Psychotropic Substances Act (Thailand)
Encyclopedia
Thailand
's Psychotropic Substances Act is a law designed to regulate certain mind-altering drugs. According to the Office of the Narcotics Control Board, "The Act directly resulted from the Convention on Psychotropic Substances
1971 of which Thailand is a party." The Act divides psychotropic drugs into four Schedules. Offenses involving Schedule I and II drugs carry heavier penalties than those involving Schedule III and IV drugs. Note that this statute does not regulate most opioid
s, cocaine
, or some amphetamines. The vast majority of narcotic painkillers, along with cocaine and most amphetamines are regulated under the Narcotics Act.
Thailand
Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
's Psychotropic Substances Act is a law designed to regulate certain mind-altering drugs. According to the Office of the Narcotics Control Board, "The Act directly resulted from the Convention on Psychotropic Substances
Convention on Psychotropic Substances
The Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971 is a United Nations treaty designed to control psychoactive drugs such as amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and psychedelics signed at Vienna on February 21, 1971...
1971 of which Thailand is a party." The Act divides psychotropic drugs into four Schedules. Offenses involving Schedule I and II drugs carry heavier penalties than those involving Schedule III and IV drugs. Note that this statute does not regulate most opioid
Opioid
An opioid is a psychoactive chemical that works by binding to opioid receptors, which are found principally in the central and peripheral nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract...
s, cocaine
Cocaine
Cocaine is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine. It is a stimulant of the central nervous system, an appetite suppressant, and a topical anesthetic...
, or some amphetamines. The vast majority of narcotic painkillers, along with cocaine and most amphetamines are regulated under the Narcotics Act.
Schedule I
Some examples include:- CathinoneCathinoneCathinone, or Benzoylethanamine, is a monoamine alkaloid found in the shrub Catha edulis and is chemically similar to ephedrine, cathine and other amphetamines. Cathinone induces the release of dopamine from striatal preparations that are prelabelled either with dopamine or its precursors. It is...
((-)-a-Amino-propiophenone) - Etryptamine (3-(2-aminobutyl) indole)
- MescalineMescalineMescaline or 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine is a naturally occurring psychedelic alkaloid of the phenethylamine class used mainly as an entheogen....
(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenethylamine) - MethcathinoneMethcathinoneMethcathinone , is a psychoactive stimulant, sometimes used as a recreational drug and considered addictive. It is usually snorted, but can be smoked, injected, or taken orally...
(2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one) - Psilocine (3-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)-4-hydroxyindole)
- Psilocybine (3-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate)
- TetrahydrocannabinolTetrahydrocannabinolTetrahydrocannabinol , also known as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol , Δ1-THC , or dronabinol, is the main chemical psychoactive substance found in the cannabis plant. It was first isolated in 1964. In pure form, it is a glassy solid when cold, and becomes viscous and sticky if warmed...
(1-Hydroxy-3-pentyl-6 a, 7,10,10 a-tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-6H-dibenzo [b,d] pyran)
Schedule II
Some examples include:- Amfepramone (2-(Diethylamino) propiophenone)
- AminorexAminorexAminorex is an anorectic stimulant drug of the 2-amino-5-aryl oxazoline class developed by a team at McNeil in 1962. It is closely related to 4-methylaminorex. Aminorex has been shown to have locomotor stimulant effects, lying midway between dextroamphetamine and methamphetamine...
(2-amino-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline) - ButorphanolButorphanolButorphanol is a morphinan-type synthetic opioid analgesic developed by Bristol-Myers. Brand name Stadol was recently discontinued by the manufacturer. It is now only available in its generic formulations, manufactured by Novex, Mylan, Apotex and Ben Venue Laboratories. Butorphanol is most...
(17-(cyclobutymethyl) morphinan 3, 14-diol) - CathineCathineCathine, also known as d-norpseudoephedrine, is a psychoactive drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes which acts as a stimulant...
(d-threo-2-Amino-1-hydroxy- 1- phenylpropane) - Fencamfamin ((+)-N-Ethyl-3-phenylbicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptan-2-amine)
- FenethyllineFenethyllineFenethylline, also spelled phenethylline, is a synthetic prodrug used as a stimulant and marketed under the brand name Captagon.-History:...
