Robert Haralick
Encyclopedia
Robert M. Haralick was born in Brooklyn, New York, on September 30, 1943.
in 1964, a B.S. degree in electrical engineering
in 1966, and a M.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1967. In 1969, after completing his Ph.D. at the University of Kansas
, he joined the faculty of the electrical engineering department, serving as professor from 1975 to 1978. In 1979 Haralick joined the electrical engineering department at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, where he was a professor and director of the spatial data analysis laboratory.
From 1984 to 1986 Haralick served as vice president of research at Machine Vision International, Ann Arbor, MI. Haralick occupied the Boeing Clairmont Egtvedt Professorship in the department of electrical engineering at the University of Washington
from 1986 through 2000. At UW, Haralick was an adjunct professor in the computer science department and the bioengineering department.
In 2000 Haralick accepted a Distinguished Professorship position at the computer science department of the Graduate Center, City University of New York
.
. In the high-level vision area, he has worked on inferring 3D geometry from one or more perspective
projection
views. He has also identified a variety of vision problems which are special cases of the consistent labeling problem. His papers on consistent labeling, arrangements, relation homomorphism, matching, and tree search translate some specific computer vision problems to the more general combinatorial consistent labeling problem and then discuss the theory of the look-ahead operators that speed up the tree search. This gives a framework for the control structure required in high-level vision problems. He has also extended the forward-checking tree search technique to propositional logic.
In the low-and mid-level areas, Haralick has worked in image texture analysis using spatial gray tone co-occurrence texture features.{} These features have been used with success on biological cell images, x-ray images, satellite images, aerial images and many other kinds of images taken at small and large scales. In the feature detection area, Haralick has developed the facet model for image processing. The facet model states that many low-level image processing operations can be interpreted relative to what the processing does to the estimated underlying gray tone intensity surface of which the given image is a sampled noisy version. The facet papers develop techniques for edge detection, line detection, noise removal, peak and pit detection, as well as a variety of other topographic gray tone surface features.
Haralick's work in shape analysis and extraction uses the techniques of mathematical morphology. He has developed the
morphological sampling theorem which establishes a sound shape/size basis for the focus of attention mechanisms which can process image data in a multiresolution mode, thereby making some of the image feature extraction processes execute more efficiently.He has also developed recursive morphological algorithms for the computation of opening and closing transforms. The recursive algorithms permit all possible sized openings or closings for a given structuring element to be computed in constant time per pixel.
In the area of document image understanding, Haralick is responsible for the development of comprehensive ground-truthed databases consisting of over 1500 document images, most in English and some in Japanese. The databases are issued on CD-ROMs and are used all around the world by people developing character recognition methodologies and techniques for document image structural decomposition.{} He has developed algorithms for document image skew angle estimation, zone delineation, and word and text line bounding box delineation.
In a series of papers, Haralick has helped influence the computer vision community to be more sensitive to the needs of computer vision performance characterization and covariance propagation. His most recent work is in the pattern recognition area, particularly in the manifold clustering of high dimensional data sets, the application of pattern recognition to mathematical combinatorial problems and in the area of Torah codes popularly called Bible code
s. In this area he has co-authored a book with Eliyahu Rips, one of the coauthors of the original Statistical Sciences paper. Haralick's research has helped develop sophisticated algorithmic and statistical methodology for Torah code experiments, methodology that he claims can differentiate between the tables that are depicted as encodings in books like Moby Dick and War and Peace from those encodings that occur in the Torah text.
Haralick is a Fellow of IEEE for his contributions in computer vision and image processing and a Fellow of the International Association for Pattern Recognition (IAPR) for his contributions in pattern recognition
, image processing, and for service to IAPR. He served as president of IAPR from 1996 to 1998. He has served on the editorial board of "IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence" and has been the computer vision area editor for Communications of the ACM
and as an associate editor for Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, The IEEE Transactions on Image Processing and Pattern Recognition. He served on the editorial board of Real Time Imaging and the editorial board of Electronic Imaging. His publications include over 570 archival papers, book chapters, conference proceedings and books. The science citation index lists 6307 references to his papers.
