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Starost(a) ( Cyrillic: ???????/?) is a title
Title

A title is a Prefix or Suffix added to a person's name to signify either veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification....
 for an official or unofficial position of leadership that has been used in various contexts through most of Slavic history. It can be translated as 'elder
Elder (administrative title)

The term Elder is used in several different countries and organizations to indicate a position of authority. This usage is usually derived from the notion that the oldest members of a group are the wisest and thus most qualified to rule, provide council or some other form of leadership....
'. Territory administered by a starost was called a starostwo.

  1. In the early Middle Ages
    Middle Ages

    File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...
     the starosta was the head of a Slavic community; in Russia
    Russia

    Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
     the word was used until the early 20th century to denote the elected leader of obshchina
    Obshchina

    Obshchina were peasant communities, as opposed to individual farmsteads, or khutors, in Imperial Russia. The term derives from the word ?????, obshchiy ....
    .
  2. From the 14th century in the Polish Crown and later through the era of the joint state of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

    The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
     till the partitions of Poland
    Partitions of Poland

    The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth....
     in 1795 the starosta was a royal official.






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    Starost(a) ( Cyrillic: ???????/?) is a title
    Title

    A title is a Prefix or Suffix added to a person's name to signify either veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification....
     for an official or unofficial position of leadership that has been used in various contexts through most of Slavic history. It can be translated as 'elder
    Elder (administrative title)

    The term Elder is used in several different countries and organizations to indicate a position of authority. This usage is usually derived from the notion that the oldest members of a group are the wisest and thus most qualified to rule, provide council or some other form of leadership....
    '. Territory administered by a starost was called a starostwo.

    1. In the early Middle Ages
      Middle Ages

      File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...
       the starosta was the head of a Slavic community; in Russia
      Russia

      Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
       the word was used until the early 20th century to denote the elected leader of obshchina
      Obshchina

      Obshchina were peasant communities, as opposed to individual farmsteads, or khutors, in Imperial Russia. The term derives from the word ?????, obshchiy ....
      .
    2. From the 14th century in the Polish Crown and later through the era of the joint state of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
      Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

      The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
       till the partitions of Poland
      Partitions of Poland

      The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth....
       in 1795 the starosta was a royal official. His deputy was known as podstarosci. There were several types of starosta:
      • starosta generalny was the official in administration of a specific territorial unit: either the representative of the King or Grand Duke or a person directly in charge.
      • starosta grodowy was a county- (powiat
        Powiat

        A powiat is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture in other countries....
        -) level official responsible for fiscal duties, police and courts, and he was responsible for the execution of judicial verdicts.
      • starosta niegrodowy was the overseer of the Crown land
        Crown land

        Crown land is a designated area belonging to the Crown, the equivalent of an Fee tail Estate that passed with the monarchy and could not be Title from it....
        s
    3. In Galicia
      Galicia (Central Europe)

      Galicia is a historical region in East Central Europe, currently divided between Poland and Ukraine, named after Ukra?ni?n city of Halych.The nucleus of historic Galicia is formed of three regions of western Ukraine: Lvivska oblast, Ternopilska oblast and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast....
       and Bukovina
      Bukovina

      Bukovina is a historical region on the northern slopes of the northeastern Carpathian Mountains and the adjoining plains. It is currently split between Romania and Ukraine....
       under Austrian rule a starosta supervised the county
      County

      A county is a land area of Local government government within a larger state. A county may have city and towns within its area....
       administration.
    4. In Poland
      Poland

      Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
       between 1918 and 1939 and 1944-1950 the starosta was the head of county (powiat
      Powiat

      A powiat is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture in other countries....
      ) administration, subordinate to voivode
    5. In Poland
      Poland

      Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
       since 1 January 1999 the starosta has been the head of the county (powiat
      Powiat

      A powiat is the second-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture in other countries....
      ) executive (zarzad powiatu), and the head of the county administration (starostwo powiatowe). He is elected by the county council (rada powiatu).
    6. The starosta is the master of ceremonies
      Master of Ceremonies

      A Master or Mistress of Ceremonies or MC , sometimes called a comp?re or an MJ for "microphone jockey," is the Host of an official public or private staged event or other performance....
       in the traditional Carpatho-Rusyn and Polish wedding.
    7. The starosta was a head of various communities: church starosta, artel
      Artel

      Artel is a general term for various cooperative associations in Russia, historical and modern.Historically, artels were semi-formal associations for various enterprises: fishing, mining, commerce, of loaders, loggers, thieves, beggars, etc....
       starosta, etc.
    8. In the Czech Republic
      Czech Republic

      The Czech Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east....
       and Slovakia
      Slovakia

      Slovakia . It was amended in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president and again in February 2001 due to EU admission requirements....
      , starosta is the title of a mayor of a town or village (mayors of major cities use the title primátor).
    9. In Lithuania
      Lithuania

      Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest....
       since 1991, starosta is the title of the head of a province.


    See also

    • Offices in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
      Offices in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

      This article discusses the organizational structure and Public administration of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was a federation Aristocracy republic of the period 1569 ? 1795, comprising the History of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and their fiefs....
    • Seniunija
      Seniunija

      ||}Seniunija is the smallest Subdivisions of Lithuania of Lithuania. An eldership could either be a very small region consisting of few villages, one single town, or part of a big city....


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