((+)-3,7-Dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-7-(2-[(1-methyl-2-phenyl-ethyl) amino]-ethyl)-1H-purine-2,6-dione) - FlunitrazepamFlunitrazepamFlunitrazepam is marketed as a potent hypnotic, sedative, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, amnestic, and skeletal muscle relaxant drug most commonly known as Rohypnol...
(5-(o-Fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-7-nitro-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - KetamineKetamineKetamine is a drug used in human and veterinary medicine. Its hydrochloride salt is sold as Ketanest, Ketaset, and Ketalar. Pharmacologically, ketamine is classified as an NMDA receptor antagonist...
(Cyclohexanone, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)) - MazindolMazindolMazindol is a stimulant drug of the tetracyclic chemical class which is used as an anorectic. It was developed by Sandoz-Wander in the 1960s- Indications :...
(5-(p-Chlorophenyl)-2,5-dihydro-3H-imidazo [2,1-a]-isoindol-5-o1) - MethaqualoneMethaqualoneMethaqualone is a sedative-hypnotic drug that is similar in effect to barbiturates, a general central nervous system depressant. The sedative-hypnotic activity was first noted by Indian researchers in the 1950s and in 1962 methaqualone itself was patented in the US by Wallace and Tiernan...
(2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone) - MethylphenidateMethylphenidateMethylphenidate is a psychostimulant drug approved for treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and narcolepsy. It may also be prescribed for off-label use in treatment-resistant cases of lethargy, depression, neural insult and obesity...
(2-Phenyl-2-(2-piperidyl) acetic acid, methyl ester) - NimetazepamNimetazepamNimetazepam is an intermediate-acting hypnotic drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It was first synthesized by a team at Hoffmann-La Roche in 1962. It possesses hypnotic, anxiolytic, sedative, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Nimetazepam is also an anticonvulsant. It is sold in 5 mg...
(1,3-Dihydro-1-methyl-7-nitro-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzo-diazepin-2-one) - PemolinePemolinePemoline was first synthesized in 1913 but it's activity was not discovered until the 1930s. Under the names it was used as a medication used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. Under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, it is a Schedule IV drug...
(2-Amino-5-phenyl-4(5H)-oxazolone) - PentobarbitalPentobarbitalPentobarbital is a short-acting barbiturate that was first synthesized in 1928. Pentobarbital is available as both a free acid and a sodium salt, the former of which is only slightly soluble in water and ethanol....
(5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl) barbituric acid) - PhencyclidinePhencyclidinePhencyclidine , commonly initialized as PCP and known colloquially as angel dust, is a recreational dissociative drug...
(1-(1-Phenyl-cyclohexyl)-piperidine) - SecobarbitalSecobarbitalSecobarbital sodium is a barbiturate derivative drug that was first synthesized in 1928 in Germany. It possesses anaesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative and hypnotic properties...
(5-Allyl-5-(1-methylbutyl) barbituric acid) - TemazepamTemazepamTemazepam is an intermediate-acting 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine. It is mostly prescribed for the short-term treatment of sleeplessness in patients who have difficulty maintaining sleep...
(7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - TriazolamTriazolamTriazolam is a benzodiazepine drug. It possesses pharmacological properties similar to that of other benzodiazepines, but it is generally only used as a sedative to treat severe insomnia...
(8-Chloro-6-(o-Chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-s-triazolo [4,3-a] [1,4] benzodiazepine)
Schedule III
Some examples include:- AmobarbitalAmobarbitalAmobarbital is a drug that is a barbiturate derivative. It has sedative-hypnotic and analgesic properties. It is a white crystalline powder with no odor and a slightly bitter taste. It was first synthesized in Germany in 1923...
(5-Ethyl-5-(3-methylbutyl) barbituric acid) - BrotizolamBrotizolamBrotizolam is a sedative-hypnotic thienodiazepine drug which is a benzodiazepine analog. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties, and is considered to be similar in effect to short-acting benzodiazepines such as triazolam...
(2-Bromo-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-9-methyl-6H-thieno [3,2-f] [1,2,4,] triazolo-[4,3-a] [1,4] diazepine) - BuprenorphineBuprenorphineBuprenorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid that is used...