Haralick has been recognized for his academic research in the Marquis Who's Who books. He is listed in the current editions for Who's Who in the East, Who's Who in America, and Who's Who in the World.
Academia
Haralick received a B.A. degree in mathematics from the University of KansasUniversity of Kansas
The University of Kansas is a public research university and the largest university in the state of Kansas. KU campuses are located in Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, and Kansas City, Kansas with the main campus being located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest point in Lawrence. The...
in 1964, a B.S. degree in electrical engineering
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism. The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth century after commercialization of the electric telegraph and electrical...
in 1966, and a M.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1967. In 1969, after completing his Ph.D. at the University of Kansas
University of Kansas
The University of Kansas is a public research university and the largest university in the state of Kansas. KU campuses are located in Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, and Kansas City, Kansas with the main campus being located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest point in Lawrence. The...
, he joined the faculty of the electrical engineering department, serving as professor from 1975 to 1978. In 1979 Haralick joined the electrical engineering department at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, where he was a professor and director of the spatial data analysis laboratory.
From 1984 to 1986 Haralick served as vice president of research at Machine Vision International, Ann Arbor, MI. Haralick occupied the Boeing Clairmont Egtvedt Professorship in the department of electrical engineering at the University of Washington
University of Washington
University of Washington is a public research university, founded in 1861 in Seattle, Washington, United States. The UW is the largest university in the Northwest and the oldest public university on the West Coast. The university has three campuses, with its largest campus in the University...
from 1986 through 2000. At UW, Haralick was an adjunct professor in the computer science department and the bioengineering department.
In 2000 Haralick accepted a Distinguished Professorship position at the computer science department of the Graduate Center, City University of New York
City University of New York
The City University of New York is the public university system of New York City, with its administrative offices in Yorkville in Manhattan. It is the largest urban university in the United States, consisting of 23 institutions: 11 senior colleges, six community colleges, the William E...
.
Contributions
Haralick has made a series of contributions in the field of computer visionComputer vision
Computer vision is a field that includes methods for acquiring, processing, analysing, and understanding images and, in general, high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g., in the forms of decisions...
. In the high-level vision area, he has worked on inferring 3D geometry from one or more perspective
Perspective (graphical)
Perspective in the graphic arts, such as drawing, is an approximate representation, on a flat surface , of an image as it is seen by the eye...
projection
3D projection
3D projection is any method of mapping three-dimensional points to a two-dimensional plane. As most current methods for displaying graphical data are based on planar two-dimensional media, the use of this type of projection is widespread, especially in computer graphics, engineering and drafting.-...
views. He has also identified a variety of vision problems which are special cases of the consistent labeling problem. His papers on consistent labeling, arrangements, relation homomorphism, matching, and tree search translate some specific computer vision problems to the more general combinatorial consistent labeling problem and then discuss the theory of the look-ahead operators that speed up the tree search. This gives a framework for the control structure required in high-level vision problems. He has also extended the forward-checking tree search technique to propositional logic.
In the low-and mid-level areas, Haralick has worked in image texture analysis using spatial gray tone co-occurrence texture features.{} These features have been used with success on biological cell images, x-ray images, satellite images, aerial images and many other kinds of images taken at small and large scales. In the feature detection area, Haralick has developed the facet model for image processing. The facet model states that many low-level image processing operations can be interpreted relative to what the processing does to the estimated underlying gray tone intensity surface of which the given image is a sampled noisy version. The facet papers develop techniques for edge detection, line detection, noise removal, peak and pit detection, as well as a variety of other topographic gray tone surface features.
Haralick's work in shape analysis and extraction uses the techniques of mathematical morphology. He has developed the
morphological sampling theorem which establishes a sound shape/size basis for the focus of attention mechanisms which can process image data in a multiresolution mode, thereby making some of the image feature extraction processes execute more efficiently.He has also developed recursive morphological algorithms for the computation of opening and closing transforms. The recursive algorithms permit all possible sized openings or closings for a given structuring element to be computed in constant time per pixel.
