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Proteales is the botanical name
Botanical name

A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature and, if the plant is a cultigen, the additional cultivar and/or Group epithets must conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants....
 of an order
Order (biology)

In Biological classification used in biology, the order is a taxonomic rank between class and family . The superorder is a rank between class and order....
 of flowering plants. Such an order has been recognized by almost all taxonomists.

APG II system
APG II system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in...
, of 2003, also recognizes this order, and places it in the clade eudicots
Eudicots

Eudicots and Eudicotyledons are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors....
 with this circumscription:



with "+ ..." = optional segregrate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.

Well-known members of Proteales include the protea
Protea

Protea is both the botanical name and the English common name of a genus of flowering plants, sometimes also called sugarbushes.The genus Protea was named in 1735 by Carolus Linnaeus after the Greek god Proteus who could change his form at will, because proteas have such different forms....
s of South Africa, the banksia
Banksia

Banksia is a genus of around 170 species in the plant family Proteaceae. Iconic Australian wildflower and popular garden plants, they are easily recognised by their characteristic flower spikes and fruiting "cones" and heads, and can vary from prostrate woody shrubs to trees up to 30 metres tall....
s and macadamia
Macadamia

Macadamia is a genus of nine species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, with a disjunct distribution native to eastern Australia , New Caledonia and Sulawesi in Indonesia ....
s of Australia, the London plane
London Plane

The 'London Plane' or 'Hybrid Plane' is a tree in the genus Platanus. It is usually thought to be a Hybrid of the Platanus orientalis, P....
, and the sacred lotus.






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Proteales is the botanical name
Botanical name

A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature and, if the plant is a cultigen, the additional cultivar and/or Group epithets must conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants....
 of an order
Order (biology)

In Biological classification used in biology, the order is a taxonomic rank between class and family . The superorder is a rank between class and order....
 of flowering plants. Such an order has been recognized by almost all taxonomists.

Families

The APG II system
APG II system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG II system of plant classification was published in 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG, in...
, of 2003, also recognizes this order, and places it in the clade eudicots
Eudicots

Eudicots and Eudicotyledons are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors....
 with this circumscription:

  • order Proteales
  • family Nelumbonaceae
  • family Proteaceae
    Proteaceae

    Proteaceae is a family of flowering plants. Mainly restricted to the Southern Hemisphere, it is a fairly large family, with around 80 genus but fewer than 2000 species....
     [+ family Platanaceae
    Platanaceae

    Platanaceae is a family of flowering plants. It has been recognized by almost all taxonomists, and is sometimes called the "plane-tree family"....
    ]


with "+ ..." = optional segregrate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.

Well-known members of Proteales include the protea
Protea

Protea is both the botanical name and the English common name of a genus of flowering plants, sometimes also called sugarbushes.The genus Protea was named in 1735 by Carolus Linnaeus after the Greek god Proteus who could change his form at will, because proteas have such different forms....
s of South Africa, the banksia
Banksia

Banksia is a genus of around 170 species in the plant family Proteaceae. Iconic Australian wildflower and popular garden plants, they are easily recognised by their characteristic flower spikes and fruiting "cones" and heads, and can vary from prostrate woody shrubs to trees up to 30 metres tall....
s and macadamia
Macadamia

Macadamia is a genus of nine species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, with a disjunct distribution native to eastern Australia , New Caledonia and Sulawesi in Indonesia ....
s of Australia, the London plane
London Plane

The 'London Plane' or 'Hybrid Plane' is a tree in the genus Platanus. It is usually thought to be a Hybrid of the Platanus orientalis, P....
, and the sacred lotus. The origins of the order are clearly ancient, with evidence of diversification in the mid Cretaceous
Cretaceous

The Cretaceous , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide, is a geologic period from circa to million years ago . In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows on the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period....
, over 100 million years ago. Of interest are the current family distributions, with the Proteaceae a mostly southern hemisphere family while Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae northern hemisphere.

Classification


This represents a slight change from the APG system
APG system

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the APG system of plant classification was published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The system is unusual in being based, not on total evidence, but on the cladistics analysis of the DNA sequences of three genes, two chloroplast genes and one gene coding for ribosomes....
, of 1998, which firmly did accept family Platanaceae as separate, using this circumscription of the order:
  • order Proteales
  • family Nelumbonaceae
  • family Platanaceae
  • family Proteaceae

Cronquist

The Cronquist system
Cronquist system

A list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants . This system was developed by Arthur Cronquist in his texts An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants and The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants ....
, of 1981, recognized such an order and placed it in subclass Rosidae
Rosidae

Under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature Rosidae is a botanical name at the rank of Subclass . wiktionary: circumscription of the subclass will vary with the wiktionary:taxonomic system being used; the only requirement being that it includes the Family Rosaceae....
 in class Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida

Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its wiktionary:circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classification system being discussed....
 [=dicotyledons]. It used this circumscription:
  • order Proteales
  • family Elaeagnaceae
    Elaeagnaceae

    Elaeagnaceae, the oleaster family, is a plant family of the order Rosales comprising small trees and shrubs, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical Asia and Australia....
  • family Proteaceae

Dahlgren & Thorne

The Dahlgren system
Dahlgren system

One of the modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Dahlgren system was published by monocotyledons specialist Rolf Martin Theodor Dahlgren....
 and Thorne system (1992)
Thorne system (1992)

A modern list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Thorne system of plant classification was drawn up by the botanist Robert Folger Thorne . He replaced it in 2000 with a new system....
 recognized such an order and placed it in superorder Proteanae in subclass Magnoliidae
Magnoliidae

Magnoliidae are a group of about 9,000 species of flowering plants, including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, and many others....
 [=dicotyledons]. These systems used this circumscription:
  • order Proteales
  • family Proteaceae

Engler

The Engler system
Engler system

One of the prime list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler.According to Engler, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien the main groups of plants are:...
, in its update of 1964, also recognized this order and placed it in subclass Archychlamydeae of class Dicotyledoneae. It used this circumscription:
  • order Proteales
  • family Proteaceae

Wettstein

The Wettstein system
Wettstein system

A list of systems of plant taxonomy, the Wettstein system recognised the following main groups, according to* I. phylum Schizophyta*::: 1....
, last revised in 1935, also recognized this order and placed it in the Monochlamideae in subclass Choripetalae of class Dicotyledones. It used this circumscription:
  • order Proteales
  • family Proteaceae