(21-Cyclopropyl-7-α-[(s)-1-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl]-6, 14-endo-ethano-6,7,8, 14-tetrahydrooripavine) - ButalbitalButalbitalButalbital, structure presents as 5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid, is a barbiturate with an intermediate duration of action. It has the same chemical formula as talbutal but a different structure. Butalbital is often combined with other medications, such as paracetamol or aspirin, and is...
(5-Allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid) - CyclobarbitalCyclobarbitalCyclobarbital, also known as cyclobarbitol or cyclobarbitone, is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative....
(5-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-ethylbarbituric acid) - FlutoprazepamFlutoprazepamFlutoprazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine. It was patented in Japan by Sumitomo in 1972 and its medical use remains mostly confined to that country...
(7-chloro-1-cyclopropylmethyl-1,3-dihydro-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - GlutethimideGlutethimideGlutethimide is a hypnotic sedative that was introduced in 1954 as a safe alternative to barbiturates to treat insomnia. Before long, however, it had become clear that glutethimide was just as likely to cause addiction and caused similarly severe withdrawal symptoms...
(2-Ethyl-2-phenyl-glutarimide) - LoprazolamLoprazolamLoprazolam marketed under the brand names Dormonoct, Havlane, Sonin, Somnovit, is a drug which is an imidazole benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. It is available in 1 mg tablets...
(6-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2,4 dihydro-2-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) methylene]-8-nitro-1H-imidazo [1,2-a] [1,4] benzodiazepin-1-one) - LormetazepamLormetazepamLormetazepam Lormetazepam Lormetazepam (INN, or methyl-lorazepam, is a drug which is a short to intermediate acting 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties....
(7-Chloro-5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl- 2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - MidazolamMidazolamMidazolam is a short-acting drug in the benzodiazepine class developed by Hoffmann-La Roche in the 1970s. The drug is used for treatment of acute seizures, moderate to severe insomnia, and for inducing sedation and amnesia before medical procedures. It possesses profoundly potent anxiolytic,...
(8-Chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo-(1,5-a) (1,4) benzodiazepine) - MeprobamateMeprobamateMeprobamate is a carbamate derivative which is used as an anxiolytic drug...
(2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate) - NitrazepamNitrazepamNitrazepam is a type of benzodiazepine drug and is marketed in English-speaking countries under the following brand names: Alodorm, Arem, Insoma, Mogadon, Nitrados, Nitrazadon, Ormodon, Paxadorm, Remnos, and Somnite...
(1,3-Dihydro-7-nitro-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - PentazocinePentazocinePentazocine is a synthetically prepared prototypical mixed agonist-antagonist narcotic drug of the benzomorphan class of opioids used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain...
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-Hexahydro-6, 11-dimethyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2, 6- methano-3-benzazocin-8-ol)
Schedule IV
Some examples include:- AllobarbitalAllobarbitalAllobarbital is a barbiturate derivative invented in 1912 by Ernst Preiswerk and Ernst Grether working for CIBA. It was used primarily as an anticonvulsant although it has now largely been replaced by newer drugs with improved safety profiles...
(5,5-diallybarbituric acid) - AlprazolamAlprazolamAlprazolam is a short-acting anxiolytic of the benzodiazepine class of psychoactive drugs. Alprazolam, like other benzodiazepines, binds to specific sites on the GABAA gamma-amino-butyric acid receptor...
(8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolo [4,3-a] [1,4] benzodiazepine) - BarbitalBarbitalBarbital , also called barbitone, was the first commercially marketed barbiturate. It was used as a sleeping aid from 1903 until the mid-1950s. The chemical names for barbital are diethylmalonyl urea or diethylbarbituric acid...
(5, 5-diethylbarbituric acid) - BenzphetamineBenzphetamineBenzphetamine is an anorectic drug marketed under this brand in the USA by Pharmacia. Benzphetamine is used as a short term adjunct in management of exogenous obesity. It is closely related to amphetamine.- Pharmacology :...
(N-benzyl-N, α -dimethylphenethylamine) - BromazepamBromazepamBromazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative drug, patented by Roche in the 1963 and developed clinically in the 1970s...