In the area of document image understanding, Haralick is responsible for the development of comprehensive ground-truthed databases consisting of over 1500 document images, most in English and some in Japanese. The databases are issued on CD-ROMs and are used all around the world by people developing character recognition methodologies and techniques for document image structural decomposition.{} He has developed algorithms for document image skew angle estimation, zone delineation, and word and text line bounding box delineation.
In a series of papers, Haralick has helped influence the computer vision community to be more sensitive to the needs of computer vision performance characterization and covariance propagation. His most recent work is in the pattern recognition area, particularly in the manifold clustering of high dimensional data sets, the application of pattern recognition to mathematical combinatorial problems and in the area of Torah codes popularly called Bible code
Bible code
The Bible code , also known as the Torah code, is a purported set of secret messages encoded within the text Hebrew Bible and describing prophesies and other guidance regarding the future. This hidden code has been described as a method by which specific letters from the text can be selected to...
s. In this area he has co-authored a book with Eliyahu Rips, one of the coauthors of the original Statistical Sciences paper. Haralick's research has helped develop sophisticated algorithmic and statistical methodology for Torah code experiments, methodology that he claims can differentiate between the tables that are depicted as encodings in books like Moby Dick and War and Peace from those encodings that occur in the Torah text.
Haralick is a Fellow of IEEE for his contributions in computer vision and image processing and a Fellow of the International Association for Pattern Recognition (IAPR) for his contributions in pattern recognition
Pattern recognition
In machine learning, pattern recognition is the assignment of some sort of output value to a given input value , according to some specific algorithm. An example of pattern recognition is classification, which attempts to assign each input value to one of a given set of classes...
, image processing, and for service to IAPR. He served as president of IAPR from 1996 to 1998. He has served on the editorial board of "IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence" and has been the computer vision area editor for Communications of the ACM
Communications of the ACM
Communications of the ACM is the flagship monthly journal of the Association for Computing Machinery . First published in 1957, CACM is sent to all ACM members, currently numbering about 80,000. The articles are intended for readers with backgrounds in all areas of computer science and information...
and as an associate editor for Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, The IEEE Transactions on Image Processing and Pattern Recognition. He served on the editorial board of Real Time Imaging and the editorial board of Electronic Imaging. His publications include over 570 archival papers, book chapters, conference proceedings and books. The science citation index lists 6307 references to his papers.
Haralick has been recognized for his academic research in the Marquis Who's Who books. He is listed in the current editions for Who's Who in the East, Who's Who in America, and Who's Who in the World.
See also
- Computer visionComputer visionComputer vision is a field that includes methods for acquiring, processing, analysing, and understanding images and, in general, high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g., in the forms of decisions...
- Image ProcessingImage processingIn electrical engineering and computer science, image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, such as a photograph or video frame; the output of image processing may be either an image or, a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image...
- Optical character recognitionOptical character recognitionOptical character recognition, usually abbreviated to OCR, is the mechanical or electronic translation of scanned images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-encoded text. It is widely used to convert books and documents into electronic files, to computerize a record-keeping...
- Pattern RecognitionPattern recognitionIn machine learning, pattern recognition is the assignment of some sort of output value to a given input value , according to some specific algorithm. An example of pattern recognition is classification, which attempts to assign each input value to one of a given set of classes...
- Remote SensingRemote sensingRemote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon, without making physical contact with the object. In modern usage, the term generally refers to the use of aerial sensor technologies to detect and classify objects on Earth by means of propagated signals Remote sensing...
- RoboticsRoboticsRobotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and application of robots...
- Bible CodeBible codeThe Bible code , also known as the Torah code, is a purported set of secret messages encoded within the text Hebrew Bible and describing prophesies and other guidance regarding the future. This hidden code has been described as a method by which specific letters from the text can be selected to...
External links
- http://www.torah-code.org Torah code website
- http://www.kabbalah.torah-code.org Kabbalah, Torah, and Torah code website
- Robert Martin Haralick from The Mathematics Genealogy Project, a semi-official project of the American Mathematical SocietyAmerican Mathematical SocietyThe American Mathematical Society is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, which it does with various publications and conferences as well as annual monetary awards and prizes to mathematicians.The society is one of the...
(many computer science doctoral and some engineering degrees are also covered)