Sarcosine oxidase
Encyclopedia
Sarcosine oxidase is an enzyme
that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation
of sarcosine
to yield glycine
, H2O2, 5,10-CH2-tetrahydrofolate in a reaction
requiring H4-tetrahydrofolate and oxygen.
Corynebacterial
sarcosine oxidase
is a heterotetramer
and is produced as an inducible enzyme when Corynebacterium sp.is grown with sarcosine as source of carbon
and energy
.
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...
that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation
Demethylation
Demethylation is the chemical process resulting in the removal a of methyl group from a molecule.A common way of demethylation is the replacement of a methyl group by a hydrogen atom, resulting in a net loss of one carbon and two hydrogen atoms....
of sarcosine
Sarcosine
Sarcosine, also known as N-methylglycine, is an intermediate and byproduct in glycine synthesis and degradation. Sarcosine is metabolized to glycine by the enzyme sarcosine dehydrogenase, while glycine-N-methyl transferase generates sarcosine from glycine. Sarcosine is a natural amino acid found in...
to yield glycine
Glycine
Glycine is an organic compound with the formula NH2CH2COOH. Having a hydrogen substituent as its 'side chain', glycine is the smallest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. Its codons are GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG cf. the genetic code.Glycine is a colourless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid...
, H2O2, 5,10-CH2-tetrahydrofolate in a reaction
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Chemical reactions can be either spontaneous, requiring no input of energy, or non-spontaneous, typically following the input of some type of energy, such as heat, light or electricity...
requiring H4-tetrahydrofolate and oxygen.
Corynebacterial
Corynebacterium
Corynebacterium is a genus of Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria. They are widely distributed in nature and are mostly innocuous. Some are useful in industrial settings such as C. glutamicum. Others can cause human disease. C...
sarcosine oxidase
Oxidase
An oxidase is any enzyme that catalyzes an oxidation-reduction reaction involving molecular oxygen as the electron acceptor. In these reactions, oxygen is reduced to water or hydrogen peroxide ....
is a heterotetramer
Heterotetramer
A heterotetramer is protein containing four non-covalently bound subunits, wherein the subunits are not all identical. A homotetramer contains four identical subunits....
and is produced as an inducible enzyme when Corynebacterium sp.is grown with sarcosine as source of carbon
Carbon
Carbon is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds...
and energy
Energy
In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems...
.