai Chong
  • Tai Daeng
    Red Tai
    The Red Tai or Tai Daeng are an ethnic group of Vietnam.-Geographic distribution:*140,000 in Vietnam *25,000 in Laos *Unknown population in Thailand*Unknown population in the United States...

  • Tai Dam
  • Giay
    Giay people
    The Giáy are an ethnic group in Vietnam who speak the Buyei language. Most live in the Lào Cai, Hà Giang, Lai Châu, and Cao Bằng provinces of northern Vietnam. In 1999 the population was 49,098....

  • Tai La
  • Tsun-Lao
  • Tai Kao
    White Thai
    White Tai or Tai Kao is an ethnic group of Laos and Vietnam.-History:The White Tai migrated from China to Laos several centuries ago, settling along the Red and Black Rivers.-Language:The White Tai speak a language called Tai Kao...

  • Lao
    Lao people
    The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

  • Dai
    Dai people
    The Dai peoples is one of several ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture , but by extension can apply to groups in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma when Dai is used to mean specifically Tai Lue, Chinese Shan or even...

  • Tai Man Thanh
  • Nang
    Nang
    Nang may refer to:* Nang County, Nyingchi, Tibet, China* Nang drama, a form of shadow play* Nang!, a general interest magazine* Nang, a crude term for nitrous oxide when used as a recreational drugPeople named Nang:...

  • Zhuang (including the Nung people)
  • Phutai
  • Tai Taosao
  • Tay
    Tay people
    The Tày people speak a language of the Central Tai language group, and live in northern Vietnam. They are sometimes also called Thô, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di....

     (including the Tho people)
  • Tai Do (including the Tay Muoi and Tay Jo people)
  • Tai Yung
  • Ka Lao
  • Thu Lao
  • Tai So
  • Tai Chiang
  • Tai Lai
  • Pu Thay
  • Tai Hang Thong
  • San Chay
    San Chay people
    The San Chay people live in the Tuyên Quang province of northeastern Vietnam, as well as some nearby provinces. They speak a Tai language. Their population was 147,315 in 1999....

     (also referred to as the Cao Lan people)
  • Lu
    Lu people
    The Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...

  • Yoy

Kadai peoples

The Kadai peoples are clustered in the Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan and Hainan Provinces of China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

, as well as the Ha Giang
Hà Giang Province
Hà Giang is a province in northeastern Vietnam. It is located in the far north of the country, and contains Vietnam’s northernmost point. It shares a 270 km long border with Yunnan province of southern China. Hence it is known as the final frontier of Vietnam...

, Cao Bang
Cao Bang Province
Cao Bằng is a province of northeastern Vietnam. The province has borders with Hà Giang, Tuyên Quang, Bắc Kạn, and Lạng Sơn provinces within Vietnam. It also has common international border with Guangxi province of the People's Republic of China...

, Lao Cai
Lao Cai Province
Lào Cai , is a province of northeastern in the mountainous region of Vietnam, bordering the province of Yunnan in the China. The province covers an area of 6383.9 square kilometres and as of 2008 it had a population of 602,300 people....

 and Son La Provinces of Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...

.
for detailed geographic distribution

Kam–Sui peoples

The Kam–Sui peoples are clustered in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

 as well as neighboring portions of northern Laos
Laos
Laos Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west...

 and Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...

.
for detailed geographic distribution

Lakkia people

The Lakkia are an ethnic group clustered in the Guangxi Province of China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

 and neighboring portions of Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...

, whose members are of Yao
Yao people
The Yao nationality is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south...

 descent, but speak a Tai–Kadai language called Lakkia. These Yao were likely in an area dominated by Tai speakers and assimilated an early Tai–Kadai language (possibly the language of the ancestors of the Biao people.

Burma

  • Shan (including the Khamti
    Khamti
    The Khamti, whose name is also spelled as Hkamti by the Burmese and Khampti by the Assamese, is a sub-group of the Shan people found in the Sagaing Division, Hkamti District in northwestern Burma as well as Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh in India. Smaller numbers can be found in parts of Assam...

     people)
  • Dai
    Dai people
    The Dai peoples is one of several ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture , but by extension can apply to groups in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma when Dai is used to mean specifically Tai Lue, Chinese Shan or even...

     (including the Lu people
    Lu people
    The Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...

    )
  • Lao
    Lao people
    The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

  • Tai Khun
  • Tai Yong
  • Tai Nuea (including the Tai Mao people)
  • Tai Laeng
  • Phake
    Phake
    Tai Phake, also known as Phakial or simply Phake belong to the Tai-speaking tribal group living in Dibrugarh district and Tinsukia district of Assam, principally along the areas of Dihing river as well as adjacent parts of Lohit and Changlang districts in Arunachal Pradesh...

  • Thai Yodiai
  • Thai
    Thai people
    The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...

     (Central Thai)
  • Tai Piw
  • Nara
  • Tenasserim Thai

Cambodia

  • Thai
    Thai people
    The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...

     (Central Thai) (including the Gaogong people)
  • Lao
    Lao people
    The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

  • Shan
  • Kula

Malaysia

  • Isan
  • Lao
    Lao people
    The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

  • Thai
    Thai people
    The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...

     (Central Thai)
  • Tai Yaklanthan
  • Thai Palit
  • Thai Tainburi
  • Thai Thrangganu
  • Southern Thai

Singapore

  • Thai
    Thai people
    The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...

     (Central Thai)
  • Lao
    Lao people
    The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...

  • Isan
  • Northern Thai

Assam

INDIA

  • Ahom
    Ahom
    The Ahoms, who ruled Assam for six centuries are the descendants of ethnic Tai people who accompanied the Tai prince Sukaphaa into Assam. And for this reason people of this community call themselves the Tai-Ahom. Sukaphaa established the Ahom kingdom and the Ahom dynasty ruled and expanded the...

  • Phake
    Phake
    Tai Phake, also known as Phakial or simply Phake belong to the Tai-speaking tribal group living in Dibrugarh district and Tinsukia district of Assam, principally along the areas of Dihing river as well as adjacent parts of Lohit and Changlang districts in Arunachal Pradesh...

  • Khampti
  • Khamyang
    Khamyang
    Khamyang, also known as Shyam, is a tribal group found primarily in Tinsukia, Jorhat and Sivasagar districts of Assam as well as adjacent parts of Arunachal Pradesh. They have a population of 35,000, of which only a small minority speak the native Tai-based language...

  • Aiton
  • Turung
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