(7-bromo-1,3-dihydro-5-(2-pyridyl)-2H-1,4- benzodiazepin-2-one) - ButobarbitalButobarbitalButobarbital is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It is prescribed for severe insomnia.A trade name for this drug is Soneryl....
(5-butyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid) - CamazepamCamazepamCamazepam is a benzodiazepine psychoactive drug which is the dimethyl carbamate ester of temazepam, a metabolite of diazepam...
(7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1, 4 benzodiazepin-2-one dimethylcarbamate) - Chloral hydrateChloral hydrateChloral hydrate is a sedative and hypnotic drug as well as a chemical reagent and precursor. The name chloral hydrate indicates that it is formed from chloral by the addition of one molecule of water. Its chemical formula is C2H3Cl3O2....
and its adducts - ChlordiazepoxideChlordiazepoxideChlordiazepoxide, is a sedative/hypnotic drug and benzodiazepine. It is marketed under the trade names Angirex, Klopoxid, Librax , Libritabs, Librium, Mesural, Multum, Novapam, Risolid, Silibrin, Sonimen and Tropium.Chlordiazepoxide was the first benzodiazepine to be synthesised and...
(7-chloro-2-(methylamino)-5-phenyl-3H-1, 4-benzodiazepine- 4- oxide) - ClobazamClobazamClobazam , is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It has been marketed as an anxiolytic since 1975 and an anticonvulsant since 1984...
(7-Chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-(3H, 5H)-dione) - ClonazepamClonazepamClonazepamis a benzodiazepine drug having anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and hypnotic properties. It is marketed by Roche under the trade name Klonopin in the United States and Rivotril in Australia, Brazil, Canada and Europe...
(5-(o-Chlorophenyl)-1, 3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - ClortermineClortermineClortermine was developed by Ciba in the 1960s and is an anorectic drug of the amphetamine class. It is the 2-chloro analogue of the better known appetite suppressant phentermine, and is the 2-chloro positional isomer of chlorphentermine...
(2-chloro- α, α -demethyl benzeneethanamine) - DiazepamDiazepamDiazepam , first marketed as Valium by Hoffmann-La Roche is a benzodiazepine drug. Diazepam is also marketed in Australia as Antenex. It is commonly used for treating anxiety, insomnia, seizures including status epilepticus, muscle spasms , restless legs syndrome, alcohol withdrawal,...
(7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - EthchlorvynolEthchlorvynolEthchlorvynol is a sedative and hypnotic medication developed by Pfizer in the 1950s. It has been used to treat insomnia, but has been largely superseded and is only offered where an intolerance or allergy to other drugs exists....
(ethyl-2-chlorovinyl-ethinyicabinol) - LorazepamLorazepamLorazepam is a high-potency short-to-intermediate-acting 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine drug that has all five intrinsic benzodiazepine effects: anxiolytic, amnesic, sedative/hypnotic, anticonvulsant, antiemetic and muscle relaxant...
(7-Chloro-5(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - MefenorexMefenorexMefenorex is a stimulant drug which was used as an appetite suppressant. It is an amphetamine derivative which was developed in the 1970s and used for the treatment of obesity...
((±)-N(3-chloropropyl)-a-methylphenethylamine) - OxazepamOxazepamOxazepam , is a drug which is a short to intermediate acting 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine derivative...
(7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - PhenobarbitalPhenobarbitalPhenobarbital or phenobarbitone is a barbiturate, first marketed as Luminal by Friedr. Bayer et comp. It is the most widely used anticonvulsant worldwide, and the oldest still commonly used. It also has sedative and hypnotic properties but, as with other barbiturates, has been superseded by the...
(5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid) - PropylhexedrinePropylhexedrinePropylhexedrine is a stimulant drug related to methamphetamine. It is used mainly to provide temporary symptomatic relief of nasal congestion due to colds, allergies and allergic rhinitis...
((±)-N,a-Dimethylcyclohexane-ethylamine) - TetrazepamTetrazepamTetrazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, hypnotic and muscle relaxant properties...
(7-Chloro-5-(cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepin-2-one) - VinylbitalVinylbitalVinylbital, also known as butylvinyl, is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It possesses sedative properties....
(5-(1-methylbutyl)-5-vinylbarbituric acid)