Table of similar systems of comparison of temperaments

This is a table of similar systems of comparison of personality typologies.

Founder	Scales	Need Areas	Introverted, Task-Oriented	Extroverted, Task-Oriented	Extroverted, Relationship-Oriented	Ambiverted	Introverted, Relationship Oriented
c. 450 BC	Classical elements	Scales not recognized	Areas not recognized	water Water (classical element) Water is one of the elements in ancient Greek philosophy, in the Asian Indian system Panchamahabhuta, and in the Chinese cosmological and physiological system Wu Xing...	fire Fire (classical element) Fire has been an important part of all cultures and religions from pre-history to modern day and was vital to the development of civilization. It has been regarded in many different contexts throughout history, but especially as a metaphysical constant of the world.-Greek and Roman tradition:Fire...	air Air (classical element) Air is often seen as a universal power or pure substance. Its supposed fundamental importance to life can be seen in words such as aspire, inspire, perspire and spirit, all derived from the Latin spirare.-Greek and Roman tradition:...	ether Aether (classical element) According to ancient and medieval science aether , also spelled æther or ether, is the material that fills the region of the universe above the terrestrial sphere.-Mythological origins:...	earth Earth (classical element) Earth, home and origin of humanity, has often been worshipped in its own right with its own unique spiritual tradition.-European tradition:Earth is one of the four classical elements in ancient Greek philosophy and science. It was commonly associated with qualities of heaviness, matter and the... ..
c. 400 BC	Hippocrates Hippocrates Hippocrates of Cos or Hippokrates of Kos was an ancient Greek physician of the Age of Pericles , and is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine... 's four humours Four humours Four Temperaments is a theory of proto-psychology that stems from the ancient medical concept of humorism and suggests that four bodily fluids affect human personality traits and behaviors.- History and development :...	Scales not recognized	Areas not recognized	black bile	yellow bile	blood Blood Blood is a specialized bodily fluid in animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells....	phlegm Phlegm Phlegm is a liquid secreted by the mucous membranes of mammalians. Its definition is limited to the mucus produced by the respiratory system, excluding that from the nasal passages, and particularly that which is expelled by coughing . Phlegm is in essence a water-based gel consisting of...	Not Recognized
c. 190 AD	Galen Galen Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus , better known as Galen of Pergamon , was a prominent Roman physician, surgeon and philosopher... 's four temperaments	response- delay/sustain time observed	Areas not recognized	melancholic	choleric	sanguine Sanguine Sanguine is chalk of a reddish color, often called the true colour of blood. tending to brown, used in drawing, The word also describes any drawing done in sanguine.-Technique:...	phlegmatic	Not Recognized
c. 1025	Avicenna Avicenna Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā , commonly known as Ibn Sīnā or by his Latinized name Avicenna, was a Persian polymath, who wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived... 's four primary temperament Temperament In psychology, temperament refers to those aspects of an individual's personality, such as introversion or extroversion, that are often regarded as innate rather than learned... s	morbid states, functional power, subjective sensations, physical signs	Areas not distinguished	rheumatism Rheumatism Rheumatism or rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the joints and connective tissue. The study of, and therapeutic interventions in, such disorders is called rheumatology.-Terminology:... , insomnia Insomnia Insomnia is most often defined by an individual's report of sleeping difficulties. While the term is sometimes used in sleep literature to describe a disorder demonstrated by polysomnographic evidence of disturbed sleep, insomnia is often defined as a positive response to either of two questions:... , wakefulness, acquired habit Habit (psychology) Habits are routines of behavior that are repeated regularly and tend to occur subconsciously. Habitual behavior often goes unnoticed in persons exhibiting it, because a person does not need to engage in self-analysis when undertaking routine tasks... , lack of desire for fluid Fluid In physics, a fluid is a substance that continually deforms under an applied shear stress. Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas and, to some extent, plastic solids.... s	loss of vigour, deficient energy Energy In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems... , insomnia Insomnia Insomnia is most often defined by an individual's report of sleeping difficulties. While the term is sometimes used in sleep literature to describe a disorder demonstrated by polysomnographic evidence of disturbed sleep, insomnia is often defined as a positive response to either of two questions:... , wakefulness, high pulse Pulse In medicine, one's pulse represents the tactile arterial palpation of the heartbeat by trained fingertips. The pulse may be palpated in any place that allows an artery to be compressed against a bone, such as at the neck , at the wrist , behind the knee , on the inside of the elbow , and near the... rate, lassitude, acquired habit Habit (psychology) Habits are routines of behavior that are repeated regularly and tend to occur subconsciously. Habitual behavior often goes unnoticed in persons exhibiting it, because a person does not need to engage in self-analysis when undertaking routine tasks...	loss of vigour, lassitude, deficient energy Energy In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems... , sleepiness Somnolence Somnolence is a state of near-sleep, a strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods . It has two distinct meanings, referring both to the usual state preceding falling asleep, and the chronic condition referring to being in that state independent of a circadian rhythm... , high pulse Pulse In medicine, one's pulse represents the tactile arterial palpation of the heartbeat by trained fingertips. The pulse may be palpated in any place that allows an artery to be compressed against a bone, such as at the neck , at the wrist , behind the knee , on the inside of the elbow , and near the... rate, lassitude	rheumatism Rheumatism Rheumatism or rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the joints and connective tissue. The study of, and therapeutic interventions in, such disorders is called rheumatology.-Terminology:... , lassitude, lack of desire for fluid Fluid In physics, a fluid is a substance that continually deforms under an applied shear stress. Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas and, to some extent, plastic solids.... s, sleepiness Somnolence Somnolence is a state of near-sleep, a strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods . It has two distinct meanings, referring both to the usual state preceding falling asleep, and the chronic condition referring to being in that state independent of a circadian rhythm...	Not Recognized
c. 1900	Ivan Pavlov's four temperaments	Passivity, Extremeness	Areas not distinguished	Weak inhibitory	Strong excitatory	Lively	Calm imperturbable	Not Recognized
c. 1900	Alfred Adler's four Styles of Life	"activity", "social interest"	Areas not distinguished	Avoiding	Ruling or Dominant	Socially Useful	Getting or Leaning
c. 1966	Temperament by LaHaye	Compares other instruments	Areas not distinguished	Melancholy	Choleric	Sanguine	Phlegmatic	"passive sanguine"
1964	Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid Model	Concern for People, Productivity	Areas not distinguished	Impoverished	Produce or Perish	Team Type	Country Club	Middle of the Road
1974	Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Modeshttp://www.cpp.com/images/reports/smp48148.pdf	Assertiveness, Cooperativeness	Areas Not distinguished	Avoiding	Competing	Collaborating	Compromising	Accommodating
c. 1958	William Schutz, FIRO Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation Fundamental interpersonal relations orientation is a theory of interpersonal relations, introduced by William Schutz in 1958. This theory mainly explains the interpersonal underworld of a small group... -B	Expressed, Wanted	Inclusion Control Affection	Names different for each need area. See FIRO Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation Fundamental interpersonal relations orientation is a theory of interpersonal relations, introduced by William Schutz in 1958. This theory mainly explains the interpersonal underworld of a small group... article.
c. 1984	The Arno Profile System	Expressive, Responsive	Inclusion, Control, Affection	Melancholy	Choleric	Sanguine	Phlegmatic	Supine
c. 1995	Worley Identification Discovery Profile	Demonstrated, Desired	Social, Leadership, Relationship	Melancholy	Choleric	Sanguine	Phlegmatic	Introverted Sanguine
c. 1998	Hartman Personality Profile Hartman Personality Profile The Hartman Personality Profile also known as The Color Code, created by Dr. Taylor Hartman, divides personalities into four colors: Red , Blue , White , and Yellow...	Not recognized	Not recognized	Blue	Red	Yellow	White	Not recognized

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