In
electrical engineeringElectrical engineering is a field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism. The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth century after commercialization of the electric telegraph and electrical...
and
computer scienceComputer science or computing science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems...
,
image processing is any form of
signal processingSignal processing is an area of systems engineering, electrical engineering and applied mathematics that deals with operations on or analysis of signals, in either discrete or continuous time...
for which the input is an image, such as a
photographA photograph is an image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic imager such as a CCD or a CMOS chip. Most photographs are created using a camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of...
or video frame; the
outputOutput is the term denoting either an exit or changes which exit a system and which activate/modify a process. It is an abstract concept, used in the modeling, system design and system exploitation.-In control theory:...
of image processing may be either an image or, a set of characteristics or
parameterParameter from Ancient Greek παρά also “para” meaning “beside, subsidiary” and μέτρον also “metron” meaning “measure”, can be interpreted in mathematics, logic, linguistics, environmental science and other disciplines....
s related to the image. Most image-processing techniques involve treating the image as a two-dimensional
signalIn the fields of communications, signal processing, and in electrical engineering more generally, a signal is any time-varying or spatial-varying quantity....
and applying standard signal-processing techniques to it.
Image processing usually refers to
digital image processingDigital image processing is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing...
, but
opticalOptical engineering is the field of study that focuses on applications of optics. Optical engineers design components of optical instruments such as lenses, microscopes, telescopes, and other equipment that utilizes the properties of light. Other devices include optical sensors and measurement...
and
analog image processingIn electrical engineering and computer science, analog image processing is any image processing task conducted on two-dimensional analog signals by analog means ....
also are possible. This article is about general techniques that apply to all of them. The
acquisition of images (producing the input image in the first place) is referred to as
imagingImaging science is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the generation, collection, duplication, analysis, modification, and visualization of images . As an evolving field it includes research and researchers from physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, computer vision, computer science,...
.
See also
- Photo manipulation
Photo manipulation is the application of image editing techniques to photographs in order to create an illusion or deception , through analog or digital means.- Types of digital photo manipulation :...
- Near sets
Near sets are disjoint sets that resemble each other. Resemblance between disjoint sets occurs whenever there are observable similarities between the objects in the sets. Similarity is determined by comparing lists of object feature values. Each list of feature values defines an object's description...
- Multidimensional systems
By the term multidimensional systems or m-D systems we mean the branch of systems theory where not only one variable exists , but several independent variables....
- Comparison of image processing software
The following table provides a comparison of image processing software.* Matlab is take to include the Matlab Image Processing Toolbox...
External links